Kenneth S. Olson, SIL International and University of North Dakota
Brian E. Schrag, SIL International
Barbara Schrag, SIL International
Ama Geangozo Mbanza, Communauté Évangélique du Christ en Ubangi
Kilio Tembenekuzu, Communauté Évangélique du Christ en Ubangi
Roger E. Olson, Wycliffe Associates
Marjorie Liedtke, SIL International
Judy Kuntz, Wycliffe Associates
Lars Huttar, SIL International
This paper presents a 2000-item digital wordlist of Mono, an Ubangian language spoken in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The wordlist includes orthographic and broad phonetic transcriptions of each word, English and French glosses, MP3 and WAV recordings of each item, GIF images of the original field transcriptions, and metadata for resource discovery. An archival form of the wordlist was deposited into an institutional archive (the SIL Language and Culture Archives) and includes a WAV digital recording of the entire session, descriptive markup encoding of the wordlist in XML employing Unicode 5.1 transcription, TIFF images of the original field transcriptions, a metadata record, and documentation of informed consent. The presentation form was then generated directly from the archival form.
This paper presents a 2000-item digital wordlist in the Bili dialect of Mono
(ISO 639–3 code=mnh , Lewis 2009), a language spoken by about 65,000 people in the northwestern part of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. This presentation form was generated from an archival form of the data. The procedure we followed for creating both forms is detailed in Simons, Olson & Frank (2007) and summarized below. In producing the archival form, we have closely followed the best practice recommendations discussed in Bird & Simons (2003:574–579) and Simons, Olson & Frank (2007).
In addition to a description of the primary data in the form of phonetic transcription, we provide a documentation of the data in the form of digital audio recordings (cf. Himmelmann 1998, Himmelmann 2006:17–25), enabling the reader to verify and critique our transcription. This is important for this particular wordlist because Mono has some unusual phonological phenomena, including a phonemic bilabial flap /ⱱ̟/² (Olson & Hajek 1999, 2003, 2004); an eight-vowel system with fewer front vowels than back vowels /i, e, ɨ, ə, a, u, o, ɔ/; labialization and palatalization realized as [o̯] and [e̯], respectively, that can accompany (among other segments) /h/ and /ʔ/; echo vowel epenthesis causing a /CLV₁/ (L=liquid) underlying syllable pattern to be realized as [CV₁LV₁]; prothetic augmentation of subminimal nominal roots which, when combined with echo vowel epenthesis, leads to overapplication resulting in a non-surface-apparent opacity effect /CLV₁/ → [V₁CV₁LV₁]; and leftward vowel feature spreading subject to implicational restrictions (Olson 2005:17–19).
The original wordlist materials included two items: an 84-page paper wordlist and an audio recording on four cassettes (total time: 3:19:31). The paper wordlist presented a draft version of the SIL Comparative African Wordlist (SILCAWL), which includes 2000 items in English and French, along with the elicited Mono forms. The fourth and fifth authors (the language consultants) translated the wordlist into Mono in January and February 1998, employing a broad phonetic transcription. Their transcription is presented in the Form column of the wordlist.
Some of the translations from English to French in the draft wordlist were not as accurate as desired. Since the language consultants worked from the French in producing the Mono forms, this contributed to some imprecision in the final translations. We have retained the French from the original draft wordlist, but have made note of some of the English-French non-correspondences.
The wordlist was recorded by the second and third authors on March 18, 1998 at the SIL recording studio in Yaoundé, Cameroon, with assistance from recording engineer Mike Fox. The recording was made with a Nakamichi 550 analog cassette recorder and an AKG D330DT dynamic microphone. The speaker (the fifth author) was an adult male mother-tongue speaker of Mono, about 30 years old at the time of the recording. During the recording session, the second author produced the item number (in French) and the French prompt, and the fifth author produced the target word in isolation twice (cf. Olson 2005:122).
The recording was digitized at the International Linguistics Center (ILC) in Dallas, Texas in March 2005 by the sixth author. The audio cassettes were played on a Marantz PMD 221 analog cassette recorder, and the recording was digitized onto a standard Windows XP computer using a Tascam US-122 USB Audio/Midi interface and CoolEdit 2000 for audio capture.
The digitization was at a 48 kHz sampling rate and a 24-bit quantization, which according to IASA-TC03 (2005:8) is the minimum recommended digital resolution for the archiving of analog originals. (Plichta & Kornbluh 2002 recommend 96 kHz and 24 bits.) The recordings were stored in non-compressed WAV format, also the recommended industry standard (IASA-TC03 2005:8).
At present, the hardware of many computers does not handle 48 kHz, 24-bit audio. For the purpose of the presentation form, then, the first author downsampled the audio recording on January 24, 2008 using CoolEdit 2000 to 44.1 kHz, 16-bit (i.e. standard audio CD quality) applying a low-pass pre-filter to the data in order to prevent aliasing (Ladefoged 1996:139–141). This sampling rate is sufficient for most technical purposes since it covers nearly all acoustic information pertinent to language (Ladefoged 2003:18,26).
The 84-page paper wordlist was digitized in February 2009 by the sixth author on an HP Scanjet 4070 Photosmart Scanner at archival quality (8-bit grayscale, 300 dpi, saved as uncompressed TIFF files, cf. MATRIX 2001). These files were then converted to 100 dpi interlaced GIF files for the presentation form using Adobe Photoshop Elements 3.0.
The first author revised the original broad phonetic transcription to make it internally consistent and conform it to the extant version of the International Phonetic Alphabet (Olson 2005:23–38,183–219; IPA 1999; IPA 2006). This transcription is provided in the IPA column of the wordlist. He generated an orthographic transcription from the phonetic transcription, which is found in the Orthography column of the wordlist. He also added clarifying notes to certain entries, found in the Notes column. In 2005 and 2006 the sixth and seventh authors keyboarded the data into a Microsoft Word document using Unicode 5.1 characters
[http://www.unicode.org ].
In December 2007, the eighth author added to the document cross-references to the published version of the SIL Comparative African Wordlist . These are shown in the SILCAWL column. Cross-references within parentheses represent cases where the cross-reference is related, but there is not a precise semantic match. The first author converted the data to a comma-delimited (CSV) file, and imported them into TableTrans v. 1.2 software (Bird et al. 2002), where the eighth author time-aligned them to the original audio recording at the ILC in February 2008. This annotation was outputted to an XML annotation graph output [http://www.w3.org/XML/ ] and transformed into an XML descriptive wordlist format using an XSLT script.
The original digitized WAV file, the digitized TIFF field transcriptions, the XML descriptive wordlist, a metadata record, and documentation of informed consent constitute the archival form of the wordlist (Olson et al. 2009). The metadata record follows the standard set up by the Open Language Archives Community (OLAC)
[http://www.language-archives.org/OLAC/metadata.html ].⁴ Informed consent was collected under University of Chicago Institutional Review Board protocol 98102. A copy of the archival materials can be ordered on DVD-ROM for a nominal fee from:
The presentation form of the wordlist was then generated from the archival form. An XSLT script was employed to convert the archival XML descriptive wordlist into an HTML presentation wordlist. Then TableTrans was used to automatically create individual sound files corresponding to each of the segments identified in the transcription process for use in the presentation form. The ninth author developed a JavaScript routine to allow for in-browser playing of the MP3 audio files using the Adobe Flash plug-in.
The transcription requires a couple of remarks. First, most verbs were produced in the infinitive form. The infinitive is marked by the prefix [kə́-] accompanied by a low tone [ˋ] on the first syllable of the root (which is underlyingly toneless). Second, the plural is marked by the prefix [à-] (e.g. items 307, 360, and 503).
The data in this wordlist include certain limitations. First, the items are spoken in isolation rather than in carrier sentences. A carrier sentence might help avoid list intonation and make it easier to measure the length of some sounds (e.g. word-initial stops) (cf. Ladefoged 2003:7–8). Second, only one speaker was recorded. Recording a larger number of speakers could help ensure that the data reflect the language as a whole and not an individual’s idiolect. Ladefoged (2003:14) recommends recording half a dozen speakers of each sex. Third, the recording was made with a dynamic microphone, whereas condenser microphones typically provide a better frequency range (cf. Ladefoged 2003:19). Fourth, some of the tokens exhibit distortion, likely due to the speaker being too close to the microphone at times during the recording session.
On the other hand, the project succeeded in following most of the best practice recommendations found in Bird & Simons (2003:574–579) and Simons, Olson & Frank (2007). For example, the entire primary recording and original field transcriptions were digitized at industry-standard archival rates and stored in open (i.e. published) formats. The transcriptions were made in both IPA and orthography, encoded in Unicode, time-aligned to the underlying recording, and stored in an open descriptive markup format. The archival form was deposited into an institutional archive dedicated to the long-term preservation and availability of the resource. A human-readable version of the resource using presentational markup was provided (i.e. this web resource). Finally, the resource was described using metadata listed with an industry-standard repository for resource discovery.
Item
SILCAWL
English
French
Form
IPA
Orthography
Notes
1.
39
abdomen
abdomen
[ɨ̄vɨ̄]
[ɨ̄vɨ̄]
ɨvɨ
ɨ̄vɨ̄ ‘entire abdomen’; tʃábùdú ɨ̄vɨ̄ ‘lower part of abdomen (below navel)’; cf. 10; 64
2.
69
ankle
cheville (du pied)
[pōrōngɔ̄tō àdà]
[pōrōŋɡɔ̄tō àdà]
porongɔto ada
lit. ‘chicken egg of foot’; ndɨ́bɨ̄dà ‘heel’
3.
45
anus
anus
[gōrūyū]
[ɡōrūjū; ōɡōrō ūjū]
goruyu; ogoro uyu
lit. ‘hole for excrement’
4.
50
arm
bras
[kānœ́]
[kānə́]
kanœ
cf. 47; 60; 811
5.
51
armpit
aisselle
[tsákāngā]
[tʃákāŋɡā]
tshakanga
6.
42
back
dos
[òvòrò]
[òvòrò]
ovoro
7.
79
backbone
épine dorsale
[kɔ̄rɔ̄yɔ̄ òvòrò]
[kɔ̄rɔ̄jɔ̄ òvòrò]
kɔrɔyɔ ovoro
lit. ‘back of spine’
8.
44
back; rear; buttocks
derrière; fesses
[bùdú]
[bùdú]
budu
cf. 21
9.
28
beard
barbe
[sùmà]
[sùmà]
suma
10.
39
belly
ventre
[ɨ̄vɨ̄]
[ɨvɨ]
ɨvɨ
historically ɨ̄vɨ̄; but now many say ūvū; cf. 1
11.
99
bile
bile
[grɨ́shì]
[ɡɨ́rɨ́ʃì]
gɨrɨshi
liquid secreted to help digestion; cf. 44; 110
12.
87
bladder
vessie
[dʒīngɨ́ndɨ̄]
[dʒīŋɡɨ́ndɨ̄]
djingɨndɨ
related to ŋɡɨ́ndɨ̄; but dʒi is not a separate word
13.
98
blood
sang
[īndʒī]
[īndʒī]
indji
14.
1
body
corps
[ɔ́kɔ́]
[ɔ́kɔ́]
ɔkɔ
cf. 86; 556; 842; 1041; 1559
15.
74
bone
os
[ngbāɓī]
[ŋɡbāɓī]
ngba'bi
*ɓ>b (change in progress). cf. 536
16.
75
bone marrow
moelle
['bvàlà]
[ⱱ̟àlà]
vwala
17.
81
brain
cerveau
[kprāmēnā]
[kpārāmēnā]
kparamena
common prounciation
18.
34
breast
sein
[ɔ̀ngɔ̀]
[ɔ̀ŋɡɔ̀]
ɔngɔ
cf. 546
19.
78
breastbone
sternum
[màlégò]
[màléɡò]
malego
20.
12
bridge of the nose
arête du nez
[ngbābī ngāwū]
[ŋɡbāɓī ŋɡāwū]
ngba'bi ngawu
lit. ‘bone nose’; cf. 15
21.
44
buttock
fesse
[bùdú]
[bùdú]
budu
cf. 8
22.
68
calf of leg
mollet (des jambes)
[bvɨ́tɨ́]
[ⱱ̟ɨ́tɨ́]
vwɨtɨ
23.
14
cheek
joue
[bàgá]
[bàɡá]
baga
24.
33
chest
poitrine
[òkòrò]
[òkòrò]
okoro
25.
22
chin
menton
[tsândóɓò]
[tʃáàndóɓò]
tshaando'bo
26.
49
clitoris
clitoris
[ēdzē]
[ēdʒē]
edje
27.
3
crown of the head
haut de la tête
[tságbúrú kūmù]
[tʃáɡbúrú kūmù]
tshagburu kumu
28.
13
ear
oreille
[ūtū]
[ūtū]
utu
29.
53
elbow
coude
[díngíní]
[díŋɡíní]
dingini
30.
6
eye
œil
[àlà]
[àlà]
ala
31.
7
eyebrow
sourcil
[sùngúlà]
[sùŋɡúlà]
sungula
cf. 32
32.
9
eyelash
cil
[sùngúlà]
[sùŋɡúlà]
sungula
cf. 31
33.
8
eyelid
paupière
[ɔ́kɔ́ àlà]
[ɔ́kɔ́ àlà]
ɔkɔ ala
34.
5
face
visage
[tsátsū]
[tʃátʃū]
tshatshu
35.
(48)
female genitals
organes génitaux de femme
[màmú]
[màmú]
mamu
cf. 101
36.
331
fetus
fœtus
[kàdá gbòlò]
[kàdá ɡbòlò]
kada gbolo
kàdá ājā nə̀ ‘animal fetus’
37.
59
finger
doigt
[yākɔ̄nœ́]
[jākɔ̄nə́]
yakɔnœ
38.
62
fingernail
ongle
[sùngōpē]
[sùŋɡōpē; ŋɡōpē]
sungope; ngope
sùŋɡōpē kānə́ ‘fingernail’; sùŋɡōpē àdà ‘toenail’
39.
57
fist
poing
[kānœ́ bàlē]
[kānə́ bàlē]
kanœ bale
cf. 105
40.
(89)
flesh
chair
[sóngbā]
[sóŋɡbā]
songba
cf. 68; 903
41.
70
foot
pied
[àdà]
[àdà]
ada
cf. 61; 109
42.
54
forearm
avant-bras
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
43.
4
forehead
front
[pálà]
[pálà]
pala
44.
88
gall bladder
vésicule biliare
[grɨ́shì]
[ɡɨ́rɨ́ʃì]
gɨrɨshi
cf. 11
45.
29
hair on the body
poil (du corps)
[ùsù]
[ùsù]
usu
cf. 535; 538
46.
27
hair (of head)
cheveux
[sùkūmù]
[sùkūmù]
sukumu
47.
56
hand
main
[kanə́]
[kānə́]
kanœ
cf. 4
48.
3
head
tête
[kumù]
[kūmù; kūmà]
kumu; kuma
cf. 1778
49.
82
heart
cœur
[ùlù]
[ùlù]
ulu
50.
71
heel
talon
[ndɨ́vɨ̄dà]
[ndɨ́vɨ̄dà; ndɨ́bɨ̄dà; ndúvūdà]
ndɨvɨda; ndɨbɨda; nduvuda
51.
64
hip
hanche
[màwūtœ̄]
[màwūtə̄]
mawutœ
52.
198
hunch (of hunchback)
bosse (de bossu)
[fùngà]
[fùŋɡà]
funga
53.
86
intestines
intestin
[shœ̄tā]
[ʃə́tá]
shœta
54.
21
jaw
mâchoire
[tsâgāmà]
[tʃáāɡāmà]
tshaagama
55.
—
jaw (bone)
maxilliare
[tsábàgá]
[tʃábàɡá]
tshabaga
56.
(61)
joint
articulation
[kpēkpérœ́]
[kpēkpérə́]
kpekperœ
57.
84
kidney
rein
[œ̄lē]
[ēlē]
ele
cf. 92; 593; 613; 618; 893
58.
66
knee
genou
[kódà]
[kōdà]
koda
59.
26
larynx
larynx
[úwú àngɔ́rɔ́]
[úwú àŋɡɔ́rɔ́]
uwu angɔrɔ
úwú ‘cord’; àŋɡɔ́rɔ́ ‘throat’; àndɨ́rɨ́ɓì ‘uvula’
60.
56
left hand
main gauche
[kanœ́ gèlè]
[kānə́ ɡèlè]
kanœ gele
cf. 4
61.
63
leg
jambe
[àdà]
[àdà]
ada
cf. 41
62.
16
lip
lèvre
[ɔ́kɔ́ àmà]
[ɔ́kɔ́ àmà]
ɔkɔ ama
63.
83
liver
foie
[ə̀bè]
[èbè]
ebe
64.
(39)
lower abdomen
région base de l’abdomen
[tsábùdú ɨ̄vɨ̄]
[tʃábùdú ɨ̄vɨ̄]
tshabudu ɨvɨ
cf. 1
65.
85
lung
poumon
[àwó]
[àwó]
awo
66.
19
molar tooth
dent molaire
[àbángà]
[àbáŋɡà]
abanga
67.
15
mouth
bouche
[àmà]
[àmà]
ama
cf. 655; 1128
68.
89
muscle
muscle
[sóngbā]
[sóŋɡbā]
songba
cf. 40
69.
24
nape of neck
nuque
[vōkā]
[vōkā]
voka
70.
37
navel
nombril
[pēyà]
[pējà]
peya
71.
23
neck
cou
[ɨ̄gɨ̄]
[ɨ̄ɡɨ̄]
ɨgɨ
72.
11
nose
nez
[ngāwū]
[ŋɡāwū]
ngawu
73.
20
palate
palais
[tsélœ́mà]
[tʃə́lə́mà; tʃélə́mà]
tshœlœma; tshelœma
lit. ‘inside mouth’
74.
58
palm of hand
paume
[tsákanœ́]
[tʃákānə́]
tshakanœ
75.
46
penis
pénis
[kóyā]
[kójā]
koya
76.
—
pubes
pubis
[tsápáshé]
[tʃápáʃé]
tshapashe
77.
10
pupil of eye
pupille (de l’œil)
[índʒí àlà]
[índʒí àlà]
indji ala
78.
80
rib
côte
[dʒókòrò]
[dʒókòrò]
djokoro
cf. 15
79.
56
right (hand)
droit (main)
[kūnì]
[kūnì]
kuni
cf. 1771
80.
93
saliva
salive
[ngúshī]
[ŋɡúʃī]
ngushi
81.
67
shin
devant de la jambe; tibia
[ngbɔ̄ngɔ́]
[ŋɡbɔ̄ŋɡɔ́]
ngbɔngɔ
82.
31
shoulder
épaule
[kāngā]
[kāŋɡā; tʃápá kāŋɡā]
kanga; tshapa kanga
cf. 100
83.
32
shoulder blade
omoplate
[làpàrà]
[làpàrà]
lapara
This is where the Mono word for ‘airplane’ comes from.
84.
35
side of body
côté du corps
[tsákàlā kōtē]
[tʃákàlá kótə́]
tshakala kotœ
tʃákàlá ‘other side’; kótə́ ‘body’
85.
76
skeleton
squelette
[āgrā ngbābī]
[āɡārā ŋɡbāɓī]
agara ngba'bi
āɡārā (careful speech)
86.
2
skin (of man)
peau
[ɔ́kɔ́]
[ɔ́kɔ́]
ɔkɔ
cf. 14
87.
77
skull
crâne
[ɔ̄kɔ̄rɔ̄]
[ɔ̄kɔ̄rɔ̄]
ɔkɔrɔ
cf. 15
88.
43
small of back
creux des reins
[kùdú òvòrò]
[kùdú òvòrò]
kudu ovoro
89.
72
sole
plante (de pied)
[tʃâːdà]
[tʃádà; tʃáàdà]
tshada; tshaada
ndə́dà ‘footprint’
90.
40
stomach
estomac
[kœ̀vū]
[kə̀vū]
kœvu
91.
90
tendon
tendon
[ngàrá]
[ŋɡàrá]
ngara
92.
47
testicle
testicule
[œ́lé ndʒōpōrō]
[élé ndʒōpōrō]
ele ndjoporo
cf. 57
93.
65
thigh
cuisse
[ūkū]
[ūkū]
uku
94.
25
throat
gorge
[àngɔ́rɔ́]
[àŋɡɔ́rɔ́; àŋɡóró]
angɔrɔ; angoro
95.
60
thumb
pouce
[àyīkānœ́]
[àjī kānə́]
ayi kanœ
96.
73
toe
orteil
[yɔ̄kɔ̄dɔ̀]
[jɔ̄kɔ̄dɔ̀]
yɔkɔdɔ
97.
17
tongue
langue
[tīmà]
[tīmà]
tima
98.
18
tooth
dent
[īʒī]
[īʒī]
iji
cf. 534; 545
99.
38
umbilical cord
cordon umbilical
[trœ́yè]
[tə́rə́jè]
tœrœye
100.
52
upper arm
haut du bras
[kāngā]
[kāŋɡā; tʃápá kāŋɡā]
kanga; tshapa kanga
cf. 82
101.
48
vagina
vagin
[grō màmú]
[ɡōrōmàmú; ōɡōrō-màmú]
goromamu; ogoro-mamu
cf. 35
102.
91
vein
veine
[kòné]
[kòné; kónə́]
kone; konœ
103.
36
waist
taille
[œ́gœ́rœ́]
[ə́ɡə́rə́]
œgœrœ
104.
(27)
white hair
cheveux blancs
[mbrūsù]
[mbūrūsù]
mburusu
cf. 111
105.
55
wrist
poignée
[kpèkpérə́ kānœ́]
[kpēkpérə́ kānə́]
kpekperœ kanœ
106.
190
baldness
calvitie
[gbāngbālé]
[ɡbāŋɡbālé]
gbangbale
cf. 127
107.
92
breath
souffle; haleine
[kœ́wù fà]
[kə́wū]
kœwu
one token
[kœ́wu]
—
—
one token
108.
102
excrement
excrément
[ūyū]
[ūjū]
uyu
109.
(155)
footstep
pas
[àdà]
[àdà]
ada
cf. 41
110.
99
gall
bile
—
[ɡɨ́rɨ́ʃì]
gɨrɨshi
no recording; cf. 11
111.
(27)
grey hair
cheveux gris
[ə́yérə́ kūmù]
[éjérə́ kūmù]
eyerœ kumu
cf. 104
112.
179
hunger (n)
faim
[ògò]
[òɡò]
ogo
113.
95
nasal mucus
morve
[bīwā]
[bīwā]
biwa
114.
94
phlegm
flegme
[tékō]
[tékɔ̄]
tekɔ
Stuff that comes up when you cough. cf. 207. French gloss should be ‘glaire’
115.
(29)
pubic hair
poils du pubis
[sùtsápáshé]
[sùtʃápáʃé; ùsù tʃápáʃé]
sutshapashe; usu tshapashe
116.
222
scar (n)
cicatrice
[shɨ̄kù]
[ʃīkù; ʃɨ̄kù]
shiku; shɨku
117.
100
semen
semence
[kúzu]
[kúzū]
kuzu
118.
(128;184)
sleep (n)
sommeil
[ōlō]
[ōlō]
olo
cf. 138; 188; 768
119.
1568
smell (n)
odeur
[tsáfù]
[tʃáfù]
tshafu
cf. 189; 1611
120.
97
tears (n)
larmes
[ngólà]
[ŋɡólà]
ngola
121.
181
thirst (n)
soif
[ògò úngú]
[òɡò úŋɡú]
ogo ungu
cf. 725
122.
30
tuft
touffe
[àgbà]
[àɡbà]
agba
cf. 798
123.
101
urine
urine
[ngɨ́ndɨ̄]
[ŋɡɨ́ndɨ̄]
ngɨndɨ
cf. 197
124.
(120)
wind per anum
pet
[kœ́sò ūyū]
[so ūjū]
so uyu
cf. 153
125.
187
wrinkle (on skin) (n)
ride
[kə́kpù ɔ́kɔ́]
[kpu ɔ́kɔ́]
kpu ɔkɔ
126.
239
(be) alive
vivant
[sòró]
[sòró]
soro
cf. 687
127.
190
(be) bald
chauve
[kœ́sœ̀ gbāngbālé]
[ɡbāŋɡbālé]
gbangbale
cf. 106
128.
(172)
(become) bent (w/ age)
se voûter
[kə́bèlègɔ̀]
[belèɡɔ̀]
belegɔ
129.
251
(be) dead
mort
[kùzū]
[òkò ūzū; kùzū]
oko uzu; kuzu
kùzū ‘corpse’. cf. 258
130.
182
(be) drunk
s’envirer
[kœ́mbrœ̀ œ́shó]
[mbərə̀ óʃó]
mbœrœ osho
132.
178
(be) hot (of person)
avoir chaud
[kœ́wò óshó]
[wo óʃó]
wo osho
131.
(337)
(be) fully developed
être adulte; développé
[kœ́gbɔ̀]
[ɡbɔ]
gbɔ
cf. 1236
133.
179
(be) hungry
avoir faim
[kœ́sœ̀ dœ̀ ògò]
[sə də̀ òɡò]
sœ dœ ogo
134.
540
naked
nu
[kpœ̂ndrò]
[kpə́ə̀dòrò]
kpœœdoro
135.
1589
(be) old (not young)
âgé; vieux
[gbɔ́zu]
[ɡbɔ́zū; ɡbózū]
gbɔzu; gbozu
cf. 253
136.
180
(be) sated
être rassasié
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
137.
174
(be) seated
être assis
[kœ́ sœ̀ gàtɨ́]
[sə ɡàtɨ́]
sœ gatɨ
138.
184
(be) sleepy
avoir de sommeil
[kœ́ sœ̀ dœ̀ ōlō]
[sə də̀ ōlō]
sœ dœ olo
cf. 118
139.
(179)
(be) starved
mourir de faim
[kœ́tsù ògò]
[tʃu òɡò]
tshu ogo
140.
181
(be) thirsty
avoir soif
[kœ́sœ̀ dœ̀ ògò úngú]
[sə də̀ òɡò úŋɡú]
sœ dœ ogo ungu
cf. 725
141.
183
(be) tired
être fatigué
[kœ́ mɔ̀ tœ́nœ̀]
[mɔ]
mɔ
cf. 209; 1105; 1123; 1369; 1427; 1443; 1677; 1690; 1702; 1718; 1740; 1755
142.
205
well; (be) healthy
être en bon santé
[kœ́ sœ̀ vóró]
[vóró]
voro
143.
246
(be) young
jeune
[ə̄vōrō ūzū]
[ōvōrō]
ovoro
144.
562
apply (ointment); besmear
appliquer
[kœ́zà gàlœ́ āwā nœ̀]
[za ɡàlə́ āwā nə̀]
za galœ awa nœ
145.
561
bathe (intr.)
se baigner
[kœ́dʒìtɔ̀ kótœ́]
[dʒitɔ̀; dʒutɔ̀]
djitɔ; djutɔ
146.
(561)
bathe (tr.)
baigner
[kœ́dʒìtɔ̀ ūzū]
[dʒitɔ̀; dʒutɔ̀]
djitɔ; djutɔ
147.
244
bear (child); give birth
mettre au monde
[kœ́ zù páshɔ̀]
[zu; zu páʃɔ̀]
zu; zu pashɔ
French should be ‘accoucher’; ‘mettre au monde’ means ‘to deliver’
148.
(244)
beget
engendrer (mettre en grossesse)
[kœ́mbœ̀rœ̀ àngwà]
[mbərə̀ àŋɡo̯à]
mbœrœ angwa
149.
113
belch
roter; éructer
[kə́ʒì]
[ʒi]
ji
150.
124
bleed
saigner (faire saigner)
[kə́tɔ̀ ɨ̄ndʒī]
[tɔ īndʒī]
tɔ indji
151.
105
blow nose
se moucher
[kə́yò bīwā]
[jo bīwā]
yo biwa
152.
245
(be) born
naître
[kə́wùtà gàpá ɔ̀ʃɔ̀]
[wutà ɡàpá ɔ̀ʃɔ̀]
wuta gapa ɔshɔ
153.
120
break wind
péter
[kœ́sò ūyū]
[so ūjū]
so uyu
cf. 124
154.
106
breathe
respirer
[kœ́wùtœ́nœ̀]
[wu]
wu
155.
774
castrate
châtrer
[kœ́òrò œ́lé dʒōpōrō]
[ʔoro élé dʒōpōrō]
'oro ele djoporo
156.
143
chew
mâcher
[kœ́zɨ̀ tsœ́lœ́ œ̀rœ̀]
[zɨ tʃə́lə́ ə̀rə̀]
zɨ tshœlœ œrœ
157.
935
circumcise
circoncire
[kœ́wà gàzá]
[wa ɡàzá]
wa gaza
158.
167
clap (hands) (v)
battre les mains
[kœ́dà kānœ́]
[da kānə́]
da kanœ
159.
(57; 640)
close fist
fermer le poing
[kœ́vù kanœ́]
[vu kānə́]
vu kanœ
160.
(15; 640)
close the mouth
fermer la bouche
[kœ́vù àmà]
[vu àmà]
vu ama
161.
(6; 640)
close (the eyes)
fermer
[kœ́vù àlà]
[vu àlà]
vu ala
162.
125
coagulate
coaguler
[kœ́kpɔ̀]
[kpɔ]
kpɔ
163.
(567)
comb (v)
se peigner
[kœ́sàrà kumu]
[sarà kūmù]
sara kumu
164.
(487)
conceive
concevoir; devenir enceinte
[kœ́sœ̀ dœ̀ nguzù]
[sə də̀ ŋɡūzù]
sœ dœ nguzu
[kə́sə̀ də̀ īndʒī]
[sə də̀ īndʒī]
sœ dœ indji
165.
487
copulate
se coucher avec
[kœ́lò dœ̀]
[lo də̀]
lo dœ
lit. ‘to sleep/lie with’; French should be ‘copuler’
166.
142
crunch
croquer
[kœ́lò]
[lo də̀ īʒī]
lo dœ iji
167.
272
cry; weep
pleurer
[kœ́kɨ̀]
[kɨ]
kɨ
168.
564
cut hair
couper les cheveux
[kœ́lɨ̀ sùkumù]
[lɨ sùkūmù]
lɨ sukumu
169.
121
defecate
déféquer
[kœ́nì uyu]
[ni ūjū]
ni uyu
170.
149
drink
boire
[kœ́nʒò]
[ndʒo]
ndjo
171.
140
eat
manger
[kœ́zɨ̀]
[zɨ]
zɨ
172.
127
faint
tomber évanoui
[kœ́mbòmbò]
[mbombò]
mbombo
173.
137
feel
se sentir
[kœ́wù tsélé ɔ́kɔ́]
[wu tʃə́lə́ ɔ́kɔ́]
wu tshœlœ ɔkɔ
174.
231
give pain; hurt; (be) bitter; sharp
piquer
[kœ́tɔ̀]
[tɔ; tɔ ndàwò]
tɔ; tɔ ndawo
175.
144
gnaw
ronger
[kœ́lò kóté]
[lo kóté]
lo kote
176.
1426
grasp; hold in arm
tenir
[kœ́tèpá uzu]
[tèpá]
tepa
cf. 1060
177.
559
(make facial) incisions; tattoo
inciser le visage
[kœ́wà àtɨ́]
[wa àtɨ́]
wa atɨ
178.
133
look; see
regarder; voir
[kœ́tòndœ́]
[to ndə́]
to ndœ
[kówù]
[wu]
wu
179.
(15; 639)
open the mouth
ouvrir la bouche
[kœ́kɔ̀rɔ̀ àmà]
[kɔrɔ̄ àmà]
kɔrɔ ama
[kœ́-à àmà]
—
—
180.
118
palpitate
palpiter
[kœ́tɔ̀ lɔ̀sù]
[tɔ lɔ̀sù]
tɔ lɔsu
181.
123
perspire
suer
[kœ́tɔ̀ ɨlɨ]
[tɔ ɨ̄lɨ̄]
tɔ ɨlɨ
182.
185
rest (v)
se reposer
[kœ́yàtœ́ ə́shó]
[ja tə́ óʃó]
ya tœ osho
183.
1449
rub between the fingers
frotter entre les doigts
[kœ́krɔ̀nɔ̀]
[kɔrɔ̀nɔ̀]
kɔrɔnɔ
also for rubbing hands and rubbing your body when washing yourself. cf. 1964
184.
1451
scratch
érafler; égratigner
[kœ́ngùrù kōtē]
[ŋɡurù kótə́]
nguru kotœ
for rubbing skin/fur in order to get dirt off.
185.
131
see
voir
[kœ́wù œ́shó]
[wu]
wu
186.
122
shiver
frissonner; trembler
[kœ́dè gbàrá gbàrá]
[de ɡbàrá-ɡbàrá]
de gbara-gbara
187.
1038
show teeth
montrer les dents
[kœ́'è ɨʒi]
[ʔe īʒī]
'e iji
188.
128
sleep (v)
dormir
[kœ́lò olo]
[lo ōlō]
lo olo
cf. 118
189.
136
smell (v)
sentir
[kœ́dʒì tʃáfù]
[dʒi tʃáfù]
dji tshafu
cf. 119
190.
108
snore
ronfler
[kœ́ngrɨ̀]
[ŋɡɨrɨ̀]
ngɨrɨ
191.
111
spit (v)
cracher
[kœ́yò ngūʃī]
[jo ŋɡūʃī]
yo ngushi
[kə́tù ngūʃī]
[tu ŋɡúʃī]
tu ngushi
192.
148
suck
sucer
[kœ́ndʒòrò]
[ndʒorò]
ndjoro
193.
145
swallow (v)
avaler
[kœ́mèrœ̀]
[merə̀]
merœ
194.
160
swim
nager
[kœ́dò úngú]
[dɔ úŋɡú]
dɔ ungu
195.
139
taste (v)
goûter
[kœ́dʒì ɔtsɔ œ̀rœ̀]
[dʒi ɔ́tʃɔ́ ə̀rə̀]
dji ɔtshɔ œrœ
196.
138
touch (v)
toucher
[kœ́tùrù tœ́ œ́ʃó]
[turù tə́ óʃó]
turu tœ osho
197.
119
urinate
uriner
[kœ́ì ngɨ́ndɨ]
[ʔi ŋɡɨ́ndɨ̄]
'i ngɨndɨ
cf. 123
198.
130
wake up (intr.)
se réveiller
[kœ́ʒò tœ́nœ̀]
[ʒo]
jo
199.
(130)
wake up (tr.)
réveiller
[kœ́ʒò uzu]
[ʒo]
jo
200.
—
warm oneself
se rechauffer
[kœ́sœ̀ ɨ̀ndɨ̀rɨ̀ òwò]
[sə ɨ̀ndɨ̀rɨ̀ òwò]
sœ ɨndɨrɨ owo
‘to warm oneself at a fire’; sə tə́ ɔ̀lɔ̀ ‘to warm oneself by the sun’
201.
537
wear (clothes)
porter (des vêtements); s’habiller
[kœ́vèrœ̀]
[verə̀]
verœ
202.
(104)
wink at
lancer un clin d’œil
[kœ́kɔ̀ àlà]
[kɔ àlà]
kɔ ala
203.
107
yawn (v)
bâiller
[kœ́ɨ̀mà]
[ʔɨmà]
'ɨma
204.
212
abscess (n)
abcès
[àgɨ́ngɨ́]
[àɡɨ́ŋɡɨ́]
agɨngɨ
àɡɨ́ŋɡɨ́ ‘small abscess’; làmbó ‘large abscess’
205.
215
bruise (n)
contusion
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
206.
216
(slight) burn (n)
brûlure (légère)
[kpòndòrò òwò]
[kpòndòrò òwò]
kpondoro owo
207.
(112)
cough (n)
tousse
[tékɔ̄]
[tékɔ̄]
tekɔ
cf. 114; 243
208.
225
elephantiasis
éléphantiasis
[kòɓà mbàlà]
[kòɓà mbàlà]
ko'ba mbala
209.
(183)
fatigue
fatigue
[kœ́mɔ̀]
[kə́mɔ̀]
kœmɔ
The French should be ‘épuisement’. cf. 141
210.
229
fever (not malaria)
fièvre
[kœ́wò tsœ́l'ɔ́kɔ́]
[kə́wò tʃə́lə́ ɔ́kɔ́]
kœwo tshœlœ ɔkɔ
211.
217
goiter
goitre
[gòyó]
[ɡòjó; ɡōjé]
goyo; goye
cf. 531
212.
(234)
heartburn
brûlures d’estomac
[tsálàsù wówò]
[tʃálàsù wówò]
tshalasu wowo
213.
218
hernia
hernie
[úndú]
[úndú]
undu
214.
114
hiccough (n)
hoquet
[káɗàwú]
[káɗàwú]
ka'dawu
215.
220
hurt (n) (a sore)
plaie
[ùkù]
[ùkù]
uku
cf. 228
216.
224
illness
maladie
[kòɓà]
[kòɓà; kòbà]
ko'ba; koba
cf. 242; 248; 302
217.
223
intestinal worm
vers de ventre
[málengɔ́rɔ́]
[málēŋɡɔ́rɔ́]
malengɔrɔ
218.
237
itch (the itch)
démangeaison
[kœ́sɔ̀ kótœ́]
[sɔ kótə́]
sɔ kotœ
219.
227
leprosy
lèpre
[kòɓà kota]
[kòɓà kōtā]
ko'ba kota
220.
228
malaria (fever)
paludisme
[kòɓà ɨ̀zì]
[kòɓà ɨ̀zɨ̀]
ko'ba ɨzɨ
221.
(234)
nausea
nausée
[kœ́òmà lɔ̀sù]
[kə́ʔòmà lɔ̀sù]
kœ'oma lɔsu
222.
230
pain (n)
douleur
[tœ́kœ́kà]
[tə́kə́kà]
tœkœka
223.
188
pimple
bouton (sur la peau)
[àgbɨvɨ]
[àɡbɨ̄vɨ̄]
agbɨvɨ
224.
(241)
pregnancy
grossesse
[ngūzù]
[ŋɡūzù]
nguzu
cf. 241
225.
221
pus
pus
[ɔ̄sɔ̄]
[ɔ̄sɔ̄]
ɔsɔ
226.
226
ringworm
teigne
[kœ́yèrœ̀]
[jerə̀]
yerœ
verb
227.
—
smallpox
petite vérole
[ndʒèkē]
[ndʒə̀kē]
ndjœke
228.
220
sore (n)
plaie
[ùkù]
[ùkù]
uku
no recording; cf. 215
229.
213
swelling
gonflement
[kœ́mèrœ̀]
[merə̀]
merœ
‘to swell’ (v)
[úndú]
[úndú]
undu
230.
219
ulcer
ulcère
[ùkù gbàdʒà]
[ùkù ɡbàdʒà]
uku gbadja
231.
220
wound (n)
blessure
[áka]
[ākā]
aka
232.
(195)
barren (of living being)
stérile (être vivant)
[mara]
[mārā]
mara
cf. 238
233.
(191)
being one-eyed
le fait d’avoir un œil
[bàlelà]
[bàlēlà]
balela
234.
191
(be) blind
aveugle
[bulà]
[būlà]
bula
noun
235.
199
(be) crippled
être estropié
[gbádà]
[ɡbádà]
gbada
noun; speaker added [àjī ɡbádà]; cf. 239
236.
197
(be) deaf
sourd
[bitu]
[bītū]
bitu
noun; cf. 279
237.
197
(be) dumb
muet
[tɔ̄ndù]
[tɔ̄ndù]
tɔndu
noun; cf. 280
238.
194
impotent; sterile
stérile
[mara]
[mārā]
mara
cf. 232; 271; 304
239.
(199)
(be) lame
boiteux
[gbádà]
[ɡbádà]
gbada
noun; cf. 235
240.
(199)
(be) mutilated
être mutilé
[kœ́tà àdà]
[ta àdà]
ta ada
241.
241
(be) pregnant
enceinte
[kœ́sœ̀ dœ̀ ngūzù]
[sə də̀ ŋɡūzù]
sœ dœ nguzu
cf. 224
242.
206
sick
malade
[kòɓà]
[kòɓà; kòbà]
ko'ba; koba
cf. 216; 248
243.
112
cough (v)
tousser
[kœ́tèkɔ̀]
[tekɔ̀]
tekɔ
cf. 207
244.
249
die
mourir
[kœ́tʃù]
[tʃu]
tshu
cf. 1807; 1865
245.
—
extract a thorn
extraire une épine
[kœ́'bvà ɨ̀shì]
[ⱱ̟a ìʃì]
vwa ishi
246.
236
have diarrhea
avoir la diarrhée
[kœ́sœ̀ dœ̀ áwá]
[sə də̀ áwá]
sœ dœ awa
247.
207
hurt oneself
se blesser
[kœ́gbɔ̀ ùkù]
[ɡbɔ̀ ùkù]
gbɔ uku
248.
206
(be) ill
être malade
[kœ́sœ̀ dœ̀ koɓà]
[sə də̀ kòɓà]
sœ dœ ko'ba
cf. 216; 242
249.
—
infect
infecter
[kœ́ndʒèngèlè]
[ndʒeŋɡèlè]
ndjengele
250.
147
lick
lécher
[kœ́là]
[la]
la
251.
115
sneeze (v)
éternuer
[kœ́ngèsà]
[ŋɡesà]
ngesa
252.
233
vomit (v)
vomir
[kœ́ndzà]
[ndʒa]
ndja
cf. 1975
253.
337
adult
adulte
[gbɔ́zū]
[ɡbɔ́zū; ɡbózū]
gbɔzu; gbozu
cf. 135; 293; 294; 373; 375; 1655
254.
868
army
armée
[tʃá tùrúgù]
[tʃátùrúɡù]
tshaturugu
255.
332
baby
bébé
[àwáyà]
[àwájà]
awaya
256.
335
boy
garçon
[gbòlò yakoshe]
[ɡbòlò jākōʃē]
gbolo yakoshe
cf. 257
257.
334
child
enfant
[gbòlò]
[ɡbòlò]
gbolo
258.
953
corpse
cadavre
[òkò uzu]
[òkò ūzū; kùzū]
oko uzu; kuzu
cf. 129
259.
391
crowd
foule
[ndɨ́bvɨ́rɨ́]
[ndɨ́ⱱ̟ɨ́rɨ́]
ndɨvwɨrɨ
260.
(251)
dead man
homme mort
[yakoshe kùzū]
[jākōʃē kùzū]
yakoshe kuzu
cf. 258
261.
(329)
female
féminin
[úyú]
[újú]
uyu
262.
380
friend
ami
[yangá]
[jāŋɡá]
yanga
cf. 1386; 1389; 1440
263.
336
girl
fille
[gbòlò yashe]
[ɡbòlò jāʃē]
gbolo yashe
cf. 257
264.
328
male
homme
[àkɔ̄]
[àkɔ̄]
akɔ
265.
(354)
offspring
descendance
[àlɨ́vù]
[àlɨ́vù]
alɨvu
French should be ‘progéniture’
266.
326
person
personne
[uzu]
[ūzū]
uzu
267.
377
tribe
tribu
[màra]
[màrā]
mara
cf. 323
268.
329
woman
femme (femelle)
[yashe]
[jāʃē]
yashe
269.
(334)
youth
jeunesse
[œvoro]
[ōvōrō]
ovoro
270.
(338)
bachelor
célibataire
[àngrà]
[àŋɡàrà]
angara
271.
195
barren woman
femme stérile
[yashe mara]
[jāʃē mārā]
yashe mara
cf. 232; 238
272.
405
beggar
mendiant
[àyiwùtɨ̀]
[àjī wùtɨ̀]
ayi wutɨ
273.
—
black man
noir
[ubu uzu]
[ūbū ūzū]
ubu uzu
274.
196
blind man
aveugle
[bulà]
[būlà]
bula
275.
528
bush dweller
broussard
[àyi gusu]
[àjī ɡūsū]
ayi gusu
276.
876
captive
captif
[kàngà]
[kàŋɡà]
kanga
cf. 303
277.
310
coward
lâche
[àyī àwà]
[àjī àwà]
ayi awa
cf. 1363
278.
199
cripple (n)
estropié
[gbakɨndɨ]
[ɡbākɨ́ndɨ̄]
gbakɨndɨ
279.
197
deaf man
sourd
[bitu]
[bītū]
bitu
cf. 236
280.
197
deaf mute
sourd-muet
[tandù]
[tāndù]
tandu
cf. 237
281.
200
dwarf; pygmy
nain
[nœ̄kpɔ̄rɔ̄]
[nə̄kpɔ̄rɔ̄]
nœkpɔrɔ
282.
386
enemy
adversaire
[àyikumù]
[àjī kūmù]
ayi kumu
French could also be ‘ennemi’
283.
395
female slave
esclave (femme)
[yashe kàngà]
[jāʃē kàŋɡà]
yashe kanga
cf. 303
284.
201
giant
géant
[hàrá]
[hàrá]
hara
285.
384
guest
invité
[gènè]
[ɡènè]
gene
cf. 287
286.
(205)
healthy person
personne en bonne santé
[tshè sœ́ vóró]
[vóró]
voro
287.
383
host (n)
hôte
[àyī àgènè]
[àjī àɡènè]
ayi agene
cf. 285
288.
198
hunchback
bossu
[àyī fùngà]
[àjī fùŋɡà]
ayi funga
289.
1586
important person
personne grande
[œ́gérœ́ uzu]
[éɡérə́ ūzū]
egerœ uzu
cf. 291; 293; 373
290.
527
inhabitant; person of
originaire
[àyogo]
[àjōɡō]
ayogo
French should be ‘habitant’; cf. originaire ‘native’
291.
(392)
king
roi
[œ́gérœ́ uzu]
[éɡérə́ ūzū]
egerœ uzu
chef; cf. 289
292.
(395)
male slave
esclave mâle
[yakoshe kàngà]
[jākōʃē kàŋɡà]
yakoshe kanga
cf. 303
293.
394
master
patron
[œ́gérœ́ uzu]
[éɡérə́ ūzū]
egerœ uzu
no recording; French should be ‘maître’; cf. patron ‘boss’; cf. 289
[gbozu]
[ɡbɔ́zū]
gbɔzu
no recording; cf. 253
294.
340
old man
vieillard
[yagbɔ́zu]
[jāɡbɔ́zū]
yagbɔzu
cf. 253
295.
340
old woman
vieille femme
[yawazà]
[jāwāzà]
yawaza
296.
373
orphan
orphelin
[yasuru]
[jāsūrū]
yasuru
297.
812
owner
propriétaire
[àyōngɔ̀ œ̀rœ̀]
[àjēŋɡɔ̀ ə̀rə̀]
ayengɔ œrœ
298.
814
poor man
pauvre
[àyi òyò]
[àjī òjò]
ayi oyo
299.
876
prisoner
prisonnier
[kàngà]
[kàŋɡà]
kanga
cf. 303
300.
813
rich man
patron; riche
[àyi ngèndʒà]
[àjī ŋɡèndʒà]
ayi ngendja
301.
404
servant
serviteur
[àyi àkwà]
[àjī àko̯à]
ayi akwa
302.
(206)
sick person
personne malade
[àyi kòɓà]
[àjī kòɓà]
ayi ko'ba
cf. 216
303.
395
slave
esclave
[kàngà]
[kàŋɡà]
kanga
cf. 276; 283; 292; 299
304.
(195)
sterile person
personne stérile
[àyi mara]
[àjī mārā]
ayi mara
cf. 238
305.
385
stranger
étranger
[kara]
[kārā]
kara
306.
202
stupid person
personne stupide
[wùsœ́tœ́wú]
[wùsə́tə́wú]
wusœtœwu
307.
333
twin
jumeaux
[àméya]
[méjā]
meya
‘jumeaux’ is plural.
308.
333
twin (female)
jumelle
[méya]
[méjā]
meya
cf. 307
309.
333
twin (male)
jumeau
[méya]
[méjā]
meya
no recording; cf. 307
310.
330
white man
blanc
[mbùndʒú]
[mbùndʒú]
mbundju
311.
371
widow
veuve
[yashe koyà]
[jāʃē kōjà]
yashe koya
312.
338
young man
jeune homme
—
[ɡbòlò jākōʃē]
gbolo yakoshe
no recording
313.
(339)
young woman
jeunne femme
[gbòlò yashe]
[ɡbòlò jāʃē]
gbolo yashe
314.
(380)
age group
groupe (selon âge)
[àʔàtrà nə́-]
[àtàrà]
atara
French should be ‘tranche d’âge’
315.
342
ancestor
ancêtre
[dʒùyu]
[dʒùjū]
djuyu
316.
351
aunt (father’s sister)
tante (sœur du père)
[à'á]
[àʔá]
a'a
317.
374
boyfriend
petit ami
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
318.
346
brother
frère
[áyá]
[ájá]
aya
no recording; cf. 319
319.
346
brother (her); (his) sister
son frère; sa sœur
[áyá nœ̀]
[ájá nə̀]
aya nœ
‘son frère’
[yúngɔ́ nœ̀]
[júŋɡɔ́ nə̀]
yungɔ nœ
‘sa sœur’
320.
367
brother-in-law
beau-frère
[mbeya]
[mbējā]
mbeya
cf. 360
321.
368
brother-in-law; sister-in-law
beau-frère; belle-sœur
[mbeya]
[mbējā]
mbeya
‘beau-frère’
[wòmbá]
[wòmbá]
womba
‘belle sœur’
322.
346
(elder) brother
frère aîné
[ágbɔnœ]
[ɔ́ɡbɔ́]
ɔgbɔ
323.
378
clan
clan
[àyabó]
[àjābó; ájá ōɡō]
ayabo; aya ogo
jābó ‘member of clan’; cf. 267
324.
352
cousin
cousin
[yùwú]
[jìwú; jùwú]
yiwu; yuwu
325.
356
daughter
fille
—
—
—
no entry; no recording; cf. 257; 263; 368
326.
370
daughter-in-law
belle-fille
[yìnɨ́]
[jìnɨ́]
yinɨ
327.
354; 357
descendant; grand-child
descendant
—
[átà]
ata
no recording; French: also ‘petit-enfant’; cf. 337
328.
379
family
famille
[àlɨ́vù]
[àlɨ́vù]
alɨvu
329.
344
father
père
[àbá]
[àbá]
aba
330.
365
father-in-law
beau-père
[àbámbeya]
[àbá mbējā]
aba mbeya
331.
348
father’s brother
frère du père
[ɨ̀ngɨ̀-àbá]
[ɨ̀ŋɡɨ̀ àbá]
ɨngɨ aba
cf. 370
332.
343
father; grandfather
père; grand-père
—
[àbá; átà]
aba; ata
no recording; cf. 329; 342
333.
344
(your) father
ton père
—
[àbá zə̀]
aba zœ
no recording; cf. 329
334.
364
fellow-wife
co-épouse
[àyíngá]
[àjíŋɡá]
ayinga
335.
353
firstborn
aîné
[éyà]
[éjà]
eya
336.
375
girlfriend
petite amie
[uzu nə́…]
[ūzū nə́]
uzu nœ
lit. ‘person of…’
337.
357
grandchild
petit-enfant
[átà]
[átà]
ata
also ‘grandparent’ cf. 342
338.
(357)
granddaughter
petite-fille
[átà]
[átà]
ata
cf. 337
339.
343
grandfather
grand-père
—
[átà]
ata
no recording; cf. 342
340.
343
grandmother
grand-mère
—
[átà]
ata
no recording; cf. 342
341.
343
(my) grandmother
ma grande-mère
[átà mœ (tœ̀ yashe)]
[átà mə̄]
ata mœ
cf. 342
342.
343
grandparent
grand-parent
[átà]
[átà]
ata
no recording; also ‘grandchild’ cf. 337
343.
357
grandson
petit-fils
—
[átà]
ata
no recording; cf. 337
344.
341
he who begets (parent)
parent (père ou mère)
[àyongò kœ́zùmœ]
[àjēŋɡɔ̀ kə́zùmə̄]
ayengɔ kœzumœ
345.
344
his father
son père
[àbá nœ̀]
[àbá nə̀]
aba nœ
346.
345
his mother
sa mère
[àyi nœ̀]
[àjī nə̀]
ayi nœ
no recording
347.
362
husband
mari
[àkɔ]
[àkɔ̄]
akɔ
348.
345
mother
mère
[íyá]
[íjā]
iya
349.
366
mother-in-law
belle-mère
[àyimbeya]
[àjī mbējā]
ayi mbeya
350.
349
mother’s brother
oncle maternel
[àʔú]
[àʔú]
a'u
351.
350
mother’s sister
sœur de la mère
[ɨ̀ngɨ̀ àyi]
[ɨ̀ŋɡɨ̀ àjī]
ɨngɨ ayi
cf. 370
352.
345
(your) mother
ta mère
[àyi zœ̀]
[àjī zə̀]
ayi zœ
353.
344
my father
mon père
[àbá mœ]
[àbá mə̄]
aba mœ
354.
345
my mother
ma mère
[àyi mœ]
[àjī mə̄]
ayi mœ
no recording
355.
360
namesake
originaire d’une appellation
[kœ́tò lœ́ ɨ-ɨrɨ]
[kə́tò lə́ ɨ̄ʔɨ̄rɨ̄]
kœto lœ ɨ'ɨrɨ
356.
358
nephew
neveu
[yìwú]
[jìwú]
yiwu
357.
(358)
niece
nièce
[yìwú]
[jìwú]
yiwu
no recording
358.
363
principal wife
première femme
[àyondɔ̀]
[àjōndɔ̀]
ayondɔ
359.
341
relative
parent
[ɨ̀ngɨ̀ àbá]
[ɨ̀ŋɡɨ̀ àbà]
ɨngɨ aba
‘father’s brother’; cf. 331; cf. àjībó ‘relative’
[ɨ̀ngɨ̀ àyi]
[ɨ̀ŋɡɨ̀ àjī]
ɨngɨ ayi
‘mother’s sister’; cf. 351
360.
361
relative by marriage
parent par alliance
[àmbeya]
[mbējā]
mbeya
the husband’s in-laws; cf. 320
361.
346; 347
sibling
frère / sœur
[áyá / yúngɔ́]
[ájá / júŋɡɔ́]
aya / yungɔ
no recording
362.
347
sister
sœur
[yúngɔ́]
[júŋɡɔ́]
yungɔ
no recording
363.
368
sister-in-law
belle-sœur
[wòmbá]
[wòmbá]
womba
364.
347
(elder) elder
aînée
[éyà yāwūrù]
[éjà jāwūrù]
eya yawuru
cf. 335
365.
347
(younger) sister
sœur cadette
[ɨ̀ngɨ̀ yúngɔ́]
[ɨ̀ŋɡɨ̀ júŋɡɔ́]
ɨngɨ yungɔ
cf. 370
366.
355
son
fils
[gbòlò yākōshē]
[ɡbòlò jākōʃē]
gbolo yakoshe
cf. 368
367.
369
son-in-law
gendre (beau-fils)
[àbá mbēya]
[àbá mbējā]
aba mbeya
no recording
368.
355; 356
son/daughter
enfant (d’un père)
[gbòlò]
[ɡbòlò]
gbolo
no recording
369.
363
wife
épouse
[àwo]
[àwō]
awo
370.
346; 347
younger sibling
cadet
[ɨ̀ngɨ̀]
[ɨ̀ŋɡɨ̀]
ɨngɨ
no recording
371.
399
blacksmith
forgeron
[àyī ndàwò]
[àjī ndàwò]
ayi ndawo
372.
402
butcher
boucher
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
373.
392
chief; headman
chef / roi
[gbɔ́zu ogo]
[ɡbɔ́zū ōɡō]
gbɔzu ogo
cf. 253; 289; 375
374.
(409)
doctor
médicin
[àyi ɔyɔ]
[àjī ɔ̄jɔ̄]
ayi ɔyɔ
375.
393
elder
ancien
[œ̄ngbóro]
—
—
archaic form
[gbɔ́zū]
[ɡbɔ́zū; ɡbózū]
gbɔzu; gbozu
cf. 253
376.
396
farmer
agriculteur
[àyikœ́dʒòkɨndɨ]
[àjī kə́ndʒò kɨ̄ndɨ̄]
ayi kœndjo kɨndɨ
377.
410
fetish priest
fétichiste
[àyi ɔyɔ]
[àjī ɔ̄jɔ̄]
ayi ɔyɔ
378.
397
fisherman
pêcheur
[àyi kœ́wò-àgeà-ngú]
[àjī kə́wò àɡe̯àŋɡú]
ayi kœwo agyangu
379.
398
hunter
chasseur
[àyi kœ́wò-àgeà-gusu]
[àjī kə́wò àɡe̯à ɡūsū]
ayi kœwo agya gusu
380.
409
medicine man
guérisseur
[àyi kə́ʃè azu]
[àjī ɔ̄jɔ̄]
ayi ɔyɔ
381.
390
messenger
négociant
[àyi àbvá]
[àjī àⱱ̟á]
ayi avwa
[àyi kœ́gùmàó'o]
[àjī kə́ɡùmà òʔò]
ayi kœguma o'o
382.
408
midwife
sage-femme
[àyilèfà]
[àjī lèfà]
ayi lefa
383.
400
potter
potier
[àyi kœ́mbrœ̀ gbārœ̀ ótó]
[àjī kə́mbə̀rə̀ ɡbārə̀ ótó]
ayi kœmbœrœ gbarœ oto
384.
407
prostitute
prostituée
[gugàtɨ́]
[ɡūɡàtɨ́]
gugatɨ
385.
406
soldier
soldat
[tùrúgù]
[tùrúɡù]
turugu
386.
411
sorcerer
sorcier
[àyiràwò]
[àjī ràwò]
ayi rawo
cf. 391
387.
388
thief
voleur
[àyiangba]
[àjī āŋɡbā; àjēŋɡɔ̀ āŋɡbā]
ayi angba; ayengɔ angba
cf. 1207
388.
403
trader
négociant
—
—
—
no entry; no recording; cf. 381
389.
844
traveler
voyageur
[móròpágo]
[móròpáɡō]
moropago
390.
401
weaver
tisserand
[àyi kə́ɓì lóbà]
[àjī kœ́bì lóbà]
ayi kœbi loba
391.
412
witch
sorcière
[àyiràwò]
[àjī ràwò]
ayi rawo
no recording; cf. 386
392.
1007
aardvark (antbear)
oryctérope
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
393.
1101
agama lizard (red-headed)
margouillat (à tête rouge)
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
394.
957
animal
animal
[àgèà]
[àɡe̯à]
agya
395.
1005
antelope
antilope
[wògà]
[wòɡà]
woga
396.
1002
baboon
babouin
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
397.
1019
bat
chauve-souris
[pélézu]
[pélézù]
pelezu
398.
1019
bat (large)
chauve-souris (grande)
[bràkàngbà]
[bàràkàŋɡbà]
barakangba
399.
1020
(fruit) bat
roussette
[ko'èà]
[kōʔe̯à]
ko'ya
400.
1120
bedbug
punaise des lits
[kuku]
[kūkū]
kuku
401.
1041
bird
oiseau
[yɔnu]
[jānū; jɔ̄nū]
yanu; yɔnu
402.
997
buffalo
buffle
[agwa]
[āɡo̯ā]
agwa
403.
(1005)
bush buck
guib harnaché
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
404.
1011
cane rat
aulacode
[gūʒà]
[ɡuzà]
guza
cf. 455
[yāsù]
[jásù]
yasu
[ɔ̀dʒɔ̀]
[àŋɡɔ́]
angɔ
405.
1084
catfish
silure; (poisson chat)
—
[jāⱱ̟èlè]
yavwele
no recording
406.
1102
chameleon
caméléon
[kœ̀léngɔ̀ngɔ̀]
[kə̀léŋɡɔ̀ŋɡɔ̀]
kœlengɔngɔ
407.
1022
civet cat (also paka wa zabadi)
civette
[yòmbá]
[jòmbá]
yomba
cf. 467
[àtú]
[àtú]
atu
[ngbāngēwò]
[ŋɡbāŋɡēwò]
ngbangewo
408.
1096
cobra
cobra
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
409.
1091
crab
crabe
[kongo]
[kōŋɡō]
kongo
410.
1105
crocodile
crocodile
[mbélénga]
[mbēlēŋɡā; mbéléŋɡā]
mbelenga
411.
1042
crow
corneille
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
412.
1043
dove
colombe
[mbèpà]
[mbèpà]
mbepa
413.
980
duck
canard
[sárábà]
[sárábà]
saraba
[kɔ̀kɔ̀lɔ̀]
—
—
loan (from Lingala?)
414.
1055
eagle
aigle
[kpɨ̀kpɨ̀]
[kpɨ̀kpɨ̀]
kpɨkpɨ
415.
1086
eel
anguille
[ya'ɔ̀ngɔ̀]
[jáʔɔ̀ŋɡɔ̀]
ya'ɔngɔ
416.
995
elephant
éléphant
[mbàlà]
[mbàlà]
mbala
417.
1083
fish
poisson
[àgèà tsálàngú]
[àɡe̯à tʃálàŋɡú; àɡe̯àŋɡú]
agya tshalangu; agyangu
418.
(1041)
fowl
oiseaux
[àyānū]
[jānū; jɔ̄nū]
yanu; yɔnu
àjānū is plural form. French should be ‘volaille’
419.
1106
frog
grenouille
[zɔrɔngɔ]
[ʔɔ̄rɔŋɡɔ̄]
'ɔrɔngɔ
420.
(1005)
gazelle
gazelle (gén.)
[mbele]
[mbēlē]
mbele
421.
1103
gecko
gecko
[kàdángérē]
[kàdáŋɡérē]
kadangere
422.
1023
genet
genette
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
423.
999
giraffe
giraffe
[wulya]
[wūle̯ā]
wulya
424.
979
guinea fowl
pintade
[kòmbá]
[kòmbá]
komba
425.
1016
hare
lièvre
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
426.
(1005)
hartebeest
bubale
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
427.
1056
hawk
faucon
[kómádīrɨ̄]
[kómádīrɨ̄]
komadirɨ
428.
1048
heron
héron
[ndùrùgòyó]
[ndùrùɡòjó]
ndurugoyo
429.
996
hippo
hippopotame
[kɔ̀nɔ́]
[kɔ̀nɔ́]
kɔnɔ
cf. 456
430.
1003
hyena
hyène
—
[ŋɡbōbōlō; àⱱ̟ɨ́]
ngbobolo; avwɨ
no recording
431.
(1100)
iguana
iguane; varan terrestre
[kome]
[kōmē]
kome
432.
1004
jackal
chacal
[tsǎlà]
[tʃàálà]
tshaala
hyrax?
433.
(1041)
kite
milan
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
434.
(1005)
kudu
antilope (koudou)
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
435.
1024
leopard
léopard
[múrú]
[múrú]
muru
436.
1025
lion
lion
[bāmàrā]
[bāmàrā]
bamara
437.
1100
lizard
lézard
[kɔdʒɔ́]
[kɔ̄dʒɔ́]
kɔdjɔ
438.
1014
mole
taupe
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
439.
(1091)
mollusk (fresh water)
mollusque de rivière (moule; huitre)
[mbàmbà]
[mbàmbà]
mbamba
440.
1015
mongoose
mangouste
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
441.
1104
monitor lizard
varan
[zɨngɨ]
[zɨ̄ŋɡɨ̄]
zɨngɨ
442.
1001
monkey
singe
[kɔ́ɗɔ̀]
[kɔ́ɗɔ̀]
kɔɗɔ
443.
1009
mouse
souris
[guʒà]
[ɡūzà]
guza
444.
1085
mudfish
poisson
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
445.
1053
ostrich
autruche
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
446.
1054
owl
hibou
[kpùrùkùtù]
[kpùrùkùtù]
kpurukutu
447.
1008
pangolin (scaly anteater)
fourmilier / pangolin
[krógbà]
[kóróɡbà]
korogba
448.
1045
parrot
perroquet
[pákulú]
[pákūlú]
pakulu
449.
1046
partridge
perdrix
[doro]
[dōrō]
doro
450.
(1041)
pigeon
pigeon
[mbèpà]
—
—
domestic pigeon
[lìwà]
[lìwà]
liwa
wild pigeon
451.
1018
porcupine
porc-épic
[bìrùlú]
[bìrùlú]
birulu
452.
1097
puff adder
vipère heurtante
[nɨ̀kpɨ̀]
[nɨ̀kpɨ̀]
nɨkpɨ
cf. 458
453.
1098
python
python (boa)
[bówo]
[bówō]
bowo
large boa
454.
(1016)
rabbit
lapin
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
455.
1010
rat
rat
[yāsù]
[jásù; àŋɡɔ́; ɡuzà]
yasu; angɔ; guza
456.
998
rhinoceros
rhinocéros
[kɔ̀nɔ́]
[kɔ̀nɔ́]
kɔnɔ
cf. 429
457.
1095
snake
serpent
[yakóró]
[jākóró]
yakoro
458.
(1095)
(poisonous) snake
vipère
[nɨ̀kpɨ̀]
[nɨ̀kpɨ̀]
nɨkpɨ
cf. 452
459.
1017
squirrel
écureuil
[kìtì]
[kìtì]
kiti
460.
1107
toad
crapaud
[lœ̀trɔ̀]
[lə̀tɔ̀rɔ̀]
lœtɔrɔ
461.
1108
tortoise (land)
tortue
[bakòngɔ]
[bākòŋɡɔ̄]
bakongɔ
462.
1109
turtle (water)
tortue d’eau
[bakòngɔ-ngú]
[bākòŋɡɔ̄ŋɡú]
bakongɔngu
463.
1057
vulture
vautour
[kpɨ́kpɨ̀]
[kpɨ̀kpɨ̀]
kpɨkpɨ
[yòngómbè]
[jòŋɡómbè]
yongombe
464.
1000
warthog
phacochère
[vòngbá]
[vòŋɡbá]
vongba
[ngbɨ̀ngɨ́]
[ŋɡbɨ̀ŋɡɨ́]
ngbɨngɨ
465.
1044
weaver-bird
tisserin
[ká'èà]
[káʔe̯à]
ka'ya
466.
(957)
wild animal
animal sauvage
[àgèà gūsū]
[àɡe̯à ɡūsū; àɡe̯à tʃə́lə́ ɡūsū]
agya gusu; agya tshœlœ gusu
467.
1021
wild cat
chat sauvage
[yòmbá]
[jòmbá]
yomba
cf. 407
[gúrúdàmbá]
[ɡúrúdàmbá]
gurudamba
468.
1006
zebra
zèbre
[bàngànà]
[bàŋɡànà]
bangana
469.
959
bull
taureau
[ɔ̄kɔ̄ bágrà]
[ɔ̄kɔ̄ báɡàrà]
ɔkɔ bagara
470.
963
calf
veau
[làngà]
[làŋɡà]
langa
[gànga]
[ɡàŋɡā]
ganga
471.
981
camel
chameau
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
472.
993
cat
chat
[púsù]
[njáō]
nyao
no recording; [púsù] and [njáō] are loans from Lingala
473.
768
cattle
bétail
[yarə̀]
[jārə̀]
yarœ
474.
964
cattle herd
troupeau
[ndɨ́bvɨ́rɨ́]
[ndɨ́ⱱ̟ɨ́rɨ́]
ndɨvwɨrɨ
475.
977
chick
poussin
[yangɔto]
[jāŋɡɔ̄tō]
yangɔto
476.
974
chicken
poule
[ngɔto]
[ŋɡɔ̄tō]
ngɔto
477.
960
cow
vache
[bágàrà]
[báɡàrà]
bagara
loan from Sango
478.
991
dog
chien
[yavóró]
[jāvóró]
yavoro
479.
(767)
domestic animal
animal domestique
[àgèà tsálàkpɨ́]
[àɡe̯à tʃálàkpɨ́]
agya tshalakpɨ
480.
986
donkey
âne
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
481.
971
ewe
brebis
[yabùrù-tàɓà]
[jābùrù tàbà; jābùrù tàɓà]
yaburu taba; yaburu ta'ba
‘imported’; cf. 482
482.
965
goat
chèvre
[yabùrù]
[jābùrù]
yaburu
cf. 481; 483; 488; 491; 492; 494
483.
966
he-goat
bouc; chèvre (mâle)
[ākɔ̄ yabùrù]
[ākɔ̄ jābùrù]
akɔ yaburu
‘male goat’; cf. 482
[àyi yabùrù]
—
—
‘female goat’
484.
961
heifer
génisse
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
485.
976
hen/cock
poule/coq
[akɔ-ngɔto]
[ŋɡɔ̄tō]
ngɔto
ākɔ̄ ŋɡɔ̄tō ‘cock’; cf. 493
[àyi-ngɔto]
—
—
àyī ŋɡɔ̄tō ‘hen’
486.
(987)
hog
porc
[kɔ̀sò]
[kɔ̀sò]
kɔso
cf. 491
487.
982
horse
cheval
[mbárátá]
[lēlē; mbárátá]
lele; mbarata
cf. 495
488.
972
lamb
agneau
[yakótsa yabùrù]
[jākótʃā jābùrù]
yakotsha yaburu
cf. 482
489.
984
mare (horse)
jument
[àyimbárátá]
[mbárátá]
mbarata
490.
958
ox
bœuf
[bágàrà]
[báɡàrà]
bagara
491.
987
pig
cochon
[kɔ̀sò]
[kɔ̀sò]
kɔso
cf. 486
492.
970
ram
bélier
[akɔyabùrù tàɓà]
[jābùrù tàbà; jābùrù tàɓà]
yaburu taba; yaburu ta'ba
cf. 482
493.
975
rooster (cock)
coq
[kɔ̄ngɔ̄tō]
[kɔ̄ŋɡɔ̄tō]
kɔngɔto
no recording; cf. 485
494.
969
sheep
mouton
[yabùrù tàɓà]
[jābùrù tàbà; jābùrù tàɓà]
yaburu taba; yaburu ta'ba
no recording; cf. 481; 482
495.
983
stallion
étalon
[akɔ lele]
[lēlē]
lele
cf. 487
[akɔ mbárátá]
—
—
496.
978
turkey
dindon
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
497.
1123
ant
fourmi
[vɨ̀vɨ̀]
[vɨ̀vɨ̀]
vɨvɨ
498.
(1123)
ant (big; black)
grand fourmi (noir)
[tèvwé]
[tèⱱ̟é]
tevwe
499.
(1123)
ant (reddish-brown biting)
fourmi rouge
[àfú]
[àfú]
afu
500.
1124
(soldier) ant
fourmi d’armée
[ndɔ̄kɔ̄lí]
[ndɔ̄kɔ̄lí]
ndɔkɔli
501.
1143
bee
abeille
[wátœ̀rœ̀]
[wátèrə̀]
waterœ
502.
1146
butterfly
papillon
[kómbele]
[kómbēlē]
kombele
503.
1137
caterpillar
chenille
[àʒe]
[ēʒē]
eje
àʒē is plural form
504.
1138
centipede
scolopendre; centipede
[kùlǘngūrū]
[kùlúŋɡūrū; kùlíŋɡūrū]
kulunguru; kulinguru
cf. 519
505.
1122
cockroach
cafard
[párángò]
[páráŋɡò]
parango
506.
1133
cricket
criquet; grillon
[yɔ̄'ɔ́]
[jɔ̄ʔɔ́]
yɔ'ɔ
507.
1130
dung beetle
bousier
[vwrùyū]
[ⱱ̟ùrùjū]
vwuruyu
[kàmàyū]
[kàmàjū]
kamayu
508.
1118
flea
puce
[kuku]
[kūkū]
kuku
509.
1141
fly (n.)
mouche
[voma]
[vōmā]
voma
510.
1125
flying ant
fourmi volant
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
511.
1132
grasshopper
sauterelle
[kwákwá]
[ko̯áko̯á]
kwakwa
512.
1117
insect
insecte
[àyikongwá]
[àjī kōŋɡo̯á]
ayi kongwa
[tsetserœ]
[tʃēʃērə̄]
tshesherœ
513.
1131
jigger
chique
[ngɔ̀zu]
[ŋɡɔ̀zū]
ngɔzu
514.
1136
leech
sangsue
[trɨndʒi]
[tɨ̄rɨ̄ndʒī]
tɨrɨndji
515.
1134
locust
acridien / grande sauterelle d’orient
[bìndi]
[bìndī]
bindi
tàwóŋɡé ‘lightning bug’
516.
1119
louse
pou
[àtsó]
[àtʃó]
atsho
517.
1121
maggot
astricot
[ngɔ̀zū]
[ŋɡɔ̀zū]
ngɔzu
518.
1135
mantis
mante
[kɔ̄ngɔ̄dùrù]
[kɔ̄ŋɡɔ̄dùrù]
kɔngɔduru
519.
1139
millipede
mille-patte
[kùlúnguru]
[kùlúŋɡūrū; kùlíŋɡūrū]
kulunguru; kulinguru
cf. 504
520.
1142
mosquito
moustique
[kútsá]
[kútʃá]
kutsha
521.
1129
scorpion
scorpion
[dɔ́kɔ́lɔ́ngba]
[dɔ́kɔ́lɔ́ŋɡbā]
dɔkɔlɔngba
522.
1094
snail
escargot
[ngàɓà]
[ŋɡàɓà]
nga'ba
523.
1127
spider
araignée
[dàndòrò]
[dàndòrò]
dandoro
524.
1126
termite
termite
[kɔ̀kɔ̀]
[kɔ̀kɔ̀]
kɔkɔ
525.
(1117)
tick
tique; coutil
[tsétsérœ]
[tʃētʃērə̄]
tshetsherœ
526.
(1117)
tsetse fly
mouche tsetse
[àpá]
[àpá]
apa
527.
1144
wasp
guêpe
[kɔngɔdùrù]
[kɔ̄ŋɡɔ̄dùrù]
kɔngɔduru
[kɨrɨngbade]
[kɨ̄rɨ̄ŋɡbādē]
kɨrɨngbade
528.
(223; 1140)
worm
ver
[sàngápé]
[sàŋɡápé; sɔ̀ŋɡápé]
sangape; sɔngape
‘earthworm’
[málengórɔ́]
[málēŋɡɔ́rɔ́]
malengɔrɔ
‘intestinal worm’
529.
1060
beak; bill
bec
[ɔ́kɔ́-àmà yɔ̄nū]
[ɔ́kɔ́ àmà jɔ̄nū]
ɔkɔ ama yɔnu
530.
1065
claw
griffe
[yangopé]
[jāŋɡōpé]
yangope
531.
1063
crop (bird)
jabot (d’un oiseau)
[gòyó]
[ɡòjó]
goyo
cf. 211
532.
1067
eggshell
coquille (d’œuf)
[ə́hérœ́ oporo]
[éhérə́ ōpōrō]
eherœ oporo
533.
1034
elephant’s trunk
trompe
[ɔ̀sɔ̀]
[ɔ̀sɔ̀]
ɔsɔ
534.
1035
elephant’s tusk
defense d’éléphant
[ɨʒi mbàlà]
[īʒī mbàlà]
iji mbala
cf. 98
535.
1058
feather
plume
[ùsù]
[ùsù; ùsù jānū]
usu; usu yanu
cf. 45
536.
1087
fish bone
arête (de poisson)
[ngbaɓi]
[ŋɡbāɓī; ŋɡbābī]
ngba'bi; ngbabi
cf. 15
537.
1088
fish-scale
écaille
[dʒèpè]
[dʒèpè]
djepe
538.
1027
fur
poil / fourrure
[ùsù]
[ùsù]
usu
cf. 45
539.
1064
gizzard
gésier
[ngwángwà]
[ŋɡo̯áŋɡo̯à]
ngwangwa
540.
1032
hoof
sabot
[ɔ̀kéɔ́]
[àke̯ó; ɔ̀ke̯ó]
akyo; ɔkyo
541.
1028
horn
corne
[ɨ̀dɨ̀]
[ɨ̀dɨ̀; ìdì]
ɨdɨ; idi
542.
1029
hump (of cow)
bosse (de vache)
[úndú]
[úndú]
undu
543.
1033
mane
crinière
[ndévé]
[ndévé]
ndeve
544.
1031
tail
queue
[dàmbá]
[dàmbá]
damba
545.
(1028)
tusk (of warthog)
défense
[ɨʒi]
[īʒī]
iji
for elephant
546.
1030
udder
mamelle
[ɔ̀ngɔ̀]
[ɔ̀ŋɡɔ̀]
ɔngɔ
cf. 18
547.
1059
wing
aile
[ōmbō]
[ōmbō]
ombo
548.
(1153)
anthill
fourmilière
[gbakòtò]
[ɡbākòtò]
gbakoto
549.
1154
beehive
ruche
[ɔ̄ngɔ̄]
[ɔ̄ŋɡɔ̄]
ɔngɔ
550.
1155
beeswax; bee-bread
cire d’abeilles
[éhérœ́ àwátèrœ̀]
[éhérə́ àwátèrə̀]
eherœ awaterœ
551.
818
cowrie shell
porceleine
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
552.
779
footprint
trace
[ə́ndə́]
[ə́ndə́]
œndœ
553.
768
herd (of cattle or sheep) (n)
troupeau
[àkpùtù]
[àkpùtù]
akputu
cf. 977
554.
1268
hole
trou
[kùdú]
[kùdú]
kudu
555.
1069
nest
nid
[kómá]
[kómá]
koma
556.
(1204)
shell
coquille
[ɔ́kɔ́]
[ɔ́kɔ́]
ɔkɔ
cf. 14
557.
1151
spider’s web
toile d’araignée
[gbándá-dàndòrò]
[ɡbándá dàndòrò]
gbanda dandoro
558.
1149
sting of insects
piqûre
[ndə́mà]
[ndə́mà]
ndœma
559.
1157
swarm
essaim
[ndɨ́'bvɨ́rɨ́]
[ndɨ́ⱱ̟ɨ́rɨ́]
ndɨvwɨrɨ
no recording
560.
1037
bark (as dog) (v)
aboyer
[kœ́kɨ̀ yavóró]
[kɨ jāvóró]
kɨ yavoro
561.
1077
cackle
caqueter
[kœ́kɨ̀ àyíngɔ̄tō]
—
—
[kœ́dɨ̀ tʃœ́lœ́mà]
[dɨ tʃə́lə́mà]
dɨ tshœlœma
562.
1078
crow (as a rooster) (v)
chanter; faire cocorico (v)
[kœ́kɨ̀ ɔ̄kɔ̄ ngɔ̄tō]
[kɨ ɔ̄kɔ̄ ŋɡɔ̄tō]
kɨ ɔkɔ ngɔto
563.
1076
flap the wings
battre des ailes
[kœ́ɓì tsœ́lœ́ mbo]
[ɓi tʃə́lə́ ōmbō]
'bi tshœlœ ombo
564.
1071
fly (v)
voler (dans l’air)
[kœ rù]
[ru]
ru
565.
(244)
give birth (animals)
mettre bas (pour les animaux)
[kœ́zù àgèà]
[zu àɡe̯à]
zu agya
566.
1082
hatch
éclore
[kə́hèrə̀ ōpōrō]
[herə̀ ōpōrō]
herœ oporo
[kœ́kèkà ōpōrō]
[kekà ōpōrō]
keka oporo
loan (from Lingala?)
567.
1081
incubate
couver; incuber (des œufs)
[kœ́ sœ̀ pá ōpōrō]
[sə pá ōpōrō]
sœ pa oporo
568.
1080
lay (eggs)
pondre (un œuf)
[kœ́zù ōpōrō]
[zu ōpōrō]
zu oporo
569.
1079
peck (tr.)
picoter
[kœ́dè dœ̀ àmà]
[de də́ àmà]
de dœ ama
570.
1040
ruminate
ruminer
[àgeà ndʒà œ́zɨ̀ tʃándœ́nœ̀]
—
—
The recording does not match the transcription.
571.
1174
bamboo
bambou
[ángéá]
[áŋɡe̯á]
angya
[ēvērœ̄]
[ēvērə̄]
everœ
572.
1162
baobab
baobab
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
573.
(1173)
burnt grass
herbes brûlées
[tshámbélé òwò]
[tʃámbélé òwò]
tshambele owo
574.
1172
bush
arbrisseau
[á'yérá ɔ̄yɔ̄]
—
—
575.
1169
coconut palm
cocotier
[ɔ́kɔ́lɔ́ mbùndʒú]
[ɔ́kɔ́lɔ́ mbùndʒú]
ɔkɔlɔ mbundju
576.
1159
ebony
ébène
[bīā]
[bījā]
biya
577.
1165
fig tree
figuier
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
578.
1188
flower
fleur
[ndɔ̄kɔ̄]
[ndɔ̄kɔ̄]
ndɔkɔ
579.
1173
grass
herbe
[gūsū]
[ɡūsū]
gusu
cf. 658; 679
580.
1160
mahogany tree
cail-cédrat
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
581.
584
mold (n)
moisissure
[kœ́dà œ̀rœ̀]
[kə́dà ə̀rə̀]
kœda œrœ
582.
(1168)
palm-tree
palmier
[ngímá]
[ŋɡímá]
ngima
583.
1170
raffia
raphia
[ángéá]
[áŋɡe̯á]
angya
584.
1175
reed
roseau
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
585.
1164
shea-butter tree; shea-nut tree
karité; arbre à beurre
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
586.
1163
silk cotton tree; kapoc
fromager
[kɔ̀pù]
[kɔ̀pù]
kɔpu
587.
1167
tamarind
tamarinier
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
588.
1192
tendril
vrille
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
589.
1166
thorn-tree
arbre épineux
[ɔ̄yɔ̄ ìshì]
[ɔ̄jɔ̄ ìʃì]
ɔyɔ ishi
590.
1158
tree
arbre
[ɔ̄yɔ̄]
[ɔ̄jɔ̄]
ɔyɔ
cf. 729; 1034; 1169; 1174
591.
1176
weeds
mauvaises herbes
[ékpé gūsū]
[ékpé ɡūsū]
ekpe gusu
592.
1208
banana
banane
[ɔ́ngbɔ́]
[ɔ́ŋɡbɔ́; áŋɡbɔ́]
ɔngbɔ; angbɔ
593.
—
bean
haricot
[élé]
[élé]
ele
cf. 57
594.
1227
cassava
manioc
[gàràngà]
[ɡàràŋɡà]
garanga
595.
1228
cocoyam; taro
taro
[mbòwó]
[mbòwó]
mbowo
596.
1242
coffee
café
[kàfê]
[kàféè]
kafee
loan
597.
1239
cola nut
kola
[mɔ̀kɔ́]
[mɔ̀kɔ́]
mɔkɔ
598.
1244
cotton plant
cotonnier
[tùkyà]
[tùkíà; tùkjà]
tukia; tukya
loan from Lingala ‘tukia’
599.
1171
date palm
dattier
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
600.
1225
egg-plant
aubergine
[ngágō]
[ŋɡáɡō]
ngago
601.
1217
fig
figue
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
602.
1237
groundnut
arachide
[gbàgà]
[ɡbàɡà]
gbaga
603.
1235
guinea corn
millet de guinée
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
604.
1210
lemon
citron
[shédrò]
[ʃédòrò]
shedoro
loan from French
605.
1232
maize
maïs
[màngé]
[màŋɡé]
mange
606.
—
melon
melon
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
607.
1233
millet
mil
—
[dʒòjɔ̄; làɓòtò; làkpòtò]
djoyɔ; la'boto; lakpoto
no recording
608.
1226
mushroom
champignon
[àlúgù]
[àlúɡù]
alugu
609.
1168
oil palm
palmier à huile / éléis de Guinée
[ngímá]
[ŋɡímá]
ngima
610.
1224
okra
gombo
[vèkè]
[vèkè]
veke
611.
1220
onion
oignon
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
612.
1211
orange
orange
[ndímù]
[ndímù]
ndimu
loan from Lingala ‘ndimo’
613.
1240
palm nut
noix de palmier
[élé ngímá]
[élé ŋɡímá]
ele ngima
cf. 57
614.
1213
papaya
papaye
[pàpáyì]
[pàpájì]
papayi
loan from French
615.
1214
pineapple
ananas
[gbàdʒê]
[ɡbàdʒéè]
gbadjee
616.
1209
plantain
plantain
[ɔ́ngbɔ́]
[ɔ́ŋɡbɔ́; áŋɡbɔ́]
ɔngbɔ; angbɔ
no recording
617.
—
pumpkin
potiron
—
—
—
no entry; no recording. French: citrouille ‘pumpkin’; potiron ‘winter squash’
618.
1236
rice
riz
[éléwo]
[élé ōwō]
ele owo
cf. 57
619.
1238
sesame
sésame
[únú]
[únú]
unu
620.
1234
sorghum
sorgho
[dʒōrò]
[dʒōrò]
djoro
621.
1241
sugar cane
canne à sucre
[àʃongbɔ̀]
[àʃōŋɡbɔ̀]
ashongbɔ
also àbàŋɡūlū
[àngāngōlē]
[àŋɡāŋɡōlē]
angangole
622.
1230
sweet potato
potate douce
[bādrō]
[bādōrō]
badoro
623.
1219
tomato
tomate
[dòmótò]
[dòmótò]
domoto
loan from French
624.
1229
yam
igname
[aba]
[ābā]
aba
625.
1180
bark (of tree)
écorce
[kɔ́tʃū]
[kɔ́tʃū]
kɔtshu
626.
1179
base of tree trunk
base d’un arbre
[àdà ɔ̄yɔ̄]
[àdà ɔ̄jɔ̄]
ada ɔyɔ
627.
1187
blade of grass
brin d’herbe
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
628.
1178
branch; stick
branche; bâton
[gànéá]
[ɡàne̯á]
ganya
[tʃɔ̀ngbɔ́lɔ́]
[tʃɔ̀ŋɡbɔ́lɔ́]
tshɔngbɔlɔ
stick
629.
1189
bud
bourgeon
[pélémà]
[pélémà]
pelema
[trœ́yè]
[tə́rə́jè]
tœrœye
630.
1184
bulb; tubar
bulbe
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
631.
1205
corn husk (n)
enveloppe de l’épi du maïs
[ɔ́kɔ́ màngé]
[ɔ́kɔ́ màŋɡé]
ɔkɔ mange
632.
1201
kernel
noyau
[índʒí léyɔ̄]
[índʒí léjɔ̄]
indji leyɔ
633.
1177
leaf
feuille
[kakó]
[kākó]
kako
634.
(1177)
leaf of corn plant
feuille de maïs
[kakó màngé]
[kākó màŋɡé]
kako mange
no recording
635.
(1196)
leaf of palm
feuille du palmier
[kakó ngímá]
[kākó ŋɡímá]
kako ngima
no recording
636.
1195
midrib of palm-frond
rachis de palmier
[tséné]
[tʃéné]
tshene
637.
1194
palm branch
rameau de palmier
[mbɔ̀kɔ̀ ngímá]
[mbɔ̀kɔ̀ ŋɡímá]
mbɔkɔ ngima
638.
—
pumpkin pip
grain de courge
[ə́ndʒí kɔ́so]
[índʒí kɔ́sō]
indji kɔso
French should be ‘graine de potiron’
639.
1183
root
racine
[əʃe ɔyɔ]
[ēʃē ɔ̄jɔ̄]
eshe ɔyɔ
640.
1202
seed
semence
[ngwàrœ̀]
[ŋɡo̯àrə̀]
ngwarœ
641.
1204
shell of groundnut
cosse d’arachide
[ɔ́kɔ́ gbàgà]
[ɔ́kɔ́ ɡbàɡà]
ɔkɔ gbaga
642.
1203
skin (fruit)
peau (fruit)
[ɔ́kɔ́ léyɔ]
[ɔ́kɔ́ léjɔ̄]
ɔkɔ leyɔ
643.
1185
stem of maize; millet; etc
tige
[dʒòyɔ̄]
[dʒòjɔ̄]
djoyɔ
644.
1182
stump
souche
[ndɨ́ndɨ̄ ɔyɔ]
[ndɨ́ndɨ̄ ɔ̄jɔ̄]
ndɨndɨ ɔyɔ
cf. 720
645.
1193
thorn
épine
[ɨʃì]
[ìʃì]
ishi
646.
1179
trunk (of tree)
tronc
[ùndù]
[ùndù ɔ̄jɔ̄]
undu ɔyɔ
647.
(1207)
bear (fruit)
porter fruit
[kœ́lè]
[le]
le
[kœ́kò œ́lé nœ̀]
—
—
648.
(1245)
germinate
germer
[kə́kò ngwàrœ̀]
[ko ŋɡo̯àrə̀]
ko ngwarœ
649.
1245
grow (of plants)
croître; pousser
[kə́gèrœ̀]
[ɡerə̀ ŋɡo̯àrə̀]
gerœ ngwarœ
cf. 650
650.
1246
sprout (v)
pousser
[kə́gèrœ̀]
[ɡerə̀]
gerœ
cf. 649; 1240; 1729
651.
1314
air (breathed)
air
[ɨ̀zɨ̀]
[ɨ̀zɨ̀]
ɨzɨ
652.
1296
bank; shore (hollow)
rive
[tsâtsí]
[tʃáàtʃí]
tshaatshi
653.
1300
beach
plage
[tsápá mīndū]
[tʃápá mīndū]
tshapa mindu
654.
1533
bend; crook; curve (n)
courbure; virage
[àdēngɔ̀]
[àdēŋɡɔ̀]
adengɔ
655.
744
boundary
limite
[ndɔ́ngɔ́lɔ́]
[ndɔ́ŋɡɔ́lɔ́]
ndɔngɔlɔ
[àmà]
[àmà]
ama
cf. 67
[màkātò]
[màkātò]
makato
656.
1298
bridge
pont
[àgbàrà]
[àɡbàrà]
agbara
657.
1292
brook; stream
ruisseau
[yāngàngú]
[jāŋɡàŋɡú]
yangangu
658.
1260
bush country
la brousse; savane
[gūsū]
[ɡūsū]
gusu
cf. 579
659.
1270
cave
grotte
[grōkpā]
[ɡōrōkpā]
gorokpa
660.
(709)
clod
motte
[gbɔ́kū ɔ̀shɔ̀]
[ɡbɔ́kū ɔ̀ʃɔ̀]
gbɔku ɔshɔ
661.
(530; 1260)
country
campagne
[tsándú]
[tʃándú]
tshandu
662.
(1293)
course of river
cours d’eau
[āwā úngú]
[āwā úŋɡú]
awa ungu
cf. 723
663.
1269
crevice
fissure
[tsə́lə́wāpē]
[tʃə́lə́wāpē]
tshœlœwape
664.
1256
desert
desert
[ə́gérœ́ tʃélœ́ mindu]
[éɡérə́ tʃə́lə́ mīndū]
egerœ tshœlœ mindu
665.
1338
dew
rosée
[ngóme]
[ŋɡómē]
ngome
666.
1276
dirt
saleté
[ə̄būrū]
[ūbūrū]
uburu
667.
1275
dust
poussière
[trùʃɔ̀]
[tùrùʃà; tùrùʃɔ̀]
turusha; turushɔ
668.
745
fertile soil
terre
[ɔ̀ʃɔ̀ kɨ̀ndɨ]
[ɔ̀ʃɔ̀ kɨ̄ndɨ̄]
ɔshɔ kɨndɨ
669.
743
fields
champs
[kɨndɨ]
[kɨ̄ndɨ̄]
kɨndɨ
cf. 894; 963
670.
1305
fire
feu
[òwò]
[òwò]
owo
671.
1306
flame
flamme
[àlàwò]
[àlàwò]
alawo
[làɓà wò]
[làɓàwò]
la'bawo
672.
(1271)
flat rock
rochers plats
[tāmè]
[tāmè]
tame
cf. 707
673.
1303
foam
écume
[fūrūtsā]
[fūrūtʃā]
furutsha
674.
1297
ford (n)
gué
[tsápá bádʒá]
[tʃápá bádʒá]
tshapa badja
675.
1258
forest
forêt
[vèdʒà]
[vèdʒà]
vedja
676.
531
frontier
limite
[màkatò]
[màkātò]
makato
677.
1319
full moon
pleine lune
[yápū ɓándə́ zɨ̀ yénā]
[jápū ɓándə́ zɨ̀jénā]
yapu 'bandœ zɨyena
678.
1280
gold
or
[kōwō]
[kōwō]
kowo
cf. 683; 820; 849; 1140
679.
1257
grassland
savane
[gūsū]
[ɡūsū]
gusu
cf. 579
680.
1261
ground
sol
[ɔ̀ʃɔ̀]
[ɔ̀ʃɔ̀; lɔ̀ʃɔ̀]
ɔshɔ; lɔshɔ
cf. 686; 703; 1084; 1631
681.
1263
highest point; utmost
sommet
[tsákūmù]
[tʃákūmù]
tshakumu
682.
(1262)
hill
colline
[kòtò]
[kòtò]
koto
683.
1279
iron ore
fer brut
[kowo]
[kōwō]
kowo
cf. 678
684.
1299
island
île
[tʃìkɨ́]
[tʃìkɨ́]
tshikɨ
685.
1286
lake
lac
[àdangà]
[àdāŋɡà]
adanga
686.
1261
land
terre
[ɔ̀ʃɔ̀]
[ɔ̀ʃɔ̀; lɔ̀ʃɔ̀]
ɔshɔ; lɔshɔ
cf. 680
687.
238
life
vie
[sòró]
[sòró]
soro
cf. 126
688.
1347
light
lumière
[ɨ́ngbɨ́ʃó]
[ɨ́ŋɡbɨ́ʃó]
ɨngbɨsho
cf. 872
689.
714
log
bûche
[ndœ́mà yāwò]
[ndə́mà jāwò]
ndœma yawo
[kùtùrù yāwò]
[kùtùrù jāwò]
kuturu yawo
690.
1289
marsh
marécage
[yàká]
[jàká]
yaka
691.
1326
meteor (falling star)
météore
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
692.
1318
moon
lune
[yápū]
[jápū]
yapu
cf. 771
693.
(1322)
morning-star (Venus)
étoile du matin
[tòmbèlè]
[tòmbèlè]
tombele
694.
1262
mountain
montagne
[kàgà]
[kàɡà]
kaga
695.
1278
mud
boue
[kpàtà]
[kpàtà]
kpata
696.
(847)
path
sentier
[āwā gūsū]
[āwā ɡūsū]
awa gusu
cf. 723
697.
(1272)
pebble
caillou
[bàdjà]
[tāmè; bàdʒà]
tame; badja
698.
1267
pit
fosse
[kùdú]
[kùdú]
kudu
699.
1255
place (n)
lieu
[œ́sœ́]
[ə́sə́]
œsœ
[óshó]
[óʃó]
osho
700.
1323
Pleiades
Pléiades
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
701.
1287
pool
mare
[yàká]
[jàká]
yaka
702.
1326
rainbow
arc-en-ciel
[à'bvéngè]
[àⱱ̟éŋɡè]
avwenge
703.
(1276)
red soil
terre rouge
[ódró ɔ̀shɔ̀]
[ódóró ɔ̀ʃɔ̀]
odoro ɔshɔ
cf. 680
704.
1293
river
fleuve
[kōtā]
[kōtā]
kota
705.
1296
river bank
rive d’une fleuve
[tʃâtsí kōtā]
[tʃáàtʃí kōtā]
tshaatshi kota
706.
847
road (path)
chemin
[āwā]
[āwā]
awa
cf. 723
707.
1271
rock
rocher
[bàdʒà]
[bàdʒà; tāmè]
badja; tame
cf. 672; 719
708.
1274
sand
sable
[mīndū]
[mīndū]
mindu
709.
(1274)
(fine) sand
sable fin
[ùtrù mīndū]
[ùtùrù mīndū]
uturu mindu
710.
1285
sea
mer
[kota]
[kōtā]
kota
711.
(1300)
seashore
bord de la mer
[àmà kota]
[àmà kōtā]
ama kota
712.
1350
shadow
ombre
[íshírɨ́]
[íʃírɨ́]
ishirɨ
[tsâgūʒàrà]
[tʃáàɡūʒàrà]
tshaagujara
‘shade’
713.
1313
sky
ciel
[tsálàfó]
[tʃálàfó]
tshalafo
714.
1304
slime
limon
[ɔ̀shɔ̀ àdʒūngbūngbū]
[ɔ̀ʃɔ̀ àdʒūŋɡbūŋɡbū]
ɔshɔ adjungbungbu
715.
1308
smoke
fumée
[ngáwò]
[ŋɡáwò]
ngawo
716.
1307
spark
étincelle
[tàwóngé]
[tàwóŋɡé]
tawonge
cf. 746
717.
1290
spring
source
[yāsā]
[jāsā]
yasa
718.
1322
star
étoile
[àngrépè]
[àŋɡérépè]
angerepe
719.
1271
stone
pierre
[bàdʒà]
[bàdʒà]
badja
cf. 707
720.
323
stumbling block
pierre d’achappement
[ndɨ́ndɔ̄yɔ̄]
—
—
cf. 644
721.
1317
sun
soleil
[ɔ̀lɔ̀]
[ɔ̀lɔ̀]
ɔlɔ
cf. 768; 781
722.
(1172)
thicket
bosquet
[vèyā]
[vèjā]
veya
723.
(847)
track
voie
[awa]
[āwā]
awa
cf. 662; 696; 706
724.
1265
valley
vallée
[ngɔ̄lɔ̄gbɔ̄]
[ŋɡɔ̄lɔ̄ɡbɔ̄]
ngɔlɔgbɔ
725.
1284
water
eau
[úngú]
[úŋɡú]
ungu
cf. 121; 140; 740; 754; 784
726.
1291
waterfall
chute d’eau
[ùdʒùrù]
[ùdʒùrù]
udjuru
727.
1288
waterhole
mare
[ngbɨ́ kɨ̄rɨ̄]
[ŋɡbɨ́kɨ̄rɨ̄]
ngbɨkɨrɨ
728.
1277
white clay
argile blanche
[ngbèyà]
[ŋɡbèjà]
ngbeya
729.
712
wood
bois
[ɔ̄yɔ̄]
[ɔ̄jɔ̄]
ɔyɔ
cf. 590
730.
1254
world
monde
[tsápáshɔ̀]
[tʃápáʃɔ̀]
tshapashɔ
731.
1476
blow of wind
souffler (le vent)
[kœ́pè ɨ̀zɨ̀]
[kə́pè ɨ̀zɨ̀; jùɡú]
kœpe ɨzɨ; yugu
cf. 759
732.
(1505)
cease (of rains)
cessar (les pluies)
[kœ́kàrà]
[kə́kàrà]
kœkara
733.
1315
cloud
nuage
[ōndrō]
[ōndōrō]
ondoro
cf. 741
734.
1553
cold
froid
[ɨ̀zɨ̀]
[ɨ̀zɨ̀]
ɨzɨ
735.
1346
cold weather
froideur (temps)
[màlūlū]
[màlūlū]
malulu
736.
1344
dry season
saison sèche
[ngbúgú]
[ŋɡbúɡú]
ngbugu
cf. 737; 738; 744; 754
737.
1344
dry season (big)
saison sèche (grande)
[œ́gérœ́ ngbúgú]
[ŋɡbúɡú]
ngbugu
cf. 736
738.
1344
dry season (little)
petite saison sèche
[aya ngbúgú]
[ŋɡbúɡú]
ngbugu
no recording; cf. 736
739.
1333
flash (of lightning) (thunderbolt)
éclat; foudre
[yavuru]
[jāvūrū]
yavuru
cf. 748
[kœ́yèrœ̀wà]
—
—
740.
1339
flood (n)
déluge
[àsūngù]
[àsūŋɡù]
asungu
cf. 725
741.
(1315)
fog
brouillard
[ōndrō]
[ōndōrō]
ondoro
cf. 733
742.
1337
hail
grêle
[àlédʒozɔ́]
[àlédʒōzɔ́]
aledjozɔ
743.
1331
harmattan
harmattan
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
744.
(1344; 1345)
hot season
saison chaude
[ngbúgú]
[ŋɡbúɡú]
ngbugu
no recording; cf. 736
745.
1345
hot weather
chaleur (temps)
[kœ́wǒshō]
[kə́wò óʃō]
kœwo osho
cf. 1616
746.
1333
lightning
éclairs
[tàwóngé]
[tàwóŋɡé]
tawonge
cf. 716
747.
1349
moonlight
claire de lune
[ɨ́shírɨ́ yápu]
[íʃírɨ́ jápū]
ishirɨ yapu
748.
1335
rain
pluie
[yāvūrū]
[jāvūrū]
yavuru
cf. 739; 751; 752
749.
1343
rainy season (big)
grand saison de pluie
[œ́gérœ́ ngbúgú yavuru]
[ŋɡbúɡú jāvūrú]
ngbugu yavuru
no recording
750.
1343
rainy season (little)
saison de petite pluie
[āyā ngbúgú yavuru]
[ājā ŋɡbúɡú jāvūrū]
aya ngbugu yavuru
751.
1335
rainy weather
pluie
[yavuru]
[jāvūrū]
yavuru
no recording; cf. 748
752.
1336
rain; drizzle
bruine
[ngéʒì yavuru]
[ŋɡéʒì jāvūrū]
ngeji yavuru
cf. 748
753.
1273
(coarse) sand; gravel
gravier
[dʒè'èrœ̀ mindu]
[dʒèʔèrə̀ mīndū]
dje'erœ mindu
754.
1342
season
saison
[ngbúgú]
[ŋɡbúɡú]
ngbugu
cf. 736
[úngú]
[úŋɡú]
ungu
cf. 725
755.
1332
storm
orage
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
756.
(1342)
summer (late)
fin de l’été
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
757.
1348
sunshine
clarté du soleil
[mbrœ́yē ɔ̀lɔ̀]
[mbə́rə́jē ɔ̀lɔ̀]
mbœrœye ɔlɔ
758.
1333
thunder
tonnerre
[ɨ́ngɨ́rɨ́ yavuru]
[ɨ́ŋɡɨ́rɨ́ jāvūrū]
ɨngɨrɨ yavuru
759.
1330
wind
vent
[yùgú]
[jùɡú]
yugu
cf. 731
760.
(1342)
winter
hiver
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
761.
1380
afternoon
après-midi
[àkɨ́dàlà]
[àkɨ́dàlà]
akɨdala
also àlàkɨ́dà; dàdɨ́là; kɨ́dàlà; cf. 770
[àdɨlà]
[àdɨ́là]
adɨla
762.
(1383)
all day
toute la journée
[ɔ̀lɔ̀ kpì]
[ɔ̀lɔ̀ kpì]
ɔlɔ kpi
763.
1351
darkness
obscurité
[ùbù óshó]
[ùbù óʃó]
ubu osho
[butsɔ́]
[būtʃɔ́]
butshɔ
764.
1376
dawn
aube
[àmàzɨ̀]
[àmàzɨ̀; dàmazɨ̀]
amazɨ; damazɨ
765.
1374
day after tomorrow
lendemain
[ɓámbìyā]
[ɓámbìjā]
'bambiya
766.
1372
day before yesterday
avant-hier
[ndógòlēā]
[ndóɡòlējā]
ndogoleya
767.
1367
day; daytime
journée
[kpə́shèkē]
[kpə́ʃèkē; kpə́ʃè; kpə́sə̀kə̄]
kpœsheke; kpœshe; kpœsœkœ
768.
(1383)
daylight
jour; lumière
[ɔ̀lɔ̀]
[ɔ̀lɔ̀]
ɔlɔ
cf. 721. French should be ‘jour’ or ‘lumière du jour’
[olo]
[ōlō]
olo
cf. 118
769.
1356
early
tôt; de bonne heure
[kātsā]
[kātʃā]
katsha
770.
(1382)
evening
soir
[ágbɔ́ àdɨ̄là]
[àkɨ́dàlà; àdɨ́là; àlàkɨ́dà; dàdɨ́là; kɨ́dàlà]
akɨdala; adɨla; alakɨda; dadɨla; kɨdala
cf. 761
771.
1368
month
mois
[yápu]
[jápū; jépū]
yapu; yepu
cf. 692
772.
1378
morning
matin
[àmàzɨ̀]
[àmàzɨ̀]
amazɨ
773.
1320
new moon
nouvelle lune
[tafò yápu]
[tāfò jápū]
tafo yapu
774.
1384
night
nuit
[butsɔ́]
[bùtʃɔ́; àbūtʃɔ́; dàbūtʃó]
butshɔ; abutshɔ; dabutsho
775.
1379
noon
midi
[lɔ̀kakpí]
[lɔ̀kākpí]
lɔkakpi
776.
1353
now
maintenant
[ngɔ́ngɔ́]
[ŋɡɔ́ŋɡɔ́]
ngɔngɔ
[ngɔ́ngɔ́ nœ̀]
[ŋɡɔ́ŋɡɔ́ nə̀ ásə́]
ngɔngɔ nœ asœ
777.
1375
olden times
temps anciens
[lía]
[líjā]
liya
cf. 788
[líma katsatsa]
[límā kātʃātʃā]
lima katshatsha
778.
1377
sunrise
lever du soleil
[kœ́wùtà ɔ̀lɔ̀]
[kə́wùtà ɔ̀lɔ̀]
kœwuta ɔlɔ
[mbɔ̀kɔ̀lɔ̀]
[mbɔ̀kɔ̀lɔ̀]
mbɔkɔlɔ
779.
1381
sunset
coucher (du soleil)
[kœ́lì ɔ̀lɔ̀]
[kə́lì ɔ̀lɔ̀]
kœli ɔlɔ
780.
—
then
alors
[yékà]
[jékà]
yeka
781.
1352
time
temps
[ɔ̀lɔ̀]
[ɔ̀lɔ̀]
ɔlɔ
cf. 721
782.
1370
today
aujourd’hui
[kpə́shèkē]
[kpə́ʃèkē]
kpœsheke
783.
1373
tomorrow
demain
[ɓámbàtsá]
[ɓámbàtʃá]
'bambatsha
784.
1369
year
an
[úngú]
[úŋɡú]
ungu
cf. 725
785.
1371
yesterday
hier
[líbi]
[líbī]
libi
786.
1363
always
toujours
[wáā]
[wáā; wā]
waa; wa
787.
(1382)
(be) dark (nightfall)
être obscur (crépuscule)
[ùbù óshó]
[ùbù óʃó]
ubu osho
‘darkness’
[ùmbùrù óshó]
[ùmbùrù óʃó]
umburu osho
788.
(1354)
earlier
jadis
[líā]
[líjā]
liya
cf. 777
789.
1347
(be) light (of day)
être allumé (du jour)
[kœ́tsì ɔ̀lɔ̀]
[tʃi ɔ̀lɔ̀]
tshi ɔlɔ
790.
547
baby sling
écharpe pour porter un enfant
[kówà]
[kówà]
kowa
French should be ‘porte-bébé’.
791.
624
bag
sac
[ngbādē]
[ŋɡbādē]
ngbade
792.
696
bed
lit
[kœ̀lèkpā]
[kèlèkpā]
kelekpa
793.
(696)
bedstead; bed frame
châlit; bois de lit
[ngbondʒo kœ̀lèkpā]
[ŋɡbōndʒō kèlèkpā]
ngbondjo kelekpa
794.
700
bell
cloche
[ɨ́ngbɨ́]
[ɨ́ŋɡbɨ́]
ɨngbɨ
795.
854
boat
bateau
[œ́gérœ́ ágbá]
[éɡérə́ áɡbá]
egerœ agba
lit. ‘large dugout canoe’; cf. 801
796.
625
box
boîte
[kògwà]
[kòɡo̯à]
kogwa
797.
551
bracelet
bracelet
[bīngī]
[bīŋɡī]
bingi
798.
645
bundle (n)
paquet / fagot
[àgbà]
[àɡbà]
agba
cf. 122
799.
560
cane (stick)
bâton
[tsɔ̀ngbɔ́lɔ́]
[tʃɔ̀ŋɡbɔ́lɔ́]
tshɔngbɔlɔ
for elderly people
800.
(872)
cannon
canon
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
801.
851
canoe
pirogue
[ágbá]
[áɡbá]
agba
cf. 795
802.
693
chair
chaise
[ngàndē]
[ŋɡàndè]
ngande
803.
(554)
circle; ring
cercle; bague
[tìndìbvɨ́rɨ́]
[tìndìⱱ̟ɨ́rɨ́; bīŋɡī]
tindivwɨrɨ; bingi
tìndìⱱ̟ɨ́rɨ́ ‘circle’; bīŋɡī ‘ring’; cf. 833
804.
1282
copper
cuivre
[ngbə́réné]
[ŋɡbə́réné]
ngbœrene
805.
665
door
porte
[kpɨ̄ngbɨ̄lɨ̄ mànda]
[kpɨ̄ŋɡbɨ̄lɨ̄ màndà; màndà]
kpɨngbɨlɨ manda; manda
806.
666
doorway
porte
[màndà]
[màndà]
manda
807.
676
fence
barrière
[gbàdʒàdʒà]
[ɡbàdʒàdʒà]
gbadjadja
808.
(536)
garment
vêtement
[lóbà]
[lóbá; lə́bà]
loba; lœba
cf. 1067
809.
829
gift
cadeau
[làpá]
[làpá]
lapa
810.
(626)
hamper (n)
panier
[kìngì]
[kìŋɡì]
kingi
[shékpé]
[ʃékpé]
shekpe
[kàkílí]
[kàkílí]
kakili
811.
631
handle
manche
[kanœ́]
[kānə́; kāné]
kanœ; kane
cf. 4
812.
541
hat
chapeau
[kpòtò]
[kpòtò]
kpoto
813.
862
headpad
coussinet de tête
[kàlábí]
[kàlábí]
kalabi
814.
646
heap (n)
monceau
[úkpúlú]
[úkpúlú]
ukpulu
815.
(804)
hook (n)
crochet
[ngàdà]
[ŋɡàdà]
ngada
French: crochet ‘hook on wall for picture’; hameçon ‘hook on fishing line’; cf. 1036
816.
663
hut
hutte
[gbandà]
[ɡbāndà]
gbanda
French: case
817.
1279
iron
fer
[ngbœ̄lēkō]
[ŋɡbə́lēkō]
ngbœleko
818.
654
knot
nœud
[àdú]
[àdú]
adu
819.
698
lamp
lampe
[tàdʒà]
[tàdʒà]
tadja
cf. 852
820.
(1279)
lead (n) (metal)
plomb
[kōwō]
[kōwō]
kowo
cf. 678
821.
—
letter
lettre
[mbētī]
[mbētī]
mbeti
822.
863
load (n)
charge / fardeau
[kɨ̄kɨ̀lɨ̀ œ̀rœ̀]
[kɨ̄kɨ̀lɨ̀ ə̀rə̀]
kɨkɨlɨ œrœ
823.
544
loin cloth
pagne
[ákpá lóbà]
[ákpá lóbà]
akpa loba
824.
697
mat
natte
[gbògbò]
[ɡbòɡbò]
gbogbo
[kòndʒà]
[kòndʒà]
kondja
825.
852
paddle (n)
pagaie
[ká'éá]
[káʔe̯á]
ka'ya
826.
(724)
peg
cheville
[àngbœ́lè ngāndā]
[àŋɡbə́lèŋɡāndā]
angbœlenganda
827.
903
pipe-stem
tuyau d’une pipe
[gūsū ngālābò]
[ɡūsū ŋɡālābò]
gusu ngalabo
828.
—
platform
plate-forme
[àkpàlà óshó]
[àkpàlà óʃó]
akpala osho
829.
729
pocket
poche
[ngbade]
[ŋɡbādē]
ngbade
830.
922
poison (n)
poison
[ɔ́yɔ́ kùzū]
[ɔ́jɔ́ kùzū]
ɔyɔ kuzu
831.
733
rag
chiffon
[gbalóbà]
[ɡbālóbà]
gbaloba
832.
566
razor
rasoir
[àkɨ́]
[àkɨ́]
akɨ
833.
544
ring
anneau / bague
[bīngī]
[bīŋɡī]
bingi
cf. 803
834.
545
robe (man’s gown)
vêtement d’homme
[yɔ̄gbɔ̄dɔ̄ lóbà]
[jɔ̄ɡbɔ̄dɔ̄ lóbà]
yɔgbɔdɔ loba
835.
653
rope
corde
[úwú]
[úwú]
uwu
cf. 848; 1032; 1037; 1103
836.
1243
rubber
caoutchouc
[ndì'bvá]
[ndìⱱ̟á]
ndivwa
837.
741
rubbish
ordures
[tsápándíkɔ́]
[tʃápándíkɔ́]
tshapandikɔ
838.
684
shelter (n)
abri
[tsâguʒàrà]
[tʃáàɡūʒàrà]
tshaagujara
839.
873
shield (n)
bouclier
[bálángbá]
[báláŋɡbá]
balangba
840.
548
shoe
chaussure
[œ̄ràdà]
[ràdà]
rada
841.
1281
silver
argent
[ngèndʒà]
[ŋɡèndʒà]
ngendja
cf. 1125
842.
(798)
skin; used for
peau (sac)
[ɔ́kɔ́]
[ɔ́kɔ́]
ɔkɔ
cf. 14
843.
—
spatula for cleaning nose
spatule (pour nettoyer le nez)
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
844.
722
splinter; sliver (n)
écharde; tranche
[ɨ̀shì]
[ɨ̀ʃì]
ɨshi
845.
694
stool
tabouret
[mbātā]
[mbātā]
mbata
846.
630
stopper
liège; bouchon
[pélémà]
[pélémà]
pelema
847.
651
strap (n)
bande
[ndə́mà lóbà]
[ndə́mà lóbà]
ndœma loba
848.
652
string (n)
ficelle
[úwú]
[úwú]
uwu
cf. 835
849.
(1279)
tin
étain
[kōwō àméndè]
[kōwō àméndè]
kowo amende
cf. 678
850.
904
tobacco
tabac
[bɔ̀lɔ̀]
[bɔ̀lɔ̀]
bɔlɔ
851.
902
tobacco pipe
pipe de tabac
[gbàgò]
[ɡbàɡò]
gbago
[ngalabò]
[ŋɡbālābò]
ngbalabo
852.
698
torch
torche
[tàdʒà]
[tàdʒà]
tadja
cf. 819
853.
543
trousers
pantelon
[lɔ̀gbɔ̀dɔ̀ lóbà]
[lɔ̀ɡbɔ̀dɔ̀ lóbà]
lɔgbɔdɔ loba
854.
(96; 1155)
wax
cire
[œ́hérœ́]
[éhérə́]
eherœ
855.
679
well (n)
puits
[kùdú ungú]
[kùdú úŋɡú]
kudu ungu
856.
672
bedroom
boudoire / chambre
[gbɔ̀shɔ̀]
[ɡbɔ̀ʃɔ̀]
gbɔshɔ
cf. 877
857.
534
camp
camp
[gbāgbā]
[ɡbāɡbā]
gbagba
‘camp for travelers’; cf. 858; 860; 863; 865
[ábá]
[ábá]
aba
‘camp for initiation rite’
858.
770
cattle pen
enclos (bétail)
[gbāgbā]
[ɡbāɡbā]
gbagba
cf. 857
859.
662
compound
concession
[bɨ́ngɨ́]
[bɨ́ŋɡɨ́]
bɨngɨ
cf. 868
860.
675
courtyard
cour
[gbāgbā]
[ɡbāɡbā]
gbagba
no recording; cf. 857
861.
(742)
cultivated ground
terre cultivée
[vúdà]
[vúdà]
vuda
862.
(530)
district; province; country
pays; province
[œ́gérœ́ ōgō]
[éɡérə́ ōɡō]
egerœ ogo
no recording; cf. 881
863.
(675)
enclosure
enclos
[gbāgbā]
[ɡbāɡbā]
gbagba
cf. 857
864.
674
entrance hut
entrée de concession
[màndà gbāgbā]
[màndà ɡbāɡbā]
manda gbagba
865.
(743)
farm (n)
ferme
[gbàdʒàdʒà]
[ɡbàdʒàdʒà; ɡbāɡbā]
gbadjadja; gbagba
cf. 857
866.
848
fork (in road etc)
bifurcation
[shàngbédà]
[tʃàŋɡbédà]
tshangbeda
867.
955
grave
tombe; sepulchre
[tsápádú]
[tʃápádú]
tshapadu
cf. 874
868.
(662)
home
domicile
[bɨ́ngɨ]
[bɨ́ŋɡɨ]
bɨngɨ
cf. 859
869.
662
house
maison
[àndà]
[àndà]
anda
870.
673
kitchen
cuisine
[àndà òwò]
[àndà òwò]
anda owo
871.
535
market (n)
marché
[gàlá]
[ɡàlá]
gala
loan from Sango
872.
1259
open place
endroit ouvert
[ɨ́ngbɨ́ óshó]
—
—
cf. 688
873.
—
pasture
pâturage
[ɔ̀ndɔ̀]
[ɔ̀ndɔ̀]
ɔndɔ
874.
(931;956)
place of the dead
cimetière
[tsápádú]
[tʃápádú]
tshapadu
French: séjour des morts (spiritual); cf. 867
875.
—
place or thing for eating
chose d’alimentation
[œrœ̀ kœ́zɨ̄]
—
—
876.
—
ritual place
place des rites
[tʃálɔ̀ndɔ̀ ɨpi]
[tʃálɔ̀ndɔ̀ īpī]
tshalɔndɔ ipi
877.
671
room
chambre
[gbɔ̀shɔ̀]
[ɡbɔ̀ʃɔ̀]
gbɔshɔ
cf. 856
878.
(672)
sleeping place
logement
[œ́sœ́ ōlō]
[ə́sə́ ōlō]
œsœ olo
879.
761
threshing-floor
aire de battage
[làkɨ̄rɨ̄]
[làkɨ̄rɨ̄]
lakɨrɨ
880.
532
town
ville
[ōngbō]
[ōŋɡbō]
ongbo
881.
533
village
village
[ōgō]
[ōɡō]
ogo
cf. 862
882.
588
beer
bière
[œ́pí mbùndʒú]
[ípí mbùndʒú]
ipi mbundju
883.
575
bread
pain
[kœ́zō gàràngà]
[kə́zō ɡàràŋɡà]
kœzo garanga
884.
574
bread; mush
pain; boule
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
885.
573
broth; sauce
sauce; soupe
[úngú dɔ̀ngɔ́]
[úŋɡú dɔ̀ŋɡɔ́]
ungu dɔngɔ
cf. 912
886.
(572)
castor oil
huile de castor
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
887.
1206
chaff
balle; menue paille
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
888.
586
curdled milk
lait caillé
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
889.
1066
egg
œuf
[œ̄pōrō ~ ōpōrō]
[ōpōrō]
oporo
890.
571
fat (of animals)
graisse
[óʒóró]
[óʒóró]
ojoro
891.
577
flour
farine
[zúwū]
[zúwū]
zuwu
892.
569
food
nourriture
[kœ́zɨ̀rœ̀]
[kə́zɨ̀rɨ̀]
kœzɨrɨ
893.
1207
fruit
fruit
[léyɔ̄]
[élé ɔ̄jɔ̄]
ele ɔyɔ
cf. 57
894.
683
garden
jardin
[yākɨ̄ndɨ̄]
[jākɨ̄ndɨ̄]
yakɨndɨ
lit. ‘little field’. cf. 669
895.
(1202)
grain of seed
grain de semence
[ngwàrœ̀]
[ŋɡo̯àrə̀]
ngwarœ
896.
678
granary
grenier
[kógbà]
[kóɡbà]
kogba
897.
—
gruel
brouet
[kàbvá]
[kàⱱ̟á]
kavwa
[fàngú]
[fàŋɡú]
fangu
one token
898.
756
harvest (n)
moisson
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
899.
589
honey
miel
[œ́ʒóró àwátœ̀rœ̀]
[óʒóró àwátèrə̀]
ojoro awaterœ
900.
582
leftovers (food)
ce qui reste
[údú dɔ̀ngɔ́]
[údú dɔ̀ŋɡɔ́]
udu dɔngɔ
901.
(709)
lump
bloc
—
—
—
no entry; no recording. French should be ‘morceau’.
902.
589
mead (beer)
bière
[œ́pí mbùndʒú]
[ípí mbùndʒú]
ipi mbundju
no recording
903.
570
meat
viande
[sóngbā]
[sóŋɡbā]
songba
cf. 40
904.
585
milk
lait
[úngú ɔ̀ngɔ̀]
[úŋɡú ɔ̀ŋɡɔ̀]
ungu ɔngɔ
905.
(588)
millet-beer
bière de mil
[làkpòtò]
[làkpòtò]
lakpoto
[làbòtò]
[làɓòtò]
la'boto
906.
572
oil
huile
[kádá]
[kádá]
kada
907.
1168
palm oil
huile de palme
[kádá ngímá]
[kádá ŋɡímá]
kada ngima
908.
590
palm-wine
vin de palme
[kàbá ngímá]
[kàbá ŋɡímá]
kaba ngima
909.
574
pap
bouillie
[fàngú]
[fàŋɡú]
fangu
910.
1223
pepper
poivre; piment
[dʒèngétè]
[dʒèŋɡétè]
djengete
911.
578
salt
sel
[ɨ̀ngbɨ̀rɨ̀]
[ɨ̄ŋɡbɨ̄rɨ̀; ɨ̀ŋɡbɨ̀rɨ̀]
ɨngbɨrɨ
cf. 956
912.
573
soup
soupe
[úngú dɔ̀ngɔ́]
[úŋɡú dɔ̀ŋɡɔ́]
ungu dɔngɔ
cf. 885
913.
—
vegetable
legumes
[kākó dɔ̀ngɔ́]
[kākó dɔ̀ŋɡɔ́]
kako dɔngɔ
914.
(587; 590)
wine (alcohol)
vin (boisson fermentée)
[ngbákò]
[ŋɡbákò]
ngbako
915.
1312
ashes
cendres
[vòròwò]
[vōrōwò; vòròwò]
vorowo; vorowo
916.
626
basket
panier
[kìngì]
[kìŋɡì]
kingi
917.
629
bottle
bouteille
[āngā]
[āŋɡā]
anga
918.
621
bowl
bol
[āngā]
[āŋɡā]
anga
no recording
919.
734
broom
balai
[sùrà]
[sùrà]
sura
920.
628
calabash
calebasse
[āngā]
[āŋɡā]
anga
no recording
921.
1311
charcoal
charbon
[ngɨ̄rɨ̄wò]
[ŋɡɨ̄rɨ̄wò; ŋɡɨ̄rɨ̄wù]
ngɨrɨwo; ngɨrɨwu
922.
610
cooking pot (earthenware)
marmite
[tà'wá]
[tàʔo̯á]
ta'wa
cf. 932
923.
614
cooking stone
pierre à cuisiner
[yāmbùrù]
[jāmbùrù]
yamburu
cf. 926
924.
576
crust (n)
croûte
[ɔ́'ɔ́rɔ́]
[ɔ́ʔɔ́rɔ́]
ɔ'ɔrɔ
925.
(1312)
embers
braise
[ʒīwù]
[ʒīwù]
jiwu
926.
1309
fireplace
foyer
[yāmbùrù]
[jāmbùrù]
yamburu
cf. 923
927.
1310
firewood
bois à brûler
[yāwò]
[jāwò]
yawo
928.
615
grinding stone
meule
[yālàwū]
[jālāwū; jālàwū]
yalawu
cf. 938
929.
786
knife
couteau
[kàmbà]
[kàmbà]
kamba
930.
613
ladle
louche
[málègbāngā]
[málèɡbāŋɡā]
malegbanga
931.
617
lower grinding stone
bas de la meule
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
932.
611
metal pot
marmite
[tà'wá]
[tàʔo̯á]
ta'wa
cf. 922
933.
618
pestle
pilon
[tʃèɔ̄gàfūrū]
[tʃèjɔ̄ ɡàfūrū; tʃèɔ̄ ɡàfūrū]
tsheyɔ gafuru; tsheɔ gafuru
cf. 1089
934.
620
plate
assiette
[kàlángó]
[kàláŋɡò]
kalango
935.
612
pot (for water)
pot à eau
[lɔ̄sú úngú]
[lɔ̄sú úŋɡú]
lɔsu ungu
936.
(1312)
soot
suie
[ūmbūrū]
[ūmbūrū]
umburu
937.
623
spoon
cuillère
[kœ̀lé]
[kə̀lə́; kèlə́]
kœlœ; kelœ
938.
616
upper grinding stone
haut de la meule
[yālàwū]
[jālāwū]
yalawu
cf. 928
939.
(620)
utensil
ustensile
[gbārœ̀]
[ɡbārə̀]
gbarœ
940.
606
bake in ashes
faire cuire dans le cendre
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
941.
608
boil
bouillir
[kœ́yù œ̀rœ̀]
[ju ə̀rə̀]
yu œrœ
942.
608
boil over
déborder
[kə́'òmà]
[ʔomà]
'oma
943.
608
bubble up
déborder en bouillonant
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
944.
603
cook
cuire
[kœ́lù œ̀rœ̀]
[lu]
lu
cf. 969; 981; 984; 1815
945.
642
cover
couvrir
[kœ́zà tsù gàpá]
[zàtʃù ɡàpá]
zatshu gapa
946.
592
cut (tr.)
couper
[kœ́wà]
[wa]
wa
[kœ́dè]
[de]
de
947.
(598)
filter (v)
filtrer
[kœ́sà]
[sa]
sa
cf. 959
948.
605
fry
frire
[kœ́vrò]
[vorò]
voro
949.
601
knead
pétrir
[kœ́zàtsə́lœ́]
[za tʃə́lə́]
za tshœlœ
950.
596
mix (v)
mélanger
[kœ́dʒàngà]
[dʒaŋɡà]
djanga
951.
595
peel (v)
peler
[kə́tʃɔ̀ tʃápá ə̀rə̀]
[tʃɔ tʃápá ə̀rə̀]
tshɔ tshapa œrœ
952.
602
pluck (chicken)
arracher
[kə́shèkè]
[ʃekè]
sheke
953.
599
pound
piler
[kœ́tɔ̀]
[tɔ; tɔ ndàwò]
tɔ; tɔ ndawo
954.
(603)
put a pot on the fire
poser une marmite sur le feu
[kœ́zà tà'wá gátàwó]
[za tàʔo̯á ɡátàwó]
za ta'wa gatawo
955.
604
roast (v)
rôtir
[kœ́zò]
[zo]
zo
956.
578
salt (v)
sel
[ɨ̀ngbɨ̀rɨ̀]
—
—
Speaker produced noun. cf. 911
957.
(598)
sieve (v)
passer au crible
[kə́yèkè]
[jekè]
yeke
958.
597
stir
remuer
[kœ́dʒèrə̀ tsə́lœ́]
[dʒerə̀; dʒerə̀ ndə́]
djerœ; djerœ ndœ
959.
598
strain
filtrer
—
—
—
no entry; no recording; cf. 947
960.
—
take from cooking fire
ôter du feu
[kœ́zà tàwó]
[za tàwó]
za tawo
Tones on recording do not match transcription.
961.
—
take out of water
faire sortir de l’eau
[kœ́gbɔ̀tɔ̀ úngú]
[ɡbotà úŋɡú]
gbota ungu
962.
634
take out (from container)
faire sortier (d’une marmite)
[kœ́tò]
[to]
to
963.
—
agriculture
agriculture
[kɨ̄ndɨ̄]
[kɨ̄ndɨ̄]
kɨndɨ
cf. 669
964.
752
hoe
houe
[ngápó]
[ŋɡápó]
ngapo
965.
753
(big) hoe
grande houe
[kpōkɔ̀]
[kpōkɔ̀]
kpokɔ
966.
754
sickle
faucille
[màgèà]
[màɡe̯à]
magya
967.
763
winnow (n)
van
[tsɨ̄kɨ̄rɨ̄]
[tʃɨ̄kɨ̄rɨ̄]
tshɨkɨrɨ
968.
1460
break off (tr.)
détacher; caisser
[kœ́sɔ̀]
[sɔ]
sɔ
969.
742
cultivate
cultiver: biner; sarcher (avec une houe)
[kœ́lù]
[lu]
lu
cf. 944
970.
758
dig up (yams)
arracher
[kœ́kàkàrà]
[kakàrà]
kakara
971.
767
domesticate; tame
dompter
[kœ́gbɔ̀ndœ́]
[ɡbɔ ndə́]
gbɔ ndœ
cf. 1959
972.
772
feed (animals)
donner à manger
[kœ́tò kœ́zɨ̀rœ̀]
[to kə́zɨ̀rɨ̀]
to kœzɨrɨ
973.
(759)
gather (fruit)
cueillir
[kœ́kɔ̀ léyɔ̄]
[kɔ léjɔ̄]
kɔ leyɔ
974.
757
harvest (maize) (v)
récolter du maïs
[kœ́sɔ̀ màngé]
[sɔ màŋɡé]
sɔ mange
975.
760
harvest (rice) (v)
récolter du riz
[kœ́vèrœ̀ ə́léwō]
[verə̀ élé ōwō; verə̀ éléwō]
verœ ele owo; verœ elewo
976.
760
harvest; reap
récolter
[kœ́kɔ̀]
[kɔ]
kɔ
one token
[kœ́sɔ̀]
[sɔ]
sɔ
one token
[kœ́dʒì]
[dʒi]
dji
one token
977.
768
herd (cattle or sheep) (v)
garder le bétail
[kœ́gbɔ̀ndə́ àgèà]
[ɡbɔ ndə́ àɡe̯à]
gbɔ ndœ agya
cf. 553; 1959
978.
766
husk (corn) (v)
éplucher le mais
[kœ́sɔ̀ ɔ́kɔ́ màngé]
[sɔ ɔ́kɔ́ màŋɡé]
sɔ ɔkɔ mange
979.
769
lead (out) cattle
mener (bétail)
[kə́tɔ̀ àgèà]
[tɔ àɡe̯à]
tɔ agya
980.
759
pick (fruit)
cueillir (fruit)
—
—
—
no entry; no recording; cf. 973
981.
748
plant (v)
planter; semer
[kœ́lù]
[lu]
lu
cf. 944
[kœ́shì]
[ʃi]
shi
982.
758
plant; harvest (yams) (v)
cultiver des ignames
[kœ́shì ābā]
[ʃi ābā]
shi aba
983.
765
shell (groundnuts) (v)
décortiquer les arachides
[kœ́fè gbàgà]
[fe ɡbàɡà]
fe gbaga
984.
748
sow
semer
[kœ́lù]
[lu]
lu
no recording. cf. 944
985.
760
take out (honey from hive)
faire sortir du miel
[kə́gbɔ̀tɔ̀ àwátə̀rə̀]
[ɡbotà àwátèrə̀]
gbota awaterœ
986.
769
tend animals
exercer l’élevage
[kœ́gùmà sœ́ àyàrœ̀]
[ɡumà sə́ àjàrə̀]
guma sœ ayarœ
987.
771
tether (sheep or goats) (v)
attacher
[kœ́dù]
[du]
du
988.
762
thresh
battre (le blé)
[kœ́ɓì]
[ɓi]
'bi
989.
(748)
thrust into the ground; plant
planter
[kœ́shì]
[ʃi]
shi
cf. 993
990.
749
transplant
transplanter; repiquer (des plantes)
[kœ́shì tʃə́lə́]
[ʃi tʃə́lə́]
shi tshœlœ
991.
750
weed (v)
désherber
[kœ́grà]
[ɡarà]
gara
one token
[kœ́ngrù]
[ŋɡurù]
nguru
one token
[kə́sù]
[su]
su
one token
992.
764
winnow (v)
vanner
[kœ́pè]
[pe]
pe
993.
954
bury
enterrer
[kœ́shì]
[ʃi]
shi
cf. 989
994.
717
chop into pieces
hacher; couper en morceau
[kœ́dè tsə́lœ́]
[de tʃə́lə́]
de tshœlœ
995.
(747)
clear away
enlever; ôter
[kə́ndʒɔ̀ tsə́lə́]
[ndʒɔ tʃə́lə́]
ndjɔ tshœlœ
996.
713
cut down
abattre (un arbre)
[kœ́bvà ɔ̄yɔ̄]
[ⱱ̟a ɔ̄jɔ̄]
vwa ɔyɔ
997.
593
cut open
ouvrir avec un couteau
[kœ́'òrò]
[ʔorò]
'oro
998.
592
cut; fetch firewood
couper; chercher de bois à feu
[kœ́dè]
[de]
de
‘cut’
[kœ́pàrà yawò]
[parà jāwò]
para yawo
lit. ‘look for firewood’
999.
(1484)
daub
crépir
[kœ́dʒà àndà]
[dʒa àndà]
dja anda
1000.
898
decorate
décorer
[kœ́tà àmbàrà]
[ta àmbàrà]
ta ambara
1001.
740
dig
creuser
[kœ́dʒì]
[dʒi]
dji
three tokens. cf. 1007
1002.
738
draw water
puiser l’eau
[kœ́sù úngú]
[su]
su
1003.
677
fence in
clôturer
[kə́sù gbàdʒà]
[su ɡbàdʒà]
su gbadja
Mispronunciation on first token?
1004.
(705)
forge (v)
forger
[kœ́tɔ̀ ndàwò]
[tɔ; tɔ ndàwò]
tɔ; tɔ ndawo
1005.
600
grind
moudre
[kœ́tɔ̀]
[tɔ; tɔ ndàwò]
tɔ; tɔ ndawo
1006.
647
heap up
entasser
[kœ́kpù]
[kpu]
kpu
1007.
715
hollow out
creuser
[kœ́dʒì]
[dʒi]
dji
cf. 1001
1008.
—
interface
entrelacer
[kœ́pàlà]
[palà]
pala
1009.
1496
light (v)
allumer
[kœ́ngbɔ̀ òwò]
[ŋɡbɔ]
ngbɔ
cf. 1020
1010.
(639)
open (set ajar) (as a door)
ouvrir une porte
[kœ́kɔ̀rɔ̀ màndà]
[kɔrɔ̀ màndà]
kɔrɔ manda
1011.
650
pack (v)
emballer
[kœ́gwà]
[ɡo̯a]
gwa
[kœ'ì]
[ʔi]
'i
cf. 1817
1012.
853
paddle (v)
pagayer
[kœ́'ì ká'éá]
[ʔi káʔe̯á]
'i ka'ya
[kœ́sù tómbò]
—
—
1013.
558
plait (v)
natter; tresser
[kœ́dzò]
[dʒo]
djo
cf. 1814; 1873
1014.
736
polish
polir
[kœ́yè kóté]
[je kóté]
ye kote
1015.
632
pour
verser
[kœ́zà sù]
[va; su]
va; su
1016.
(644)
put away; store
mettre à côté; garder
[kœ́zà gándɨ̀rɨ̀ nœ̀]
[za ɡándɨ̀rɨ̀ nə̀; ɡumà sə́ ə̀rə̀]
za gandɨrɨ nœ; guma sœ œrœ
1017.
(1496)
rub (fire) with firestick
allumer le feu par frottement
[kœ́'ɨ̀rɨ̀ òwò]
[ʔɨrɨ̀ òwò]
'ɨrɨ owo
1018.
1538
sharpen (as a knife)
aiguiser
[kœ́kì àmà]
[ki àmà]
ki ama
1019.
1539
sharpen (as an arrow) (bring to a point)
tailler en pointe
[kœ́ngàlà àmà]
[ŋɡalà àmà]
ngala ama
1020.
735
sweep
balayer
[kœ́ngbɔ̀]
[ŋɡbɔ]
ngbɔ
cf. 1009
1021.
656
tie a knot
nouer
[kœ́dùlà]
[dulà]
dula
1022.
(656)
tie up
attacher
[kœ́dù]
[du]
du
1023.
657
untie
dénouer
[kœ́zù tsə́lə́ ə̀rə̀]
[zu tʃə́lə́ ə̀rə̀]
zu tshœlœ œrœ
[kœ́bvàrà tsə́lœ́ ə̀rə̀]
[ⱱ̟arà tʃə́lə́ ə̀rə̀]
vwara tshœlœ œrœ
1024.
737
wash clothes
laver des habits
[kœ́dʒùtɔ̀ lóbà]
[dʒitɔ̀ lóbà]
djitɔ loba
[kœ́yùtɔ̀ lóbà]
[jutɔ̀ lóbà]
yutɔ loba
1025.
1535
weigh
peser
[kœ́lìngbì]
[liŋɡbì]
lingbi
1026.
491
whip (v)
fouetter
[kœ́sɔ̀ dœ̀ ndʒàpà]
[sɔ də̀ ndʒàpà]
sɔ dœ ndjapa
1027.
781
arrow
flèche
[wólé]
[wélé; wólé]
wele; wole
1028.
716
axe
hache
[gòndá]
[ɡòndá]
gonda
1029.
805
bait
amorce
[ámbálá]
[ámbálá]
ambala
1030.
790
birdlime (adhesive to catch birds)
glu
[úkú]
[úkú]
uku
cf. 1050
1031.
780
bow
arc
[ndʒóbóró]
[ndʒóbóró]
ndjoboro
1032.
(780)
bowstring
corde d’arc
[úwú ndzóbóró]
[úwú ndʒóbóró]
uwu ndjoboro
cf. 835
1033.
(755; 786)
bush-knife
machette
[kàlàwò]
[kālāwō]
kalawo
1034.
788
club; cudgel
bâton
[ɔ̄yɔ̄]
[ɔ̄jɔ̄]
ɔyɔ
cf. 590
1035.
801
fish trap
nasse
[ngɔ́lɔ̄]
[ŋɡɔ́lɔ̄; ŋɡólò]
ngɔlɔ; ngolo
[àyà]
[àjà]
aya
1036.
804
fishhook
hameçon
[ngàdà]
[ŋɡàdà]
ngada
cf. 815
1037.
803
fishing line
ligne à pêche
[úwú ngàdà]
[úwú ŋɡàdà]
uwu ngada
cf. 835
1038.
802
fishing net
filet de pêche
[gbándà àgèàngú]
[ɡbándà àɡe̯àŋɡú]
gbanda agyangu
1039.
872
gun
fusil
[ngòmbè]
[ŋɡòmbè]
ngombe
1040.
783
head of arrow; spear head
point (d’une flèche; d’une lance)
[àlà wólé]
[àlà wólé]
ala wole
for arrow
[àlà ūdū]
[àlà ūdū]
ala udu
for spear
1041.
1026
hide (of animal)
peau; cuir
[ɔ́kɔ́]
[ɔ́kɔ́]
ɔkɔ
cf. 14
1042.
(775)
hunting
chasse
[óró]
[óró]
oro
1043.
789
hunting net
filet
[gbándà]
[ɡbándà]
gbanda
cf. 1045
1044.
785
lance (spear) (n)̠
lance
[ūdū]
[ūdū]
udu
1045.
(789; 802)
net
filet
[gbándà]
[ɡbándà]
gbanda
cf. 1043
1046.
784
quiver (n)
carquois
[kɨ̄rɨ̄ngbādē]
[kɨ̄rɨ̄ŋɡbādē]
kɨrɨngbade
1047.
781
shaft (of arrow)
bois d’une flèche
[ɨ́yí wólé]
[íjí wólé]
iyi wole
1048.
871
sword
épée
[ɨ̄ngɨ̄rɨ̄ kàmbà]
[ɨ̄ŋɡɨ̄rɨ̄ kàmbà]
ɨngɨrɨ kamba
1049.
787
throwing stick (n)
báton de jet
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
1050.
793
trap (n)
piège
[úkú]
[úkú]
uku
cf. 1030
1051.
791
(falling) trap
piège qui tombe
[gbàràgà]
[ɡbàràɡà]
gbaraga
[shèngà]
[ʃèŋɡà]
shenga
1052.
(793)
catch (person or animal)
prendre (personne ou animal)
[kœ́zà uzu]
[za]
za
‘catch person’. one token. cf. 1237.
[kœ́zà àgèà]
—
—
‘catch animal’. one token.
1053.
797
cut up; flay; slaughter
détailler
[kə́wà tsə́lə́ 'éárá 'éárá]
[wa tʃə́lə́ ʔe̯árá-ʔe̯árá]
wa tshœlœ 'yara-'yara
[ʔe̯árá] might have been mispronounced
1054.
493
defend
défendre
[kœ́ngàpá]
[ŋɡapà]
ngapa
1055.
795
escape
échapper
[kœ́dɔ̀yí]
[dɔ jí]
dɔ yi
cf. 1056; 1790
1056.
794
evade
éviter
[kœ́dɔ̀yí]
[dɔ jí]
dɔ yi
cf. 1055
1057.
799
fish (v)
pêcher
[kœ́bvì ngàdà]
[ⱱ̟i ŋɡàdà]
vwi ngada
1058.
1465
gather
recueillir
[kœ́kɔ̀]
[kɔ]
kɔ
1059.
775
hunt (v)
chasser
[kœ́nà óró àgèà]
[na óró àɡe̯à]
na oro agya
1060.
1423
seize
saisir
[kœ́gbɔ̀tœ́ œ̀rœ̀]
[ɡbɔtə́ ə̀rə̀]
gbɔtœ œrœ
[kœ́tè pá ūzū]
[te pá ūzū]
te pa uzu
cf. 176
1061.
792
set (trap)
dresser un piège
[kœ́gɨ̀ úkú]
[ɡɨ úkú]
gɨ uku
cf. 1065
1062.
798
skin (v); take off skin
écorcher (un animal)
[kœ́sɔ̀ ɔ́kɔ́]
[sɔ ɔ́kɔ́]
sɔ ɔkɔ
1063.
797
slaughter
abattre
[kœ́wò]
[wo]
wo
1064.
776
stalk (v)
poursuivre
[kézà kópé]
[za kópé]
za kope
1065.
793
trap (animal) (v)
piéger
[kœ́gɨ̀ úkú]
[ɡɨ úkú]
gɨ uku
cf. 1061
1066.
549
bead
perle
[kōtā]
[kōtā]
kota
‘pearl’
[àkídʒì]
[àkídʒì]
akidji
‘plastic bead’
1067.
732
cloth
étoffe
[lóbà]
[lóbà; lə́bà]
loba; lœba
cf. 808; 1069
1068.
546
cloth worn by woman
pagne (de femme)
[ákpá lóbà]
[ákpá lóbà]
akpa loba
1069.
(536; 732)
clothes; material
étoffe
[lóbà]
[lóbà; lə́bà]
loba; lœba
cf. 1067
1070.
1244
cotton
coton
[tùkíà]
[tùkíà]
tukia
loan
1071.
728
hem (n)
bord
[àmà lóbà]
[àmà lóbà]
ama loba
1072.
726
needle
aiguille
[ɨ̄mbɨ̄lɨ̄]
[ɨ̄mbɨ̄lɨ̄]
ɨmbɨlɨ
[ēngē]
[ēŋɡē]
enge
1073.
731
weaving
l’acte de tisser
[kœ́dʒò œ̀rœ̀]
[dʒo ə̀rə̀]
djo œrœ
for mats and baskets; cf. 1077
1074.
(728)
hem (v)
mettre un bord
[kəkèvwè àmà lóbà]
[keⱱ̟è àmà lóbà]
kevwe ama loba
1075.
725
sew
coudre
[kœ́ɓɨ̀]
[ɓi; i]
'bi; i
[kœ́sù]
[su]
su
1076.
727
thread (beads) (v)
enfiler
[kə́yì úwú]
[ji úwú]
yi uwu
1077.
731
weave
tisser
[kə́kɔ̀]
[kɔ]
kɔ
for fabric; cf. 1073
1078.
(716)
adze
herminette
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
1079.
707
anvil
enclume
[zàyā]
[zàjā]
zaya
1080.
669
beam; rafter
poutre
[ngbɔ̀ndɔ̀]
[ŋɡbɔ̀ndɔ̀]
ngbɔndɔ
1081.
708
bellows
soufflet
[kɔ́ngbɔ́ ndàwò]
[kɔ́ŋɡbɔ́ ndàwò]
kɔngbɔ ndawo
1082.
723
chisel (n)
ciseau
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
1083.
1277
clay
argile
[ótó]
[ótó]
oto
cf. 1093
1084.
670
floor
sol
[ɔ̀shɔ̀]
[ɔ̀ʃɔ̀; lɔ̀ʃɔ̀]
ɔshɔ; lɔshɔ
cf. 680
1085.
705
forge (n)
forge
[ndàwò]
[ndàwò]
ndawo
1086.
706
hammer (n)
marteau
[àɓí]
[àɓí]
a'bi
1087.
692
ladder
échelle
[ángàlà]
[áŋɡàlà]
angala
cf. 1096
[ndʒàràpándà]
[ndʒàràpándà]
ndjarapanda
loan from Lingala ‘njelapanda’
1088.
690
lime; whitewash
chaux
[ngbèyà]
[ŋɡbèjà]
ngbeya
1089.
619
mortar
mortier
[gàfūrū]
[ɡàfūrū]
gafuru
cf. 933
1090.
724
nail (n)
clou
[ángéá]
[áŋɡe̯á]
angya
1091.
720
plank (n)
planche
[kpɨ̄ngbɨ̄lɨ̄]
[kpɨ̄ŋɡbɨ̄lɨ̄]
kpɨngbɨlɨ
1092.
689
plaster
plâtre; crépissage
[kœ́dʒà tʃápá àndà]
[kə́dʒà tʃápà àndà; kə́dʒà tʃápá nə̀]
kœdja tshapa anda; kœdja tshapa nœ
1093.
709
potter’s clay
terre de potier
[ótó]
[ótó]
oto
cf. 1083
1094.
711
potter’s kiln
four céramique
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
1095.
668
roof
toit
[kūmù àndà]
[kūmù àndà]
kumu anda
1096.
—
scaffolding
échafaudage
[ángàlà]
[áŋɡàlà]
angala
one token. cf. 1087
[ndʒàràpándà]
[ndʒàràpándà]
ndjarapanda
one token
1097.
—
(tree) stake
poteau; arbre
[dʒòyɔ̄]
[dʒòjɔ̄]
djoyɔ
1098.
688
thach (n)
chaume
[ēbē]
[ēbē]
ebe
1099.
(668; 688)
thatched roof
toit de chaume
[kūmù àndà ēbē]
[kūmù àndà ēbē]
kumu anda ebe
1100.
—
thin pole
bâton
[tsɔ̀ngbɔ́lɔ́]
[tʃɔ̀ŋɡbɔ́lɔ́]
tshɔngbɔlɔ
1101.
664
wall
mur
[ɨvu àndà]
[ūvū àndà]
uvu anda
1102.
695
wickerwork
vannerie
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
1103.
(652)
wire (n)
fil
[úwú]
[úwú]
uwu
cf. 835
1104.
703
work (n)
travail
[àkwà]
[àko̯à]
akwa
1105.
685
build
construire
[kœ́mɔ̀ àndà]
[mɔ]
mɔ
cf. 141
1106.
899
carve
sculpter
[kœ́gɨ̀]
[ɡɨ]
gɨ
1107.
(685)
construct; put together
construire
[kœ́shè gàtœ́nœ̀]
[ʃe ɡàtə́ nə̀]
she gatœ nœ
1108.
(704)
fix
réparer
[kœ́gùmà tʃándə́]
[ɡumà tʃándə́]
guma tshandœ
1109.
(706)
hit with a hammer
frapper avec un marteau
[kœ́ɓì]
[ɓi]
'bi
cf. 988; 1075; 1145; 1156; 1890; 1901; 1902
1110.
(1529)
make round; cut
tailler (rendre ronde)
[kœ́gɨ̀ tìndìbvɨ́rɨ́]
[ɡɨ tìndìⱱ̟ɨ́rɨ́]
gɨ tindivwɨrɨ
1111.
686
mark out; peg out (ground)
tracer des lignes d’un terrain
[kœ́wà]
[wa]
wa
1112.
704
mend; repair
reparer
[kœ́gùmà tʃándə́]
[ɡumà tʃándə́]
guma tshandœ
no recording
1113.
710
mould pottery
mouler
[kœ́zà tsœ́lœ́]
[za tʃə́lə́]
za tshœlœ
1114.
(704)
patch (v)
rapiécer
[kœ́sù sœ́]
[su sə́]
su sœ
1115.
715
plane off; hollow out
raboter
[kə́gɨ̀ tʃápá]
[ɡɨ tʃápá]
gɨ tshapa
[kə́gɨ̀ tʃə́lə́]
[ɡɨ tʃə́lə́]
gɨ tshœlœ
1116.
719
saw (wood) (v)
scier
[kœ́'òrò]
[ʔorò]
'oro
1117.
(703)
work as a mason
travailler comme maçon
[kœ́mbrœ̀ àkwà ɓātà àyīkœ́mɔ̀ndà]
[mbərə̀ àko̯à ɓātà àjī kə́mɔ̀ndà]
mbœrœ akwa 'bata ayi kœmɔnda
1118.
(708)
work the bellows
actionner le soufflet
[kœ́pè òwò]
[pè òwò]
pe owo
[kœ́tɔ̀ kɔ́ngbɔ́]
[tɔ kɔ́ŋɡbɔ́]
tɔ kɔngbɔ
1119.
(712)
work wood (v)
tailler du bois
[kœ́gɨ̀ ɔ̄yɔ̄]
[ɡɨ ɔ̄jɔ̄]
gɨ ɔyɔ
1120.
811
belongings
biens
[ə̀rə̀ nə́ ūzū]
[ə̀rə̀ nə́ ūzū]
œrœ nœ uzu
1121.
834
debt
dette
[kūɗā]
[kūɗā]
ku'da
1122.
823
expensiveness
cherté
[àmànœ̀ gbɔ̂gbɔ̀]
[ɡbɔ]
gbɔ
cf. 1236
1123.
824
inexpensive(ness)
prix bas
[àmànœ̀ mɔ̂mɔ̀]
[mɔ]
mɔ
cf. 141
1124.
840
inheritance
heritage
[œ̀rœ̀ tsángbá]
[ə̀rə̀ tʃáŋɡbá]
œrœ tshangba
1125.
817
money
l’argent
[ngèndʒà]
[ŋɡèndʒà]
ngendja
cf. 841
1126.
827
payment
paiement
[kə́gbɔ̀ kōwō]
[kə́ɡbɔ̀ kōwō]
kœgbɔ kowo
1127.
(816)
poverty
pauvreté
[òyò]
[òjò]
oyo
cf. 1131; 1373; 1375; 1392
1128.
825
price
prix
[àmà œ̀rœ̀]
[àmà]
ama
cf. 67
1129.
838
tax (v)
impôt
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
1130.
839
tribute
tribut
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
1131.
816
(be) poor
pauvre
[kə́sə̀ də òyò]
[òjò]
oyo
cf. 1127
1132.
815
(be) rich
devenir riche
[kœ́tè àyī ngèndzà]
[te àjī ŋɡèndʒà]
te ayi ngendja
1133.
822
scarce; dear
rare; cher
[ə́sə́ nə̀ kâkà]
—
—
‘scarce’
1134.
820
buy
acheter
[kœ́yɔ̀ œ̀rœ̀]
[jɔ]
yɔ
1135.
834
(get into) debt
s’endetter
[kœ́dàkà œ̀rœ̀]
[dakà ə̀rə̀]
daka œrœ
1136.
(942)
give bridewealth
apporter le dot
[kœ́kò œ̀rœ̀ yāshē]
[ko ə̀rə̀ jāʃē]
ko œrœ yashe
1137.
830
hire (v)
employer
[kœ́zà ūzū àkwà]
[za ūzū àko̯à]
za uzu akwa
1138.
839
pay tribute
rendre tribut
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
1139.
834
pay (debt)
aquitter (une dette)
[kœ́gì kūɗā]
[ɡi kūɗā]
gi ku'da
1140.
828
pay (for goods or services)
payer
[kə́kò kōwō]
[ko kōwō]
ko kowo
cf. 678
1141.
828
pay (wages or fine)
payer (les employés; une amende)
[kœ́kò ngèndʒà]
[ko ŋɡèndʒà]
ko ngendja
1142.
(820)
purchase food
acheter du nourriture
[kœ́yɔ̀ kœ́zɨ̀rœ̀]
[jɔ kə́zɨ̀rɨ̀]
yɔ kœzɨrɨ
1143.
821
sell
vendre
[kœ́zà yɔ̀rœ̀]
[za jɔ̀rə̀]
za yɔrœ
1144.
883
dance (n)
danse
[ɨpi]
[īpī]
ipi
one token
[īpī]
[īpī]
ipi
one token
1145.
(895)
drumming
battage les tambours
[kœ́ɓì lēngā]
[ɓì lēŋɡā]
'bi lenga
one token. cf. 1109; 1156
[kœ́dà lēngā]
[da lēŋɡā]
da lenga
one token
1146.
885
(big) drum
tambour grand
[œ́gœ́rœ́ lēngā]
[éɡérə́ lēŋɡā]
egerœ lenga
1147.
—
(medium) drum
tambour moyen
[ūngūrū lēngā]
[ūŋɡūrū lēŋɡā]
unguru lenga
[ngbāngú]
[ŋɡbāŋɡú]
ngbangu
1148.
886
(small) drum
tambour (petit)
[ɔkɔ lenga]
[ɔ̄kɔ̄ lēŋɡā]
ɔkɔ lenga
1149.
887
(talking) drum
tambour parlant / tam-tam
[lenga]
[lēŋɡā; ókóró]
lenga; okoro
no recording
1150.
888
(hour glass) drum
tambour sablier
[ókpóró]
[ókóró]
okoro
no recording; ókóró ‘small talking drum’
1151.
889
flute
flute
[lùbà]
[lùbà]
luba
1152.
—
hand piano
piano à main
[tsàndʒà]
[tʃàndʒà]
tshandja
1153.
881
humming of a tune (n)
fredonnement
[ngbángɨ́rɨ́ ītsī]
[ŋɡbáŋɡɨ́rɨ́ ītʃī]
ngbangɨrɨ itshi
1154.
878
music
musique
[ɨpi]
—
—
[ɨtsi]
—
—
1155.
879
song
chanson
[ītʃī]
[ītʃī]
itshi
1156.
(895)
beat (drum)
battre (du tambour)
[kœ́dà lēngā]
[da lēŋɡā]
da lenga
one token. cf. 1109; 1145
[kœ́ɓì lēngā]
[ɓì lēŋɡā]
'bi lenga
one token
1157.
896
blow (horn)
sonner (cor)
[kə́'ùrù]
[ʔurù]
'uru
1158.
(884)
dance in a trance
danser dans l’extase
[kœ́ngɔ̀ īpī]
[ŋɡɔ īpī]
ngɔ ipi
1158b.
—
whistle
siffler
[kə́'ùrù ɨ̀dɨ̀]
[ʔurù ɨ̀dɨ̀]
ʔurù ɨ̀dɨ̀
1159.
884
dance (v)
danser
[kœ́vì īpī]
[vi īpī]
vi ipi
1160.
(880)
harmonise
harmoniser
[kœ́lì àlà]
[li àlà]
li ala
1161.
895
play (instrument)
jouer un instrument
[kœ́nɔ̀ kùndi]
[nɔ]
nɔ
1162.
(880)
praise; sing
louer; chanter
[kœ́dɔ̀ngɔ̀ ītʃī]
[dɔŋɡɔ̀ ītʃī]
dɔngɔ itshi
cf. 1307
1163.
880
sing
chanter
[kœ́ɓì ītʃī]
[ɓi ītʃī]
'bi itshi
1164.
905
awe; fear of god
crainte de Dieu
[àwà Ndʒàbā]
[àwà ndʒàbā]
awa Ndjaba
cf. 1363
1165.
924
charm (fetish) (n)
amulette; charme; fétiche
[kàràvā]
[kàràvā]
karava
1166.
922
curse (n)
malédiction
[ndɨ́kɨ̄dʒí]
[ndɨ́kɨ̄dʒí]
ndɨkɨdji
1167.
(908)
devil
diable
[ngɔ̀ndòrò]
[ŋɡɔ̀ndòrò]
ngɔndoro
1168.
(908)
evil
mal; mauvais
[œ́kpé]
[ékpé]
ekpe
1169.
908; 924
fetish
fétiche
[ɔyɔ]
[ɔ̄jɔ̄]
ɔyɔ
cf. 590
1170.
909
ghost
fantôme
[àdʒùkùmá]
[àdʒùkùmá]
adjukuma
cf. 1175
1171.
906
God
Dieu
[Ndʒàba]
[Ndʒàbā; Ndʒàpā]
Ndjaba; Ndjapa
1172.
907
god
dieu
[ngɔ̀ndòrò]
[ŋɡɔ̀ndòrò]
ngɔndoro
no recording
1173.
(918)
magic
magie
[tèrœ̄]
[tèrə̄; tə̀rē]
terœ; tœre
1174.
209
medicine
médicamment / magie
[ɔyɔ]
[ɔ̄jɔ̄]
ɔyɔ
no recording; cf. 590
1175.
(908)
ogre
ogre
[àdʒùkùmá]
[àdʒùkùmá]
adjukuma
cf. 1170
1176.
917
omen
augure
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
1177.
—
religious avoidance
tabou
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
1178.
910
soul
âme
[íshírɨ́ ūzū]
[íʃírɨ́ ūzū]
ishirɨ uzu
1179.
911
spirit
esprit
[íshírɨ́]
[íʃírɨ́]
ishirɨ
no recording
1180.
916
vision (supernatural apparition)
vision; apparition
[kœ́wùrœ̀]
[kə́wùrə́]
kœwurœ
1181.
918
witchcraft
sorcellerie
[àndòrò]
[àndòrò]
andoro
[ràwò]
[ràwò]
rawo
1182.
927
(be) taboo
être tabou
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
1183.
916
bewitch
ensorceler
[kœ́zɨ̀ dœ̀ ràwò]
[zɨ də̀ ràwò]
zɨ dœ rawo
one token
[kœ́zɨ̀ dœ̀ àndòrò]
[zɨ də̀ àndòrò]
zɨ dœ andoro
one token
1184.
208
cure (v)
guérir
[kœ́shè]
[ʃe]
she
1185.
920
curse (v)
maudire
[kœ́dàrà ndœ́ œ́shó]
[darà ndə́ óʃó]
dara ndœ osho
1186.
914
divine (v)
prédire
[kə́pà zūngbā'ò]
[pa zūŋɡbāʔò]
pa zungba'o
1187.
928
exorcise; drive out a devil
exorciser
[kœ́gɔ̀rɔ̀ œ́kpé íshírɨ́]
[ɡɔrɔ̀ ékpé íʃírɨ́]
gɔrɔ ekpe ishirɨ
1188.
—
make offerings to the dead
faire des libations aux morts
[kœ́tò ókóró fœ̄ àngɔ̀ndòrò]
[to ókóró fə̄ àŋɡɔ̀ndòrò]
to okoro fœ angɔndoro
1189.
923
poison (a person) (v)
empoisonner quelqu’un
[kœ́mbœ̀rœ̀ ūzū]
[mbərə̀ ūzū]
mbœrœ uzu
1190.
925
protect by charm
protéger par la magie
[kœ́tè ɔ̄yɔ̄]
[te ɔ̄jɔ̄]
te ɔyɔ
1191.
929
sacrifice (v)
sacrifier
[kœ́tè ūzū dœ̀ ɔ̄yɔ̄]
[te ūzū də̀ ɔ̄jɔ̄]
te uzu dœ ɔyɔ
1192.
—
affair
affaire
[ɨ̄pɨ̄]
[ɨ̄pɨ̄; ūpū]
ɨpɨ; upu
1193.
250
death
mort
[kùzū]
[òkò ūzū; kúzū]
oko uzu; kuzu
1194.
580
evening meal
repas du soir
[kœ́zɨ̀rœ̀ àdɨ̄là]
[kə́zɨ̀rɨ̀ àdɨ̄là]
kœzɨrɨ adɨla
1195.
—
fame
fait d’être célèbre
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
1196.
1341
famine
famine
[œ́gérœ́ ògò]
[éɡérə́ òɡò]
egerœ ogo
1197.
949
funeral
cérémonie funéraire
[mōwā]
—
—
[ngbâkōrō]
[ŋɡbáàkóró]
ngbaakoro
1198.
319
hardship; distress
épreuves; tribulation
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
1199.
300
kindness
bonté
[kœ́yìndœ́rœ̀]
[kə́jìndə́rə́]
kœyindœrœ
1200.
(379)
kinship
liaisons familiales
[àyó]
[àjó]
ayo
cf. 1370
1201.
940
marriage
mariage
[kœ́kò tœ́ àzū]
[kə́kò tə́ àzū]
kœko tœ azu
1202.
926
mask (n)
masque
[àwúá]
[àwúá]
awua
1203.
—
mistake
erreur
[dʒīngīlī]
[dʒīŋɡīlī]
djingili
1204.
950
mourning
deuil
[muwa]
[mōwā; mūwá]
mowa; muwa
1205.
946
polygamy
polygamie
[àyi àyāshē bīshà]
[àjī àjāʃē bīʃà]
ayi ayashe bisha
1206.
(705)
smithing
l’acte de forger
[kœ́tɔ̀ ndàwò]
[kə́tɔ̀ ndàwò]
kœtɔ ndawo
1207.
(517)
theft
vol (larcin)
[āngbā]
[āŋɡbā]
angba
cf. 387; 1279; 1420
1209.
420
abandon
abandonner
[kœ́fà tʃápá gbɔ̀]
[fa tʃápá ɡbɔ̀]
fa tshapa gbɔ
1208.
866
war
guerre
[kōshē]
[kōʃē; kōsē]
koshe; kose
1210.
291
abstain
s’abstenir
[kœ́bvàrà tœ́ œ́shó tœ́]
[ⱱ̟arà tə́ óʃó tə́]
vwara tœ osho tœ
1211.
—
abuse
maltraiter
[kœ́mbə̀rœ̀ tœ́]
[mbərə̀ tə́]
mbœrœ tœ
1212.
836
accept; receive; take
accepter
[kœ́yìndœ́ ò'ò]
[ji ndə́ òʔò]
yi ndœ o'o
cf. 1451
1213.
292
allow
laisser faire
[kœ́wù dœ̀ àlà]
[wu də̀ àlà]
wu dœ ala
1214.
516
appease
apaiser
[kœ́tè mbèrœ̀ mbèrœ̀]
[te mbèrə̀-mbèrə̀]
te mberœ-mberœ
1215.
417
assemble; meet
rassembler; rencontrer
[kə́ngbɔ̀ ɓà tâzə́]
[ŋɡbɔɓà tə́ àzə́]
ngbɔ'ba tœ azœ
cf. 1941
[kə́kpù tâzə́]
[kpu tə́ àzə́]
kpu tœ azœ
1216.
831
beg (for money)
mendier
[kœ́ʒè wùtù]
[ʒe wùtù]
je wutu
1217.
476
bless; forgive
bénir; pardonner
[kœ́tò kanœ́ gàpá]
[to kānə́ ɡàpá]
to kanœ gapa
‘bless’
[kœ́wù òyò ūzū]
[wu òjò ūzū]
wu oyo uzu
‘forgive’
1218.
832
borrow
emprunter
[kœ́dàkà]
[dakà]
daka
[kə́lì kūɗā]
[li kūɗā]
li ku'da
1219.
495
bring up (a child)
éléver (un enfant)
[kə́gbɔ̀ndə́ gbòlò]
[ɡbɔ̀ ndə́ ɡbòlò]
gbɔ ndœ gbolo
cf. 1959
1220.
485
caress
caresser
[kœ́'ù]
[ʔu]
'u
1221.
860
carry a child
porter un enfant
[kœ́zà gbòlò]
[za ɡbòlò]
za gbolo
1222.
(526)
cohabit
cohabiter
[kə́nà pá yāshē]
[na pá jāʃē]
na pa yashe
1223.
874
conquer; defeat
conquérir
[kœ́zà ōgō]
[za ōɡō]
za ogo
1224.
1466
divide
partager
[kœ́kùrù tsélœ́]
[kurù]
kuru
1225.
948
divorce
divorcer
[kœ́ndʒɔ̀ tʃágúrú]
[ndʒɔ tʃáɡúrú]
ndjɔ tshaguru
1226.
897
draw
dessiner; tracer
[kœ́mbrœ̀ œ́ndœ́]
[mbərə ə́ndə́]
mbœrœ œndœ
1227.
538
dress (some one)
habiller; vêtir
[kœ́vèrœ̀ lóbà]
[verə̀ lóbà]
verœ loba
1228.
422
drive away
chasser (éloigner)
[kœ́gɔ̀rɔ̀]
[ɡɔrɔ̀]
gɔrɔ
cf. 1804
1229.
182
(become) drunk
s’enivrer
[kœ́ndzò tɔ̀pánœ̀ kpùrú]
[ndʒo tɔ̀pánə̀ kpùrú]
ndjo tɔpanœ kpuru
1230.
526
dwell
habiter
[kə́sə̀]
[sə]
sœ
1231.
(140)
eat first of new crops
manger prémier du moisson
[kœ́zɨ̀ àkwándœ́ ngwàrœ̀]
[zɨ àko̯ándə́ ŋɡo̯àrə̀]
zɨ akwandœ ngwarœ
1232.
484
embrace
embrasser
[kœ́zòmà tœ́]
[zomà tə́]
zoma tœ
cf. 1250
1233.
819
exchange
échanger
[kœ́yì tœ̀ àgɔ́gɔ̀rɔ̀]
[ji tə̀ àɡɔ́ɡɔ̀rɔ̀]
yi tœ agɔgɔrɔ
1234.
509
fight
se battre
[kœ́ngà kōshē]
[ŋɡa kōʃē]
nga koshe
1235.
293
forbid
interdire
[kœ́pà gàtà]
[paɡàtà; pakàtà]
pagata; pakata
cf. 1262
1236.
808
get
recevoir
[kœ́gbɔ̀ œre]
[ɡbɔ]
gbɔ
cf. 131; 1122; 1265; 1282; 1417; 1642; 1738; 1739; 1740
1237.
809
give
donner
[kœ́zà fœ̄]
[za]
za
cf. 1052; 1284; 1775; 1860; 1944; 1956
1238.
(809)
give as a present
donner comme cadeau
[kœ́tò œ̀rœ̀]
[to]
to
1239.
445
goodbye; say; take leave of
quitter; dire au revoir
[kœ́gù dǎ]
[ɡu dàá]
gu daa
1240.
247
grow up
grandir
[kœ́gèrœ̀]
[ɡerə̀]
gerœ
cf. 650
1241.
389
guide (v)
guider
[kœ́yìsœ́]
[ji sə́; ji sə́rə̀]
yi sœ; yi sœrœ
cf. 1251
1242.
492
help
aider
[kœ́gì ūzū gá ūtsū nœ̀]
[ɡi ūzū ɡáūtʃū nə̀]
gi uzu gautshu nœ
[kœ́tò kānœ́ tə́]
[to kānə́ tə́]
to kanœ tœ
1243.
283
honour (v)
honorer
[kə́dòngò]
[dɔŋɡɔ̀; doŋɡɔ̀; doŋɡà]
dɔngɔ; dongɔ; donga
cf. 1307
[kə́gàmbà]
[ɡambà]
gamba
cf. 1401
1244.
(506)
incite
inciter
[kœ́'ù ūzū]
[ʔu ūzū]
'u uzu
[kœ́bɨ̀lɨ̀ ūzū]
[bɨlɨ̀ ūzū]
bɨlɨ uzu
1245.
841
inherit
héritier
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
1246.
417; 418
invite; assemble (people)
inviter; assembler
[kœ́bvà óshó ndœ́]
[ⱱ̟a óʃó ndə́]
vwa osho ndœ
[kœ́ngbɔ̀ɓà àzū]
[ŋɡbɔɓà tə́ àzə́]
ngbɔ'ba tœ azœ
cf. 1941
1247.
519
judge
juger
[kœ́wà ò'ò]
[wa òʔò]
wa o'o
1248.
1471
keep; put away
garder
[kə́gbɔ̀ ndə́]
[ɡbɔ ndə́]
gbɔ ndœ
cf. 1959
1249.
511
kill
tuer
[kœ́wò]
[wo]
wo
1250.
486
kiss (v)
embrasser; baiser
[kə́'ùrù tʃə́lə́ ūtū]
[ʔurù tʃə́lə́ ūtū]
'uru tshœlœ utu
cf. 1232
1251.
502
lead (v)
guider
[kœ́yì sœ́]
[ji sə́; ji sə́rə̀]
yi sœ; yi sœrœ
cf. 1241
1252.
833
lend
prêter
[kə́dàkà fœ̄]
[dakà fə̄]
daka fœ
1253.
494
look after
s’occuper de
[kœ́gbè dœ̀]
[ɡbe də̀]
gbe dœ
cf. 1446
1254.
939
marry
se marier
[kœ́tò yashe]
[to]
to
marry a wife
[kœ́zà yashe]
[za jāʃē]
za yashe
marry a wife
[kœ́'ì yakoshe]
[ʔi jākōʃē]
'i yakoshe
marry a husband
[kœ́tò yakoshe]
[to]
to
marry a husband
1255.
939
marry a wife
épouser une femme
[kœ́tò yashe]
—
—
no recording
[kœ́zà yashe]
[za jāʃē]
za yashe
no recording
1256.
414
meet
se rencontrer
[kœ́tògbɔ̀]
[toɡbɔ̀; toɡbà]
togbɔ; togba
cf. 1946
1257.
835
offer (v)
offrir
[kœ́zà fœ]
[za fə̄]
za fœ
1258.
(874)
overcome
vaincre
[kə́ròpá]
[ro pá]
ro pa
1259.
900
play (v)
jouer
[kœ́dùmɔ́lɔ̄]
[du mɔ́lɔ̄]
du mɔlɔ
1260.
505
please; satisfy
faire plaisir à
[kœ́gàtœ́]
[ɡa tə́]
ga tœ
1261.
877
plunder (a town)
piller; mettre à pillage (une ville)
[kə́kò dœ̀ ágbɔ́]
[ko də̀ ɔ́ɡbɔ́]
ko dœ ɔgbɔ
1262.
294
prevent
empêcher
[kœ́pàgàtà]
[paɡàtà; pakàtà]
pagata; pakata
cf. 1235
1263.
524
punish
punir
[kœ́zà yītúmbù]
[za jītúmbù]
za yitumbu
loan from Lingala ‘etumba’
1264.
508
quarrel
querelle
[œ́bœ́rœ́]
[ə́bə́rə́]
œbœrœ
1265.
836
receive
recevoir
[kœ́gbɔ̀ œ̀rœ̀]
[ɡbɔ ə̀rə̀]
gbɔ œrœ
cf. 1236
1266.
837
refuse
refuser
[kœ́bvàràtœ́]
[ⱱ̟arà tə́]
vwara tœ
1267.
810
return (give back) (tr.)
rendre
[kœ́gì fœ̄]
[ɡi]
gi
1268.
496
rule over
régner
[kœ́kòndʒà]
[kondʒà]
kondja
loan (from Lingala?)
[kə́sə̀ pá àzū]
[sə pá àzū]
sœ pa azu
1269.
500
send
envoyer
[kœ́bvà]
[ⱱ̟a]
vwa
1270.
(500)
send away
renvoyer
[kœ́gɔ̀rɔ̀]
[ɡɔrɔ̀]
gɔrɔ
cf. 1804
1271.
500
send (someone to do something)
envoyer qqn à faire qqch
[kœ́bvà ūzū ndœ́]
[ⱱ̟a ūzū ndə́]
vwa uzu ndœ
1272.
501
serve
servir
[kœ́mbrœ̀ àkwà fœ̄]
[mbərə̀ àko̯à fə̄]
mbœrœ akwa fœ
1273.
513
settle dispute
vider une querelle
[kœ́kɔ̀ tsœ́lœ́ œ́shó]
[kɔ tʃə́lə́ óʃó]
kɔ tshœlœ osho
1274.
264
show
montrer
[kœ́mà]
[ma]
ma
[kœ́yì sœ́]
[ji sə́; ji sə́rə̀]
yi sœ; yi sœrœ
1275.
(904)
smoke (tobacco) (v)
fumir (du tabac)
[kœ́ndʒò bòlò]
[ndʒo bòlò]
ndjo bolo
1276.
1365
spend time
passer le temps
[kə́ yà tə́]
[ja tə́]
ya tœ
1277.
870
spy (v)
espionner
[kœ́mbɨ̀mbɨ̀ sœ́]
[mbɨmbɨ̀ sə́]
mbɨmbɨ sœ
[kœ́zàrà sœ́]
[zarà sə́]
zara sœ
1278.
169
stand
être debout
[kœ́kà làfó]
[ka làfó]
ka lafo
1279.
517
steal
voler
[kœ́zɨ̀ āngbā]
[zɨ āŋɡbā]
zɨ angba
cf. 1207
1280.
(1403)
stop for the night
rester la nuit
[kœ́sœ̀pè būtsɔ́]
[səpè būtʃó]
sœpe butsho
1281.
644
store up
magasiner
[kœ́kò gálà kógbà]
[ko ɡálà kóɡbà]
ko gala kogba
1282.
297
succeed
réussir
[kœ́gbɔ̀]
[ɡbɔ]
gbɔ
cf. 1236
1283.
(492)
support
soutenir
[kœ́zà mɨ̀shó]
[za mɨ̀ʃó]
za mɨsho
1284.
1422
take
prendre
[kœ́zà]
[za]
za
cf. 1237
1285.
(154)
take a walk
faire une promenade
[kœ́nà átá œ́nœ́]
[na átá ə́nə́]
na ata œnœ
1286.
1628
take away
enlever
[kœ́gbòtɔ̀ œ̀rœ̀]
[ɡbotà ə̀rə̀]
gbota œrœ
1287.
263
teach
enseigner
[kœ́yì sœ́ œ̀rœ̀]
[ji sə́; ji sə́rə̀]
yi sœ; yi sœrœ
1288.
464
threaten
menacer
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
1289.
489
tickle (v)
chatouiller
[kœ́sɔ̀kóté]
[sɔ kótə́]
sɔ kotœ
1290.
539
undress
déshabiller
[kœ́vèrœ̀ tə́]
[verə̀]
verœ
1291.
1366
wait for
attendre (à)
[kœ́kàtè]
[katə̀; katè]
katœ; kate
1292.
563
wipe off (excreta)
essuyer (excrément)
[kœ́tùrù tsélœ́ bùdú]
[turù tʃə́lə́ bùdú]
turu tshœlœ budu
1293.
(703)
work (v)
travailler
[kœ́mbrœ̀ àkwà]
[mbərə̀ àko̯à]
mbœrœ akwa
1294.
483
account (report) (n)
rapport
[ndœ́mà'ò]
[ndə́màʔò]
ndœma'o
cf. 1304
1295.
473
agreement
accorde
[kə́yìndə́'ò]
[kə́jìndə́ʔò]
kœyindœ'o
1296.
447
announcement
annonce
[ndœ́mà'ò]
[ndə́màʔò]
ndœma'o
cf. 1304
1297.
498
command (n)
commandement
[ò'ò àkwà]
[òʔò àko̯à]
o'o akwa
one token
[ò'ò ōgō]
[òʔò ōɡō]
o'o ogo
one token. cf. 1301
1298.
116
groaning
gémissement
[ɨ̄kɨ̄]
[ɨ̄kɨ̄]
ɨkɨ
cf. 1310; 1311; 1338
1299.
(443)
hello
bonjour
[ábálá]
[ábálá]
abala
1300.
430
language
langue (parler)
[ò'ó àmà ōgō]
[òʔò àmà ōɡō]
o'o ama ogo
1301.
520
law
loi
[ò'ò ōgō]
[òʔò ōɡō]
o'o ogo
cf. 1297
1302.
452
lie (n) (falsehood)
mensonge
[wālā]
[wālā]
wala
cf. 1344
1303.
359
name
nom
[ɨ̄'ɨ̄rɨ̄]
[ɨ̄ʔɨ̄rɨ̄]
ɨ'ɨrɨ
1304.
448
news
nouvelles
[ndœ́mà'ò]
[ndə́màʔò]
ndœma'o
cf. 1294; 1296
1305.
1327
noise
bruit
[ɨ́ngɨ́rɨ́]
[ɨ̄ŋɡɨ̄rɨ̄]
ɨngɨrɨ
speaker corrected tone after first token
1306.
459
oath
vœu
[gbètsə́lə́]
[ɡbètʃə́lə́]
gbetshœlœ
cf. 1366
1307.
475
praise (n)
louange
[dɔ́ngɔ́]
[dɔ́ŋɡɔ́]
dɔngɔ
cf. 1162; 1243; 1622
1308.
458
promise (n)
promesse
[mbúlù]
[mbúlù]
mbulu
1309.
481
proverb
proverbe
[gbàgūrū]
[ɡbàɡūrū]
gbaguru
1310.
455
request (n)
demande
[ɨ̄kɨ̄]
[ɨ̄kɨ̄]
ɨkɨ
cf. 1298
1311.
1327
sound (n)
son
[ɨ̄kɨ̄]
[ɨ̄kɨ̄]
ɨkɨ
cf. 1298
[ngbánéá]
[ŋɡbáne̯á]
ngbanya
1312.
(482)
speech
parole
[ndœ́mà ūzū]
[ndə́mà ūzū]
ndœma uzu
[ò'ò ūzū]
[òʔò ūzū]
o'o uzu
1313.
480
story (tale)
conte
[ndœ́mà tòrò]
[ndə́màtòrò]
ndœmatoro
1314.
434
voice
voix
[tsáɗɔ̀ngɔ́rɔ́]
[tʃáɗɔ̀ŋɡɔ́rɔ́; tʃádɔ̀ŋɡɔ́rɔ́]
tsha'dɔngɔrɔ; tshadɔngɔrɔ
—
—
—
Speaker added [ɓáɗɔ̀ŋɡɔ́rɔ́].
1315.
951
wailing; ululation (at funeral)
ululation
[ó'ó]
[óʔó]
o'o
cf. 1359
1316.
(436)
whisper (n)
chuchotement
[hóyá ò'ò]
[hójá òʔò]
hoya o'o
1317.
(431)
word
mot
[ò'ò]
[òʔò]
o'o
1318.
469
accuse
accuser
[kœ́và ɔ̀tɔ̀ ūzū]
[va ɔ̀tɔ̀ ūzū]
va ɔtɔ uzu
1319.
450
advise
counseiller
[kœ́mɨ̀ ɨ̄pɨ̄]
[mɨ ɨ̄pɨ̄]
mɨ ɨpɨ
1320.
472
agree
se mettre d’accord
[kœ́ngbɔ̀ tœ́ oʔo]
[ŋɡbɔ tə́ òʔò]
ngbɔ tœ o'o
one token
[kœyi ndœ o'o]
[ji ndə́ òʔò]
yi ndœ o'o
one token. cf. 1451
1321.
446
announce
annoncer
[kœ́pàndœ́ òʔò]
[pa ndə́ ʔò]
pa ndœ 'o
1322.
456
answer (a call)
répondre (appel)
[kœ́gì òʔò]
[ɡi ʔò]
gi 'o
1323.
456
answer (v); reply
faire réponse à
[kœ́gì ò'ò fœ̄]
[ɡi ʔò fə̄]
gi 'o fœ
1324.
465
argue
se disputer
[kœ́brœ̀ tœ́ œ́shó]
[bərə̀ tə́ óʃó]
bœrœ tœ osho
1325.
453
ask
demander
[kœ́yɔ̀ ndœ́ œ̀rœ̀]
[jɔ ndə́]
yɔ ndœ
‘ask for something’
—
—
—
Speaker added [kə́jù óʃó] ‘ask for a response’
1326.
(435)
babble
babiller; babillage
[kœ́lè œ̀rœ̀]
[le ə̀rə̀]
le œrœ
1327.
(454)
beseech; entreat
supplier
[kœ́dɨ̀ tsélœ́mà fœ̄]
[dɨ tʃə́lə́mà fə̄]
dɨ tshœlœma fœ
1328.
478
boast; brag; praise oneself
se vanter
[kœ́zà tœ́]
[za tə́]
za tœ
1329.
444
call (v)
appeler
[kœ́'è œ́shó]
[ʔe óʃó]
'e osho
1330.
438
chat (v)
causer
[kœ́pà dùrú]
[pa dùrú]
pa duru
1331.
468
contradict
contredire
[kœ́fà ò'ò]
[fa òʔò]
fa o'o
1332.
437
cry out
crier
[kœ́tà ráwá]
[ta ráwá; ta rāwā]
ta rawa
cf. 1351
1333.
506
deceive
tromper
[kə́fàrà ūzū]
[farà ūzū]
fara uzu
1334.
470
deny
nier
[kə́vù sə́ ò'ò]
[vu sə́ òʔò]
vu sœ o'o
1335.
449
explain
expliquer
[kə́pà ndə́mà ʔò]
[pa ndə́màʔò]
pa ndœma'o
1336.
451
gossip (v)
bavarder
[kœ́pà pàrə̀]
[pa pàrə̀]
pa parœ
1337.
443
greet
saluer
[kə́bàlà ə́ʃó]
[balà; balà óʃó]
bala; bala osho
1338.
116
groan
gémir
[kœ́kɨ̀ ɨ̄kɨ̄]
[kɨ ɨ̄kɨ̄]
kɨ ɨkɨ
cf. 1298
1339.
1039
growl
grogner
[kœ́ngà àgèà]
[ŋɡa àɡe̯à]
nga agya
cf. 1341
1340.
467
grumble
grommeler
[kœ́ʒìngbà]
[ʒiŋɡbà]
jingba
[kœ́ngà fə̄]
[ŋɡa fə̄]
nga fœ
1341.
117
grunt with effort
grogner
[kœ́tɔ̀ ɔ̄kɔ̄]
[tɔ ɔ̄kɔ̄]
tɔ ɔkɔ
cf. 1339
1342.
134
hear
entendre
[kœ́dʒì ò'ò]
[dʒi]
dji
1343.
461
insult (v)
insulter
[kœ́gù œ́shó]
[ɡu óʃó]
gu osho
1344.
452
lie (v) (tell lies)
mentir
[kœ́pà wālā]
[pa wālā]
pa wala
cf. 1302
1345.
135
listen
écouter
[kœ́dʒì ò'ò]
[dʒi òʔò]
dji o'o
1346.
497
order (someone to do something)
commander
[kœ́kà pá ūzū]
[ka pá ūzū]
ka pa uzu
1347.
912
pray
prier
[kœ̀kì fœ̄]
[ki fə̄]
ki fœ
[kœ̀dɨ̀ tsélœ́mà fœ̄]
[dɨ tʃə́lə́mà fə̄]
dɨ tshœlœma fœ
1348.
914
prophesy
prophétiser
[kœ́gbàrà ò'ò]
[ɡbarà òʔò]
gbara o'o
1349.
442
remain silent
garder le silence
[kœ́sœ̀ kòkò]
[sə kòkò]
sœ koko
cf. 1674
1350.
433
say
dire
[kœ́pà 'ò]
[pa ʔò]
pa 'o
cf. 1353
1351.
437
shout (v)
crier
[kœ́tà ráwá]
[ta ráwá; ta rāwā]
ta rawa
cf. 1332
1352.
463
slander (v)
calomnier
[kœ́sœ̀ dœ̀ œ́kpé lɔ̀sù]
[sə də̀ ékpé lɔ̀sù]
sœ dœ ekpe lɔsu
[kœ́sœ̀ dœ̀ œ́kpé gbètsélœ́]
[sə də̀ ékpé ɡbètʃə́lə́]
sœ dœ ekpe gbetshœlœ
one token
1353.
435
speak
parler
[kœ́pà ò'ò]
[pa ʔò]
pa 'o
cf. 1350; 1356
1354.
440
stutter
bégayer
[kœ́pà ɔ̀gɔ̄ngɔ̀]
[pa ɔ̀ɡɔ̄ŋɡɔ̀]
pa ɔgɔngɔ
1355.
460
swear
jurer
[kœ́dàràmà]
[daràmà; darà àmà]
darama; dara ama
1356.
435
talk; cf. speak
parler
[kœ́pà'ò]
[pa ʔò]
pa 'o
cf. 1353
1357.
(433)
tell someone
dire à
[kœ́pà fœ̄]
[pa fə̄]
pa fœ
1358.
457
thank
remercier
[kœ́gì ɔ́tsɔ́ œ̀rœ̀]
[ɡi ɔ́tʃɔ́ ə̀rə̀]
gi ɔtshɔ œrœ
1359.
951
wail; ululate (at funeral)
uluer (pousser des you-you)
[kœ́'ò dzó]
[ʔo dʒó; óʔó]
'o djo; o'o
cf. 1315
1360.
882
whistle (v)
siffler
[kœ́'ùrù ɨ̀dɨ̀]
[ʔurù ɨ̄dɨ̄]
'uru ɨdɨ
1361.
129
dream (n)
rêve
[ūlū]
[ūlū]
ulu
1362.
(312)
eagerness; zeal
zèle
[kə́zà tœ́ ndœ́]
[za tə́ ndə́]
za tœ ndœ
1363.
276
fear (n)
peur
[àwà]
[àwà]
awa
cf. 277; 1164; 1380; 1394; 1419; 1444; 1821
1364.
(301)
generosity
bonté
[átsɔ́ lɔ̀sù]
[ɔ́tʃɔ́ lɔ̀sù]
ɔtshɔ lɔsu
1365.
(267)
giddiness
vertige
[gbābù]
[ɡbābù]
gbabu
1366.
254
hope (n)
espoir
[gbètsélœ́]
[ɡbètʃə́lə́]
gbetshœlœ
cf. 1306; 1391
1367.
(307)
jealousy
jalousie
[úkú]
[úkú]
uku
1368.
256
knowledge
science
[kœ́wùsœ̂rœ̀]
[kə́wùsə́rə̀]
kœwusœrœ
1369.
269
laughter
rire
[kœ́mɔ̀ ɔ́mɔ́]
[mɔ ɔ́mɔ́]
mɔ ɔmɔ
speaker provided verbal form. cf. 141; 1427
1370.
(284)
love (n)
amour
[àyó]
[àjó]
ayo
cf. 1200
1371.
(204)
madness
folie
[ɨ́yí]
[íjí]
iyi
cf. 1388
1372.
432
meaning
sens
[ádá ò'ò]
[ádá òʔò]
ada o'o
one token.
[ndœ́bùdú ò'ò]
[ndə́bùdú òʔò]
ndœbudu o'o
one token.
1373.
275
pity (n)
pitié
[òyò]
[òjò]
oyo
cf. 1127
1374.
274
shame
honte
[tsūlà]
[tʃūlà]
tshula
cf. 1382
1375.
273
sorrow (n)
malheur
[òyò]
[òjò]
oyo
cf. 1127
1376.
260
stupidity
stupidité
[ɨ̀ndɨ̀]
[ɨ̀ndɨ̀]
ɨndɨ
cf. 1395
1377.
325
trouble (n)
ennuie
[kòndāngà]
[kòndāŋɡà]
kondanga
1378.
1579
truth
vérité
[òkpòrò ò'ò]
[òkpòrò ʔò]
okporo 'o
1379.
257
wisdom
sagesse
[kœ́wùsœ́ ò'ò]
[kúwùsə́ʔò]
kuwusœ'o
cf. 1398
1380.
(276)
(be) afraid
avoir peur
[kœ́sœ̀ dœ̀ àwà]
[sə də̀ àwà]
sœ dœ awa
cf. 1363
1381.
279
(be) angry
être fâcher
[kœ́sò ókó]
[so ókó]
so oko
cf. 1612
[kœ́sœ̀ dœ̀ ókó]
[sə də̀ ókó]
sœ dœ oko
1382.
(274)
(be) ashamed
avoir honte
[kœ́sœ̀ dœ̀ tsūlà]
[sə də̀ tʃūlà]
sœ dœ tshula
cf. 1374
1383.
(278)
(be) astonished
être étonné
[kœ́'ì gbɔ́ndʒùrù]
[ʔi ɡbɔ́ndʒùrù]
'i gbɔndjuru
cf. 1396
1384.
309
(be) courageous
être courageux
[kœ́sœ̀ dœ̀ gbɔ̀gbɔ́]
[sə də̀ ɡbɔ̀ɡbɔ́]
sœ dœ gbɔgbɔ
cf. 1623
1385.
(271)
(be) depressed (emotional state)
être depressif
[kœ́'ì ɨ̄vɨ̄rɨ̄ gárá]
[ʔi ɨ̄vɨ̄rɨ̄ ɡárá]
'i ɨvɨrɨ gara
1386.
267
happy; (be) joyful
joyeux
[kœ́sœ̀ dœ̀ yāngā]
[sə də̀ jāŋɡā]
sœ dœ yanga
cf. 262
1387.
259
(be) intelligent
être intelligent
[kœ́sœ̀ dœ̀ kœ́wùs œ́ œ̀rè]
[sə də̀ kúwùsə́rə̀]
sœ dœ kuwusœrœ
1388.
(204)
(be) mad
fou
[ɨ́yí]
[íjí]
iyi
cf. 1371
1389.
(267)
(be) pleased
être content
[kœ́sœ̀ dœ̀ yāngā]
[sə də̀ jāŋɡā]
sœ dœ yanga
cf. 262
1390.
281
(be) proud
être fier
[kœ́sœ̀ dœ̀ mòdó]
[sə də̀ mòdó]
sœ dœ modo
[kœ́sœ̀ dœ̀ yāngā]
—
—
one token
1391.
316
restless; (be) unsettled
inquiet
[gbètsœ́lœ́]
[sə də̀ ɡbètʃə́lə́]
sœ dœ gbetshœlœ
cf. 1366
1392.
271
(be) sad
triste
[òyò]
[òjò]
oyo
no recording; cf. 1127
1393.
308
(be) shy
être timide
[kœ́sœ̀ kpàzɨ̀tɨ̀]
[sə kpàzɨ̀tɨ̀]
sœ kpazɨtɨ
1394.
278
(be) startled
être èffrayé
[kœ́sœ̀ d'àwà]
[sə də̀ àwà]
sœ dœ awa
French should be ‘être surpris’. cf. 1363
1395.
260
(be) stupid
stupide
[ɨ̀ndɨ̀]
[ɨ̀ndɨ̀]
ɨndɨ
cf. 1376
1396.
278
(be) surprised
s’étonner
[kœ́'ì gbɔ́ndzùrù]
[ʔi ɡbɔ́ndʒùrù]
'i gbɔndjuru
cf. 1383
1397.
305
(be) wicked
méchant
[àyī ókó]
[àjī ókó]
ayi oko
speaker gave word for ‘wicked person’. cf. 1612
1398.
258
(be) wise
sage
[àyī kœ́wùsœ́ ò'ò]
[àjī kúwùsə́ʔò]
ayi kuwusœ'o
speaker gave word for ‘wise person’. cf. 1379
1399.
1581
(be) wrong
avoir tort
[kœ́tè dœ̀ ò'ò]
[te də̀ òʔò]
te dœ o'o
1400.
1627
add
ajouter
[kœ́kò gápá]
[ko ɡápá]
ko gapa
1401.
428
admire
admirer
[kœ́gàmbà]
[ɡambà]
gamba
cf. 1243; 1622
1402.
471
admit (to a wrong)
admettre
[kœ́yì ndœ́]
[ji ndə́]
yi ndœ
French should be ‘avouer’. cf. 1451
1403.
506
annoy; disturb
embêter
[kœ́ndàngà]
[ndaŋɡà]
ndanga
1404.
1632
arrange
arranger
[kœ́gùmà œ̀rœ̀]
[ɡumà ə̀rə̀]
guma œrœ
1405.
429
befit; suit
convenir à
[kœ́lì dœ̀]
[li də̀]
li dœ
1406.
253
believe
croire
[kœ́gbè dœ̀]
[ɡbe də̀]
gbe dœ
cf. 1446
1407.
280
calm (oneself)
se calmer
[kœ́sœ̀ kòkò]
[sə kòkò]
sœ koko
cf. 1674
1408.
(267)
(become) cheerful
devenir de bonne humeur
[kœ́mɔ̀ tsátsū]
[mɔ tʃátʃū]
mɔ tshatshu
1409.
289
choose
choisir
[kœ́pàrà tsœ́lœ́]
[parà tʃə́lə́]
para tshœlœ
one token
[kœ́pàrà tságúrú]
[parà tʃáɡúrú]
para tshaguru
one token
1410.
278
come on suddenly; take in the act
surprendre
[kœ́zà ɨ̄vrɨ̄]
[za ɨ̄vɨ̄rɨ̄]
za ɨvɨrɨ
1411.
1631
count (v)
compter
[kœ́dɨ̀]
[dɨ]
dɨ
1412.
288
decide
décider de
[kœ́kà gàpá]
[ka ɡàpá]
ka gapa
1413.
286
despise
mépriser
[kœ́gù œ́sœ́]
[ɡu ə́sə́]
gu œsœ
1414.
129
dream (v)
rêver
[kœ́lù ūlū]
[lu ūlū]
lu ulu
1415.
—
err; make a mistake
faire une faute
[kœ́mbrœ̀ œ́kpé œ̀rœ̀]
[mbərə̀ ékpé ə̀rə̀]
mbœrœ ekpe œrœ
one token
[kœ́mbrœ̀ œ́kpé upu]
[mbərə̀ ékpé ɨ̄pɨ̄]
mbœrœ ekpe ɨpɨ
one token
1416.
(306)
(become) fierce
devenir violent
[kœ́tè dœ̀ ókó]
[te də̀ ókó]
te dœ oko
cf. 1612
1417.
1475
find
trouver
[kœ́gbɔ̀]
[ɡbɔ]
gbɔ
cf. 1236
1418.
266
forget
oublier
[kœ́dʒèrœ̀ ndœ́]
[dʒerə̀; dʒerə̀ ndə́]
djerœ; djerœ ndœ
1419.
277
frighten
effrayer
[kœ́zà àwà fœ̄]
[za àwà; za àwà fə̄]
za awa; za awa fœ
cf. 1363
1420.
285
hate (v)
haïr
[kœ́yì àngbà]
[ji àŋɡbà]
yi angba
cf. 1207
1421.
290
hesitate
hésiter
[kœ́yàndá]
[ja ndá]
ya nda
Speaker corrected tones.
1422.
1472
hide (intr.)
se cacher
[kœ́yìwà tə́nə̀]
[jiwà tə́nə̀]
yiwa tœnœ
1423.
1472
hide (tr.)
cacher
[kœ́zà yìwà tœ́nœ̀]
[za jìwà tə́nə̀]
za yiwa tœnœ
1424.
427
imitate
s’imiter
[kœ́bɨ̀lɨ̀ ndœ́mà tœ́zœ̀]
[bɨlɨ̀ ndə́mà tə́ zə̀]
bɨlɨ ndœma tœ zœ
1425.
(255)
know how to
savoir faire
[kœ́wùsœ́ kœ́mbrœ̀]
[wu sə́ kə́mbə̀rə̀]
wu sœ kœmbœrœ
1426.
255
know (something or someone)
connaître
[kœ́wùsœ́ œ̀rœ̀]
[wu sə́]
wu sœ
1427.
269
laugh (v)
rire
[kœ́mɔ̀ ɔ́mɔ́]
[mɔ ɔ́mɔ́]
mɔ ɔmɔ
cf. 141; 1369; 1443
1428.
262
learn
apprendre
[kə́ yàmbà ə̀rə̀]
[jambà]
yamba
cf. 1447
1429.
133
look at
regarder
[kœ́tòndœ́]
[to ndə́]
to ndœ
[kœ́'òrò óshó]
[ʔorò óʃó]
'oro osho
1430.
1474
look for
chercher
[kœ́pàrà]
[parà]
para
1431.
133
look around
regarder autour
[kœ́tòndœ́ tsándɨ̀rɨ̀]
[to ndə́ tʃándɨ̀rɨ̀]
to ndœ tshandɨrɨ
[kə́ òrò óʃó dzìndɨ̀rɨ̀]
[ʔorò óʃó dʒìndɨ̀rɨ̀]
'oro osho djindɨrɨ
1432.
—
measure (v)
mesurer
[kœ́lìngbì]
[liŋɡbì]
lingbi
1433.
807
need (v)
avoir besoin
[kœ́gbè dœ̀]
[ɡbe də̀]
gbe dœ
cf. 1446
1434.
132
notice (v)
remarquer
[kœ́ wù œ̀rœ̀]
[wu ə̀rə̀]
wu œrœ
1435.
—
pay attention; take care
faire attention
[kœ́gbɔ̀ àlà]
[ɡbɔ àlà]
gbɔ ala
Mispronunciation on first token.
1436.
(295)
plan (v)
planifier
[kœ́gbè dœ̀ kœ́mbrœ̀]
[ɡbe də̀ kə́mbə̀rə̀]
gbe dœ kœmbœrœ
cf. 1446
1437.
299
pretend
feindre
[kœ́mbrœ̀ ɓàtà]
[mbərə̀ ɓàtà]
mbœrœ 'bata
1438.
(1391)
put side by side
metre côte-à-côte
[kœ́kò tɔ̀ gándɨ̀rɨ̀]
[ko tɔ̀ ɡándɨ̀rɨ̀]
ko tɔ gandɨrɨ
1439.
—
read
lire
[kœ́dɨ̀ mbētī]
[dɨ mbētī]
dɨ mbeti
1440.
268
rejoice
se réjouir
[kœ́sœ̀ dœ̀ yāngā]
[sə də̀ jāŋɡā]
sœ dœ yanga
cf. 262
1441.
265
remember
se souvenir
[kœ́gbè dœ̀]
[ɡbe də̀]
gbe dœ
cf. 1446
1442.
505
satisfy
satisfaire
[kœ́mbrœ̀ lìndœ́nœ̀]
[mbərə̀ lìndə́nə̀]
mbœrœ lindœnœ
1443.
270
smile (v)
sourire
[kœ́mɔ̀ ɔ́mɔ́ mbà]
[mɔ ɔ́mɔ́ mbà]
mɔ ɔmɔ mba
cf. 141; 1427
1444.
278
startle
effrayer
[kœ́zà àwà]
[za àwá; za àwà fə̄]
za awa; za awa fœ
cf. 1363
1445.
321
suffer
éprouver
[kœ́kɨ̀ tœ́ œ́sœ́]
[kɨ tə́ ə́sə́]
kɨ tœ œsœ
1446.
252
think
penser
[kœ́gbè dœ̀]
[ɡbe də̀]
gbe dœ
cf. 1253; 1406; 1433; 1436; 1441; 1957
1447.
296
try
essayer
[kœ́yàmbà]
[jambà]
yamba
cf. 1428
1448.
1366
wait
attendre
[kœ́kàtè]
[katə̀; katè]
katœ; kate
1449.
287
want; desire (v)
désirer
[kœ́yìndœ́]
[ji ndə́]
yi ndœ
cf. 1451
[kœ́gbè tœ́]
[ɡbe tə́]
gbe tœ
1450.
133
watch
veiller
[kœ́kò àlà tœ́]
[ko àlà tə́]
ko ala tœ
1451.
(287)
wish; want (v)
vouloir
[kœ́yìndœ́]
[ji ndə́]
yi ndœ
cf. 1212; 1320; 1402; 1449
1452.
—
write
écrire
[kœ́sù mbētī]
[su mbētī]
su mbeti
1453aa.
1648
I am
je suis
—
[ə̄mə̄ kə̀də́]
œmœ kœdœ
one token
1453ab.
1649
you (sg.) are
tu es
—
[ə̀ɓə̀ kə̀də́]
œ'bœ kœdœ
one token
1453ac.
1650
he/she is
il/elle est
—
[èʃè kə̀də́]
eshe kœdœ
one token
1453ad.
—
it is
c’est
—
[ə́tə́ nə̀ kə̀də́]
œtœ nœ kœdœ
one token
1453ae.
1651
we (incl.) are
nous (incl.) sommes
—
[àzə́ kə̀də́]
azœ kœdœ
one token
1453af.
—
we (excl.) are
nous (excl.) sommes
—
[āʔā kə̀də́]
a'a kœdœ
one token
1453ag.
1652
you (pl.) are
vous êtes
—
[ēʔē kə̀də́]
e'e kœdœ
one token
1453ah.
1653
they are
ils/elles sont
—
[èndʒē kə̀də́]
endje kœdœ
one token
1453ai.
—
they (inan.) are
ce sont
—
[ə́tə́ nə̀ kə̀də́]
œtœ nœ kœdœ
one token
1453ba.
1648
I am
je suis
—
[mə̄ sə́ zə̀]
mœ sœ zœ
one token
1453bb.
1649
you (sg.) are
tu es
—
[ɓə̀ sə́ zə̀]
'bœ sœ zœ
one token
1453bc.
1650
he/she is
il/elle est
—
[ʃè sə́ zə̀]
she sœ zœ
one token
1453bd.
—
it is
c’est
—
[ə́ sə́ zə̀]
œ sœ zœ
one token
1453be.
1651
we (incl.) are
nous (incl.) sommes
—
[ʔà sə́ zə̀]
'a sœ zœ
one token
1453bf.
—
we (excl.) are
nous (excl.) sommes
—
[ʔā sə́ zə̀]
'a sœ zœ
one token
1453bg.
1652
you (pl.) are
vous êtes
—
[ʔē sə́ zə̀]
'e sœ zœ
one token
1453bh.
1653
they are
ils/elles sont
—
[èndʒē sə́ zə̀]
endje sœ zœ
one token
1453bi.
—
they (inan.) are
ce sont
—
[ə́ sə́ zə̀]
œ sœ zœ
one token
1453ca.
1648
Gyaregbɔ sees me
Gyaregbɔ me voit
—
[Ge̯àrə́gbɔ̀ wú mə̄]
Gyarœgbɔ wu mœ
one token
1453cb.
1649
Gyaregbɔ sees you (sg.)
Gyaregbɔ te voit
—
[Ge̯àrə́gbɔ̀ wú ɓə̀]
Gyarœgbɔ wu 'bœ
one token
1453cc.
1650
Gyaregbɔ sees him/her
Gyaregbɔ le/la voit
—
[Ge̯àrə́gbɔ̀ wú ʃè]
Gyarœgbɔ wu she
one token
1453cd.
1651
Gyaregbɔ sees us (incl.)
Gyaregbɔ nous (incl.) voit
—
[Ge̯àrə́gbɔ̀ wú àzə́]
Gyarœgbɔ wu azœ
one token
1453ce.
—
Gyaregbɔ sees us (excl.)
Gyaregbɔ nous (excl.) voit
—
[Ge̯àrə́gbɔ̀ wú ʔā]
Gyarœgbɔ wu 'a
one token
1453cf.
1652
Gyaregbɔ sees you (pl.)
Gyaregbɔ vous voit
—
[Ge̯àrə́gbɔ̀ wú ʔē]
Gyarœgbɔ wu 'e
one token
1453cg.
1653
Gyaregbɔ sees them
Gyaregbɔ les voit
—
[Ge̯àrə́gbɔ̀ wú èndʒē]
Gyarœgbɔ wu endje
one token
1453da.
1648
Gyaregbɔ likes me
Gyaregbɔ m’aime
—
[Ge̯àrə́gbɔ̀ jí ndə́ mə̄]
Gyarœgbɔ yi ndœ mœ
one token
1453db.
1649
Gyaregbɔ likes you (sg.)
Gyaregbɔ t’aime
—
[Ge̯àrə́gbɔ̀ jí ndə́ zə̀]
Gyarœgbɔ yi ndœ zœ
one token
1453dc.
1650
Gyaregbɔ likes him/her
Gyaregbɔ l’aime
—
[Ge̯àrə́gbɔ̀ jí ndə́ jē]
Gyarœgbɔ yi ndœ ye
one token
1453dd.
—
Gyaregbɔ likes it
Gyaregbɔ l’aime
—
[Ge̯àrə́gbɔ̀ jí ndə́ nə̀]
Gyarœgbɔ yi ndœ nœ
one token
1453de.
1651
Gyaregbɔ likes us (incl.)
Gyaregbɔ nous (incl.) aime
—
[Ge̯àrə́gbɔ̀ jí ndə́ àzə́]
Gyarœgbɔ yi ndœ azœ
one token
1453df.
—
Gyaregbɔ likes us (excl.)
Gyaregbɔ nous (excl.) aime
—
[Ge̯àrə́gbɔ̀ jí ndə́ ʔā]
Gyarœgbɔ yi ndœ 'a
one token
1453dg.
1652
Gyaregbɔ likes you (pl.)
Gyaregbɔ vous aime
—
[Ge̯àrə́gbɔ̀ jí ndə́ ʔē]
Gyarœgbɔ yi ndœ 'e
one token
1453dh.
1653
Gyaregbɔ likes them
Gyaregbɔ les aime
—
[Ge̯àrə́gbɔ̀ jí ndə́ èndʒē]
Gyarœgbɔ yi ndœ endje
one token
1453di.
—
Gyaregbɔ likes them (inan.)
Gyaregbɔ les (inan.) aime
—
[Ge̯àrə́gbɔ̀ jí ndə́ nə̀]
Gyarœgbɔ yi ndœ nœ
one token
1453ea.
1648
my house
ma maison
—
[àndà nə́ mə̄]
anda nœ mœ
one token
1453eb.
1649
your (sg.) house
ta maison
—
[àndà nə́ zə̀]
anda nœ zœ
one token
1453ec.
1650
his/her house
sa maison
—
[àndà nə́ jē]
anda nœ ye
one token
1453ed.
1651
our (incl.) house
notre (incl.) maison
—
[àndà nə́ àzə́]
anda nœ azœ
one token
1453ee.
—
our (excl.) house
notre (excl.) maison
—
[àndà nə́ ʔā]
anda nœ 'a
one token
1453ef.
1652
your (pl.) house
votre maison
—
[àndà nə́ ʔē]
anda nœ 'e
one token
1453eg.
1653
their house
leur maison
—
[àndà nə́ èndʒē]
anda nœ endje
one token
1453fa.
1648
my father
mon père
—
[àbá mə̄]
aba mœ
one token
1453fb.
1649
your (sg.) father
ton père
—
[àbá zə̀]
aba zœ
one token
1453fc.
1650
his/her father
son père
—
[àbá nə̀]
aba nœ
one token
1453fd.
1651
our (incl.) father
notre (incl.) père
—
[àbá àzə́]
aba azœ
one token
1453fe.
—
our (excl.) father
notre (excl.) père
—
[àbá ʔā]
aba 'a
one token
1453ff.
1652
your (pl.) father
votre père
—
[àbá ʔē]
aba 'e
one token
1453fg.
1653
their father
leur père
—
[àbá èndʒē]
aba endje
one token
1453ga.
1648
my hand
ma main
—
[kānə́ mə̄]
kanœ mœ
one token
1453gb.
1649
your (sg.) hand
ta main
—
[kānə́ zə̀]
kanœ zœ
one token
1453gc.
1650
his/her hand
sa main
—
[kānə́ jē]
kanœ ye
one token
1453gd.
1651
our (incl.) hand
notre (incl.) main
—
[kānə́ àzə́]
kanœ azœ
one token
1453ge.
—
our (excl.) hand
notre (excl.) main
—
[kānə́ ʔā]
kanœ 'a
one token
1453gf.
1652
your (pl.) hand
votre main
—
[kānə́ ʔē]
kanœ 'e
one token
1453gg.
1653
their hand
leur main
—
[kānə́ èndʒē]
kanœ endje
one token
1475.
1668
above
au-dessus
[dʒàgàpá]
[dʒàɡàpá]
djagapa
1476.
(1678)
at
à
[fœ̄]
—
—
Speaker was uncertain of this translation.
1477.
1354
before
avant
[ūtʃū]
[ūtʃū]
utshu
[tʃáʃū]
[tʃátʃū]
tshatshu
1478.
1671
behind
derrière
[tsángbá]
[tʃáŋɡbá]
tshangba
[tʃángbìtī]
—
—
regarding a house
1479.
1675
between
entre
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
1480.
1663
down
en bas
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
1481.
1673
in (inside)
dans / dedans
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
1482.
1657
near
proche
[ndō]
[ndō]
ndo
1483.
1387
on (top)
sur / en haut de
[ɓápá]
[ɓápá]
'bapa
‘on’. one token.
[dzàgàpā]
[dʒàɡàpá]
djagapa
‘above’. one token.
1484.
1674
outside
dehors
[dʒàgáshú]
[dʒàɡáʃú]
djagashu
['báshú]
[báʃú; báúʃú]
bashu; baushu
1485.
1676
towards
face vers
[dʒàgá tsátsū]
[dʒàɡàtʃátʃū]
djagatshatshu
1486.
1669
under
dessous
[tsákūdú]
[tʃákùdú]
tshakudu
1487.
1662
up; above
en haut
[dʒà gálàfó]
[dʒàɡálàfó]
djagalafo
[dʒà 'bálàfó]
—
—
1488.
1359
again
encore
[kpá]
[kpá-]
kpa-
[kwàtœ̂ndze]
—
—
[kwàngbánœ̀]
—
—
1489.
1638
all
tout
[kɔ́]
[kɔ́]
kɔ
one token
[kɔ́kɔ́]
[kɔ́kɔ́]
kɔkɔ
one token
1490.
1691
and
et
[œ́dœ̄]
[ə́də̄]
œdœ
also ɡàndə́.
[dœ̀]
[də̀]
dœ
1490b.
—
if
si
[œ́dœ̀]
[ə́də̀]
œdœ
Speaker added this word. cf. 1497
1491.
1693
because
parce que
[mbœ̀rœ̀]
[mbə̀rə̀]
mbœrœ
1492.
1643
everybody
tout le monde
[āzū kɔ́]
[àzū kɔ́]
azu kɔ
1493.
1644
everything
toutes choses
[œ̀rœ̀ kɔ́kɔ́]
[ə̀rə̀ kɔ́-kɔ́]
œrœ kɔ-kɔ
1494.
1645
everywhere
partout
[œ́shó kɔ́]
[óʃó kɔ́]
osho kɔ
1495.
1690
how many?
combien?
[kòtô?]
[kòtóò]
kotoo
1496.
1689
how?
comment?
[kòtô?]
[kòtóò]
kotoo
no recording
1497.
1692
if
si
[œ́dœ̀]
[ə́də̀]
œdœ
cf. 1490
1498.
—
interr. particle
particule interrogative
[à]
—
—
1499.
—
neuter
neutre
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
1500.
1700
no
non
[nœ̄nē]
[nēnē; nə̄nē; nē]
nene; nœne; ne
['ḿ'm̀]
[ʔḿʔm̀]
'm'm
1501.
1646
nobody
personne
[ūzū nə̄ne]
[ūzū nēnē]
uzu nene
1502.
1647
nothing
rien
[nœ̄nē]
—
—
[gbámbànœ̀]
[ɡbáāmbā nə̀]
gbaamba nœ
1503.
1700
no; not
no; ne…pas
[nœ̄nē]
[nēnē; nə̄nē; nē]
nene; nœne; ne
no recording; also ʔḿʔm̀
1504.
(1682)
other
autre
[ángá]
[áŋɡá]
anga
1505.
1694
perhaps
peut-être
[œ́dœ̀ œ́tē]
[ə́də̀ ə́tē]
œdœ œte
1506.
1695
really
vraiment
[dʒápū]
[dʒápū; ádʒá ɨ̄pɨ̄]
djapu; adja ɨpɨ
one token
[wáāyé]
—
—
one token
1507.
1681
some
quelque
[ángá nœ̀]
[áŋɡá nə̀]
anga nœ
[dʒèlœ́nœ̀]
[dʒèlə́nə̀]
djelœnœ
1508.
1680
that
celui-là
[shè neke ɓá'é]
—
—
cf. ə̀nēkē; also tʃə̀nēkē ɓáʔé
[átsè sə́kē ɓá'é]
—
—
one token
1509.
—
thus
ainsi
[àtà]
[àtà]
ata
one token
1510.
1696
well (adv)
bien
[átsɔ́nœ̀]
—
—
[dœ̀ átsɔ́nə̀]
[də̀ ɔ́tʃɔ́ nə̀]
dœ ɔtshɔ nœ
1511.
1684
what?
quoi?
[gàɗè]
[ɡàɗè]
ga'de
1512.
1687
when?
quand?
[ōlō gàɗè?]
[ōlō ɡàɗè]
olo ga'de
1513.
1686
where?
où?
[ɓátà]
[ɓátà; bátà]
'bata; bata
[kpə́tà]
—
—
1514.
1685
which?
lequel?
[œ̀nœ̄tà]
[ə̀nə̄tà]
œnœta
1515.
1683
who?
qui?
[œ̀ɗè]
[èɗè]
e'de
1516.
1688
why?
pourquoi?
[mbrœ̀ gàɗè]
[mbə̀rə̀ ɡàɗè]
mbœrœ ga'de
[ndə́ gàdè]
[ndə́ ɡàɗè]
ndœ ga'de
1517.
1678
with
avec
[dœ̀]
[də̀; də̄; tə̀]
dœ; tœ
1518.
1699
yes
oui
[m̀m̀]
[m̀m̀]
mm
1519.
1623
first
prémier
[ūtshū nœ̀]
[ūtʃū nə̀]
utshu nœ
[àlínə̀]
[àlí]
ali
1520.
—
large number
grand nombre
[ndʒòró]
[ndʒòró; àndʒòró]
ndjoro; andjoro
1521.
—
number
nombre / numéro
[kə́dɨ̀ ə̀rə̀]
[kə́dɨ̀ ə̀rə̀]
kœdɨ œrœ
1522.
1641
(0005) half
moitié
[kpékpèkà]
—
—
[kpúgúrə́ nə̀]
[kpúɡúrú]
kpuguru
1523.
1590
(00l) one
un
[bàlē]
[bàlē]
bale
1524.
1591
(002) two
deux
[bīshà]
[bīʃà]
bisha
1525.
1592
(003) three
trois
[vōtɔ̀]
[vōtɔ̀]
votɔ
1526.
1593
(004) four
quatre
[vànā]
[vànā]
vana
1527.
1594
(005) five
cinq
[mīndû]
[mīndúù]
minduu
1528.
1595
(006) six
six
[mīndû dœ̀ àmànœ̀ bàlē]
[mīndúù dàmà nə̀ bàlē]
minduu dama nœ bale
[gàzàrà bàlē]
—
—
one token
1529.
1596
(007) seven
sept
[mindû dœ̀ àmànœ̀ bīshà]
[mīndúù dàmà nə̀ bīʃà]
minduu dama nœ bisha
[gazàrà bàle dœ̀ bàle]
—
—
one token
1530.
1597
(008) eight
huit
[mīndû dœ̀ àmànœ̀ vōtɔ̀]
[mīndúù dàmà nə̀ vōtɔ̀]
minduu dama nœ votɔ
one token
1531.
1598
(009) nine
neuf
[mīndû dœ̀ àmànœ̀ vànā]
[mīndúù dàmà nə̀ vànā]
minduu dama nœ vana
one token
1532.
1599
(010) ten
dix
[ndʒòkpā]
[ndʒòkpā]
ndjokpa
one token
1533.
1600
(011) eleven
onze
[ndʒòkpā dœ̀ bàle]
—
—
one token. speaker produced [ndʒòkpā dàmà nə̀ bàlē]
1534.
1601
(012) twelve
douze
[ndʒòkpā dœ̀ bīshà]
—
—
one token
1535.
1602
(013) thirteen
treize
[ndʒòkpā dœ̀ vɔ̄tɔ̀]
—
—
one token
1536.
1603
(014) fourteen
quatorze
[ndʒòkpā dœ̀ vànā]
—
—
one token
1537.
1604
(015) fifteen
quinze
[ndʒòkpā dœ̀ mīndû]
—
—
one token
1538.
1605
(016) sixteen
seize
[ndʒòkpā dœ̀ mindû àmànœ̀ bàlē]
—
—
one token
1539.
1606
(017) seventeen
dix-sept
[ndʒòkpā dœ̀ mindû àmànœ̀ bīshà]
—
—
one token
1540.
1607
(018) eighteen
dix-huit
[ndʒòkpā dœ̀ mindû àmànœ̀ vɔ̄tɔ̀]
—
—
one token
1541.
1608
(019) nineteen
dix-neuf
[ndʒòkpā dœ̀ mindû àmànœ̀ vàna]
—
—
one token
1542.
1609
(020) twenty
vingt
[kpœ́tœ́ ūzū bàlē]
[kpə́tə́ ūzū bàlē]
kpœtœ uzu bale
alt.: zāzū bīʃà
1543.
1610
(021) twenty-one
vingt et un
[kpœ́tœ́ ūzū bàlē dœ̀ bàlē]
—
—
1544.
1611
(022) twenty-two
vingt-deux
[kpœ́tœ́ ūzū bàlē dœ̀ bīshà]
—
—
1545.
—
(023) twenty-three
vingt-trois
[kpœ́tœ́ ūzū bàlē dœ̀ votɔ̀]
—
—
1546.
—
(024) twenty-four
vingt-quatre
[kpœ́tœ́ ūzū bàlē dœ̀ vàna]
—
—
1547.
—
(025) twenty-five
vingt-cinq
[kpœ́tœ́ ūzū bàlē dœ̀ mīndû]
—
—
1547b.
—
(026) twenty-six
vingt-six
[kpœ́tœ́ ūzū bàlē dœ̀ mīndû àmànə̀ bàlē]
—
—
1547c.
—
(027) twenty-seven
vingt-sept
[kpœ́tœ́ ūzū bàlē dœ̀ mindû àmànə̀ bīshà]
—
—
speaker produced [kpə́tə́ ūzū də̀ mindúù àmànə̀ bīʃà]
1548.
1612
(030) thirty
trente
[kpœ́tœ́ uzū bàlē dœ̀ ndʒòkpā]
[kpə́tə́ uzū bàlē də̀ ndʒòkpā]
kpœtœ uzu bale dœ ndjokpa
one token
1549.
1613
(040) forty
quarante
[kpœ́tœ́ àzū bīshà]
[kpə́tə́ àzū bīʃà]
kpœtœ azu bisha
1550.
1614
(050) fifty
cinquante
[kpœ́tœ́ àzū bīshà dœ̀ ndʒòkpā]
[kpə́tə́ àzū bīʃà də̀ ndʒòkpá]
kpœtœ azu bisha dœ ndjokpa
one token
1551.
1615
(060) sixty
soixante
[kpœ́tœ́ àzū vōtɔ̀]
[kpə́tə́ àzū vōtɔ̀]
kpœtœ azu votɔ
1552.
1616
(070) seventy
soixante-dix
[kpœ́tœ́ àzū votɔ̀ dœ̀ ndʒòkpa]
[kpə́tə́ àzū vōtɔ̀ də̀ ndʒòkpá]
kpœtœ azu votɔ dœ ndjokpa
1553.
1617
(080) eighty
quatre-vingt
[kpœ́tœ́ àzū vàna]
[kpə́tə́ àzū vànā]
kpœtœ azu vana
1554.
1618
(090) ninety
quatre-vingt-dix
[kpœ́tœ́ àzū vànā dœ̀ ndʒòkpā]
[kpə́tə́ àzū vànā də̀ ndʒòkpá]
kpœtœ azu vana dœ ndjokpa
1555.
1619
(100) hundred
cent
[kpœ́tœ́ àzū mīndû]
[kpə́tə́ àzū mīndúù]
kpœtœ azu minduu
speaker produced [kpə́tə́ àzū də̀ mīndúù] the second time.
[yèròwá]
[jèròwá]
yerowa
one token
1556.
1620
(200) two hundred
deux cents
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
1557.
—
(400) four hundred
quatre cents
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
1558.
1622
(1000) thousand
mille
[kūtù]
—
—
loan from Lingala ‘nkoto’
[ngbàngbò]
[ŋɡbàŋɡbò]
ngbangbo
loan from Banda?
1558b.
—
(39) thirty-nine
trente-neuf
—
—
—
speaker produced [kpə́tə́ uzū bàlē də̀ ndʒòkpā də̀ mīndúù dàmà nə̀ vànā]
1559.
1554
colour
couleur
[ɔ́kɔ́; ákɔ́]
[ɔ́kɔ́]
ɔkɔ
cf. 14
1560.
1555
whiteness
blancheur
[túkpá]
[túkpá]
tukpa
1561.
1556
(be) black
noir
[kpòròkòtɔ̀]
[kpòròkòtò]
kporokoto
[ūbū]
[ūbū]
ubu
1562.
1558
(be) blue
bleu
[ákɔ́ tʃálàfó]
[ɔ́kɔ́ tʃálàfó]
ɔkɔ tshalafo
1563.
1560
(be) brown
brun
[œ́yérœ́]
[èjérə́]
eyerœ
1564.
330
colour of white man’s skin; pink
couleur du peau des blancs
[ákɔ́ àmbùndʒú]
[ɔ́kɔ́ àmbùndʒú]
ɔkɔ ambundju
[ímbí ɔ́kɔ́]
[ímbí ɔ́kɔ́]
imbi ɔkɔ
1565.
1562
(be) dark
noir
[ūbū]
[ūbū]
ubu
1566.
1559
(be) green
vert
[úngú kākó gàràngà]
[úŋɡú kākó ɡàràŋɡà]
ungu kako garanga
[tsángbángélé]
[tʃáŋɡbáŋɡélé]
tshangbangele
1567.
(1554)
(be) multicoloured
multicolore (être)
[kœ́tà àmbàrà]
[ta àmbàrà]
ta ambara
[kœ́tà ùvù]
[ta ùvù]
ta uvu
1568.
1557
(be) red
rouge
[ə́dórónə̀]
[ódóró]
odoro
1569.
1555
(be) white
être blanc
[kə́sə̀ tə̀ mbíwà]
[mbíwà]
mbiwa
1570.
1561
(be) yellow
jaune
[wòlā]
[wòlā]
wola
1571.
1556
(make) black
noircir
[kœ́bù œ̀rœ̀]
[bu]
bu
1572.
1562
(become) dark
devenir obscur
[kœ́mbrœ̀ mbrù mbrù]
[mbərə̀ mbùrù-mbùrù]
mbœrœ mburu-mburu
1573.
1557
(make) red
faire rouge
[kə́ fà ódórónə̀]
[fa ódóró nə̀]
fa odoro nœ
1574.
1555
(make) white
blanchir
[kœ́tà ímbí œ̀rœ̀]
[ta ímbí ə̀rə̀]
ta imbi œrœ
[kə́ kàrà tə́nə̀]
—
—
1575.
1507
bigness
grandeur de taille
[ə́gérə́]
[éɡérə́]
egerœ
cf. 1582
1576.
(1517)
fatness
embonpoint
[gbādāvū]
[ɡbādāvū]
gbadavu
1577.
(1511)
height
taille
[ə́gérə́]
[éɡérə́]
egerœ
cf. 1582
[tʃákòrò]
[tʃákòrò]
tshakoro
cf. 1578
1578.
1514
length
longueur
[tʃákòrò]
—
—
cf. 1577
[ngbàndò]
[ŋɡbàndò]
ngbando
[ɨ̄ngɨ̄rɨ̄ nə̀]
[ɨ̄ŋɡɨ̄rɨ̄ nə̀]
ɨngɨrɨ nœ
1579.
1509
smallness
petitesse
[tʃágbòlò]
[tʃáɡbòlò]
tshagbolo
1580.
1535
weight
poids
[ə̄vūrū]
[ūvūrū]
uvuru
1581.
1519
wideness
largeur
[ōndō nə̀]
[ōndō nə̀]
ondo nœ
1582.
1507
big
grand
[égérə́]
[éɡérə́]
egerœ
one token. cf. 1575; 1577
[ùndù]
[ùndù]
undu
‘size’. one token.
1583.
(1519)
(be) broad
être large
[kə́sə̀ kpàwù]
[sə kpàwù]
sœ kpawu
1584.
1517
(be) fat; (be) thick
être epaisse
[kə́mì]
[mi]
mi
1585.
1640
few
peu
[téāshó]
[téāʃó; táāʃó; téēʃó]
teasho; taasho; teesho
cf. 1599
1586.
1525
(be) flat
être plat
[kàlàkpà]
[kàlàkpà]
kalakpa
noun
1587.
(1529)
globe shaped
en forme d’une sphère
[yɔ̄rɔ̄ngɔ̄]
[jɔ̄rɔ̄ŋɡɔ̄]
yɔrɔngɔ
1588.
1534
(be) heavy
lourd
[kœ́lɨ̂lɨ̀]
[lɨ]
lɨ
1589.
1534
heavy; serious; dull
lourd
[kɨ̄kɨ̀lɨ̀]
[kɨ̄kɨ̀lɨ̀]
kɨkɨlɨ
1590.
1511
(be) high
haut
[hàrá]
[hàrá]
hara
adv.
1591.
193
lean; grow thin
maigrir
[kœ́kùrù]
[kurù]
kuru
1592.
193
lean; meagre
maigre
[ūkūrū]
[ūkūrū]
ukuru
1593.
1536
(be) light (not heavy)
léger
[táhárá]
[táhárá]
tahara
1594.
(1509)
(be) little
peu
[kœ́sœ̀ téāshó]
[sə téāʃó]
sœ teasho
cf. 1599
1595.
1513
(be) long
langue
[ɨ̄ngɨ̄rɨ̄]
[ɨ̄ŋɡɨ̄rɨ̄]
ɨngɨrɨ
no recording
1596.
1521
(be) narrow
être étroit
[pōdʒódʒō]
[pōdʒódʒō]
podjodjo
[ngɔ̄hɔ́rɔ́]
[ŋɡɔ̄hɔ́rɔ́]
ngɔhɔrɔ
1597.
1529
(be) round
ronde
[tìndìbvɨ́rɨ́]
[tìndìⱱ̟ɨ́rɨ́]
tindivwɨrɨ
alt: kìŋɡìⱱ̟ɨ́rɨ́
1598.
1515
(be) short
court
[œ̄ndō nœ̀]
[ōndō]
ondo
1599.
1509
(be) small
petit
[téāshó]
[téāʃó; táāʃó; téēʃó]
teasho; taasho; teesho
cf. 1585; 1594
1600.
1517
thick
épais
[ɨ́mɨ́; œ́mí]
[ɨ́mɨ́; īmī]
ɨmɨ; imi
1601.
193
thin (not fat)
maigre
[kūrūdʒá]
[kūrūdʒá]
kurudja
1602.
1518
thin (not thick)
mince
[ūngūrū]
[ūŋɡūrū]
unguru
1603.
1518
(be) thin
être maigre
[kūrūdʒá]
[kūrūdʒá]
kurudja
speaker produced [kə́sə̀ (tə̀) kūrūdʒá]
1604.
1519
(be) wide
large
[hàgà]
[hàɡà]
haga
1605.
(1517)
(become) fat
grossir
[kœ́bè]
[be]
be
1606.
1514
lengthen
élonger
[kœ́gbòtɔ̀ tsœ́lœ́ œ́wú]
[ɡbotà tʃə́lə́ úwú]
gbota tshœlœ uwu
1607.
1529
(become) round
devenir rond
[kœ́sœ̀ tìndì'bvɨ́rɨ́]
[sə tìndìⱱ̟ɨ́rɨ́]
sœ tindivwɨrɨ
one token
[kœ́fa tìndì'bvɨ́rɨ́]
[fa tìndìⱱ̟ɨ́rɨ́]
fa tindivwɨrɨ
one token
1608.
1516
shorten
raccourcir
[kœ́wà átánœ̀]
[wa átá nə̀]
wa ata nœ
one token
[kœ́dè átánœ̀]
[de átá nə̀]
de ata nœ
one token
1609.
1515
(become) short
devenir court
[kœ́sœ̀ œ̄ndōnœ̀]
[sə ōndō nə̀]
sœ ondo nœ
Speaker produced [kə́sə̀ ōndō]. one token.
[kœfa œ̄ndōnœ̀]
[fa ōndō nə̀]
fa ondo nœ
one token
1610.
(1566)
acidity
acidité
[œ́ngângà]
—
—
[kœ́ngângà]
[kə́ŋɡáàŋɡà]
kœngaanga
1611.
1569
bad smell (of fish)
mauvaise odeur (de poisson)
[ékpé tsáfù]
[ékpé tʃáfù]
ekpe tshafu
cf. 119
1612.
(1577)
badness
méchanceté
[ókó; œ́kó]
[ókó]
oko
cf. 1381; 1397; 1416
1613.
1567
bitterness
amertume; acidité
[œ̄shū; ūshū]
[ūʃū]
ushu
1614.
1395
bump (n)
bosse
[fùngà]
[fùŋɡà]
funga
[undu; œndu]
[úndú]
undu
1615.
306
fierceness
violence
[gbɔ́kóté]
[ɡbɔ́kóté]
gbɔkote
[á'bvárá]
[áⱱ̟árá]
avwara
1616.
(1552)
heat (n)
chaleur
[kœ́wò œ́shó]
[kə́wò óʃó]
kœwo osho
cf. 745
1617.
1527
hollow(n)
creux
[ngɔ̀hɔ́rɔ́]
[ŋɡɔ̄hɔ́rɔ́]
ngɔhɔrɔ
1618.
1386
piece
morceau
[tsákàlá]
[tʃákàlá]
tshakala
one token. alt: ndɨ́ndɨ̄; kùtùrù
[tsópóró]
—
—
one token
1619.
1250
rot (n)
pourriture
[œ̄fū œ̀rœ̀; ūfū œ̀rœ̀]
[ūfū]
ufu
speaker produced [ə̄fū]
1620.
1283
rust (n)
rouille
[ngbándʒì]
[ŋɡbándʒì]
ngbandji
1621.
1550
slipperiness
nature glissante
[zùrú œ̀rœ̀]
[zùrú ə̀rə̀]
zuru œrœ
alt: sàràkòpèjà ə̀rə̀ ~ sàràkòpe̯à ə̀rə̀; kpàsùrù; dàràmbèʃà
1622.
1575
spendour
éclat; gloire
[kœ́tò ɨ̄'ɨ̄rɨ̄]
[kə́tò ɨ̄ʔɨ̄rɨ̄]
kœto ɨ'ɨrɨ
alt: dɔŋɡɔ̀; ɡambà. cf. 1307; 1401
1623.
1572
strength
force
[gbɔ̀gbɔ́]
[ɡbɔ̀ɡbɔ́]
gbɔgbɔ
cf. 1384; 1624; 1694
1624.
1570
(be) able
être capable
[kœ́ sœ̀ dœ̀ gbɔ̀gbɔ́]
[sə də̀ ɡbɔ̀ɡbɔ́]
sœ dœ gbɔgbɔ
cf. 1623
1625.
(1634)
abound
abonder
[kœ́dòpánœ̀]
[do pánə̀]
do panœ
[kœ́ròpánœ̀]
[ro pá nə̀]
ro pa nœ
one token
1626.
1634
(be) abundant
être abondant
[kœ́sœ̀ dòpánœ̀]
[sə dòpá nə̀]
sœ dopa nœ
one token
[kœ́sœ̀ ròpánœ̀]
[sə ròpá nə̀]
sœ ropa nœ
one token
1627.
—
(be) accustomed
s’habituer
[kœ́lì lœ́ ɔ́kɔ́]
[li lə́ ɔ́kɔ́]
li lœ ɔkɔ
[kœ́lì lœ́ ɨ̄ndʒī]
[li lə́ īndʒī]
li lœ indji
one token
1628.
419
(be) alone
seule
[kœ́sœ̀ kéngbā]
[kéŋɡbā]
kengba
one token
[kœ́sœ̀ tsébàlē]
[tʃébàlē]
tshebale
one token
1629.
416
altogether
tous ensemble
[pàrá kɔ́kɔ́]
[pārá kɔ́kɔ́]
para kɔkɔ
1630.
1577
(be) bad
mauvais
[œ́kpé]
[ékpé]
ekpe
1631.
746
(be) barren (of land)
stérile (terre)
[kœ́zàrà àshɔ̀]
[zarà ɔ́ʃɔ́]
zara ɔshɔ
cf. 680
1632.
1582
(be) beautiful
beau
[kœ́gà]
[ɡa]
ga
[kœ́gā]
[kə́ɡā]
kœga
‘beauty’
1633.
1567
(be) bitter; (be) sharp
être piquant; amère
[kœ́ngângà]
[ŋɡa]
nga
1634.
1540
(be) blunt
émoussé
[ndùɓúrùɓú]
[ndùɓúrùɓú]
ndu'buru'bu
[tùndúmàné]
[tùndúmàné]
tundumane
one token
1635.
1494
(be) bright
brillant
[kœ́tsítsī]
[tʃi]
tshi
speaker produced [kə́tʃíītʃī]. cf. 1942
1636.
(313)
(be) careless; (be) lazy
négligent; paresseux; oisif
[àyī ādɔ̄]
[àjī ɔ̄dɔ̄]
ayi ɔdɔ
‘careless; lazy person’. cf. 1661
1637.
1584
(be) clean
propre
[tôtô]
[tóò]
too
1638.
1553
(be) cold
avoir froid
[kœ́sœ̀ dœ̀ ɨ̀zɨ̀]
[ɨ̀zɨ̀]
ɨzɨ
1639.
1532
(be) crooked
tordu
[tàkàvwàrà]
[tàkàⱱ̟àrà]
takavwara
1640.
1522
(be) deep
profond
[ngbī; ngbì]
[ŋɡbī; ŋɡbì]
ngbi
1641.
425
(be) different
être different
[kpíkpí]
[kpíkpí]
kpikpi
1642.
320
(be) difficult
difficile
[gbɔ́kumù]
[ɡbɔ; ɡbɔ́kūmù]
gbɔ; gbɔkumu
cf. 1236
—
—
—
àjī ɡbɔ́kūmù ‘difficult person’. one token.
1643.
1585
(be) dirty
sale
[kœ́sœ̀ dœ̀ ūbūrū]
[ūbūrū]
uburu
alt: ə̄būrū
1644.
1548
(be) dry
sec
[ɔ́'ɔ́rɔ́]
[ɔ́ʔɔ́rɔ́]
ɔ'ɔrɔ
alt: áʔɔ́rɔ́
1645.
637
(be) empty
vide
[gbáāmbā nœ̀]
[ɡbáāmbā nə̀]
gbaamba nœ
[œ̄wū nœ̀]
[ūwū]
uwu
1646.
1635
enough
suffisamment
[lìndœ́nœ̀]
[lìndə́nə̀]
lindœnœ
cf. 1676
1647.
1497
(be) extinguished
s’éteint
[kə́rù òwò]
[ru òwò]
ru owo
1648.
—
(be) famous
être célèbre
—
—
—
no entry; no recording. cf. 1622
1649.
1419
(be) fast
vite
[kātsā]
[kātʃā]
katsha
1650.
306
(be) fierce
sauvage; féroce
[kœ́ sœ̀ ɓātà àgèà]
[sə ɓātà àɡe̯à]
sœ 'bata agya
1651.
429
(be) fitting
convenir
[kœ́lîlì dœ̀]
[li]
li
alt: kə́líìlì ndə́
1652.
(1247)
fresh
frais
[tùyū]
[tùjū]
tuyu
[ngbɔ́yū]
[ŋɡbɔ́jū]
ngbɔyu
one token
1653.
636
(be) full
plein
[pètè]
[pètè]
pete
[tsétsé]
[tʃétʃé]
tshetshe
1654.
1576
(be) good
bon
[dœ̀ átʃɔ́ nœ̀]
[də̀ ɔ́tʃɔ́ nə̀]
dœ ɔtshɔ nœ
alt: ɔ́tʃɔ́ nə̀
1655.
1574
(be) great; (be) powerful
grand
[kœ́ sœ̀ gbɔ́zū]
[ɡbɔ́zū; ɡbózū]
gbɔzu; gbozu
cf. 253
1656.
522
(be) guilty
coupable
[àyī òʔò]
[àjī òʔò]
ayi oʔo
‘guilty person’
1657.
1544
(be) hard
dur
[gbɔ́kwákwá]
[ɡbɔ́ko̯áko̯á]
gbɔkwakwa
1658.
1552
(be) hot
chaud
[fōwò]
[fōwò]
fowo
1659.
523
innocent
innocent
[ò'ò nœ̄nē]
[òʔò nēnē]
o'o nene
1660.
1626
(be) last (final)
dernier
[ndɔ́ngɔ́lɔ́]
[ndɔ́ŋɡɔ́lɔ́]
ndɔngɔlɔ
[ndɨ́bùdú]
[ndɨ́bùdú]
ndɨbudu
1661.
313
(be) lazy
être pasesseux
[kœ́sœ̀ dœ̀ ādɔ̄]
[ɔ̄dɔ̄]
ɔdɔ
cf. 1636
1662.
—
(be) level
être horizontal
[kœ́sœ̀ làkpàngbà]
[làkpàŋɡbà]
lakpangba
1663.
(424)
(be) like (in behavior)
être semblable
[kœ́sœ̀ 'ɓātà]
[ɓātà; ɓàtà]
'bata
cf. 1664; 1675
1664.
(426)
look (like); seem
sembler
[kœ́sœ̀ 'ɓàtà]
[ɓātà; ɓàtà]
'bata
cf. 1663
1665.
661
(be) loose
être dégagé
[kœ́zù tœ́ndà]
[zu tə́ndà]
zu tœnda
[kœ́zù vwèrə̀vwèrœ̀]
[zu ⱱ̟èrə̀-ⱱ̟èrə̀]
zu vwerœ-vwerœ
1666.
117
(be) lying (down)
couché; posé
[kœ́lò ōlō]
[lo ōlō]
lo olo
[kœ́yàtœ́]
[ja tə́]
ya tœ
one token
1667.
1639
many
plusieurs; beaucoup
[ndʒòró]
[ndʒòró]
ndjoro
one token; alt: àndʒòró
[pàrá kɔ́kɔ́]
[pārá kɔ́kɔ́]
para kɔkɔ
speaker produced [kɔ́kɔ́] the second time.
1668.
1588
(be) new
nouveau
[tāfò]
[tāfò]
tafo
1669.
1589
(be) old (not new)
occasionné; pas nouveau
[tóróshɔ̀]
[tóróʃɔ̀]
toroshɔ
1670.
1698
only
seule
[kùtú]
[kùtú]
kutu
1671.
638
(be) open
ouvert
[œ́kɔ́rɔ̀yé]
[kɔrɔ̀]
kɔrɔ
[ngbɨ́]
[ŋɡbɨ́]
ngbɨ
one token
1672.
1580
(be) perfect
être parfait
[kœ́ sœ̀ gbá]
[ɡbá]
gba
cf. 1676
1673.
—
(be) pleasant; sweet
agréable
[œ́gáwáā]
[ɡa]
ga
1674.
—
(be) quiet
être tranquille
[kœ́sœ̀ kòkò]
[kòkò]
koko
cf. 1349; 1407; 1685
1675.
426
resemble (in appearance)
ressembler
[kœ́ sœ̀ 'ɓātà]
[ɓātà; ɓàtà]
'bata
cf. 1663
1676.
1578
right; (be) correct
juste
[kœ́sœ̀ gbá]
[gbá]
gba
one token. alt: kə́sə̀ ndʒì. cf. 1672
[kœ́sœ̀ lìndœ́nœ̀]
[lìndə́nə̀]
lindœnœ
cf. 1646
1677.
1247
(be) ripe
mûr
[œ́gbɔ́yé]
[ɡbɔ]
gbɔ
ready to harvest
[œ́mɔ́yé]
[mɔ]
mɔ
ready to eat. cf. 141
1678.
1250
(be) rotten
pourri
[œ́fú yé]
[fu]
fu
1679.
1541
(be) rough
rude
[ɔ́gbɔ́ œ̀rœ̀]
[ɔ́ɡbɔ́]
ɔgbɔ
one token
[ɔ́gbɔ́ àkwà]
—
—
one token
1680.
1462
(be) ruined; spoiled
être gâter
[kœ́ndɨ̀ ūzu]
[ndɨ]
ndɨ
one token. cf. 1893
[kœ́ndɨ̀ œ̀rœ̀]
—
—
one token
1681.
424
same
même
[œ́dœ̀ndʒē]
[ə́də̀ndʒē]
œdœndje
1682.
1524
(be) shallow
peu profond
[bákéákéà]
[báke̯áke̯áà]
bakyakyaa
1683.
1537
(be) sharp
tranchant
[pɔ̀tú pɔ̀tú]
[pɔ̀tú]
pɔtu
one token
[héré héré]
[héré]
here
1684.
1251
shrivelled; (be) wrinkled
ridé
[rógó rógó]
[róɡó]
rogo
1685.
442
(be) silent
être silencieux
[kœ́sœ̀ kòkò]
[kòkò]
koko
cf. 1674
1686.
661
(be) slack
être lâche
[kœ́ sœ̀ tœ̀ àyī pàrà]
—
—
one token
[kœ́sœ̀ tœ̀ àyī àwà]
—
—
one token
1687.
1550
(be) slippery
devenir glissant
[kœ́zúūzūrù]
[zurù]
zuru
1688.
607
(be) smoked
fumé
[ɔ́'ɔ́rɔ́ àgèà]
[ɔ́ʔɔ́rɔ́]
ɔ'ɔrɔ
lit. ‘dry animal’
1689.
1542
(be) smooth
uni; lisse
[zɨ̌zɨ̌]
[zɨ̀ɨ́]
zɨɨ
1690.
1546
(be) soft
mou
[ɔ̄mɔ̄]
[ɔ̄mɔ̄]
ɔmɔ
cf. 141; 1746
1691.
1566
(be) sour
aigre; acide
[œ́kpîkpì]
[kpi]
kpi
1692.
1551
(be) sticky
devenir gluant
[œ́zúzūrù]
[zurù]
zuru
[œ́tôtò ~ œtóto]
[to]
to
1693.
1530
(be) straight
droit
[ndʒì]
[ndʒi]
ndji
1694.
1571
(be) strong
fort
[gbɔ̀gbɔ́]
[ɡbɔ̀ɡbɔ́]
gbɔgbɔ
cf. 1623
1695.
1565
(be) sweet
sucré
[ndûndù]
[ndu]
ndu
1696.
1564
(be) tasty
délicieux
[tʃɔ́ɔ̄tsɔ̄]
[tʃɔ]
tshɔ
1697.
659
(be) tight
serré
[kpòó]
[kpòó]
kpoo
1698.
730
(be) torn
être déchiré
[kœ́sùrù]
[surù]
suru
1699.
1583
(be) ugly
laid
[gágá nə̄nē]
—
—
1700.
1249
(be) unripe
pas mûr
[gbɔ́gbɔ́ nene]
—
—
no entry; no recording
[mɔ́mɔ́ nene]
—
—
no entry; no recording
1701.
1637
(be) used up
être fini
[œ́ká yé]
[ka]
ka
1702.
1573
(be) weak
faible
[mɔ̂mɔ̀]
[mɔ]
mɔ
cf. 141
[kèbvètò]
[kèⱱ̟ètò]
kevweto
1703.
1549
(be) wet
mouillé
[œ́gbá yé]
[ɡba]
gba
1704.
882
whistling (adj)
siffleur
[àyī kœ́'ùrù ɨ̀dɨ̀]
[ʔurù ɨ̀dɨ̀]
'uru ɨdɨ
speaker gave word for ‘person who whistles’
1705.
1642
whole
entier
[dʒígí]
[dʒíɡí]
djigi
1706.
1459
alter (intr.)
se transformer
[kœ́fà œ̀rœ̀]
[fa]
fa
1707.
1459
alter (tr.)
changer
[kœ́fà tœ́]
[fa]
fa
[kœ́yàpà]
[japà]
yapa
1708.
1501
begin
commencer
[kœ́tè bùdú]
[te bùdú]
te budu
alt: kœ́tèndœ́; kœ́'à làfó ndœ́. also: bandà; tolà
[kœ́tà bùdú]
—
—
1709.
(172)
(become) bent
se courber
[kœ́gɔ̀ gàtɨ́]
[ɡɔ ɡàtɨ́]
gɔ gatɨ
1710.
—
be; become
être; devenir
[kœ́sœ̀]
[sə]
sœ
‘be’. one token.
[kœ́ fà]
[fa]
fa
‘become’. one token.
1711.
1567
(become) bitter
devenir amer; acide
[kœ́sœ̀ tœ̀ œ̄shū nœ̀]
[ūʃū]
ushu
‘bitter’
[kœ́ kpíìpì]
[kpi]
kpi
‘sour; tart’
1712.
1498
blaze (v)
flamber
[kœ́tà òwò]
[ta òwò]
ta owo
1713.
1498
burn (intr.)
se brûler
[kœ́ʒù tœ́]
[ʒu]
ju
1714.
(1498)
burn (tr.)
brûler
[kœ́shò]
[ʃo]
sho
1715.
(1498)
(become) burnt
se brûler
[kœ́shò tœ́]
[ʃo]
sho
1716.
1505
cease
cesser
[kœ́kà tœ́nœ̀]
[ka]
ka
1717.
1503
continue; resume
continuer
[kœ́rò gáūtsū nœ̀]
[ro ɡáūtʃū nə̀]
ro gautshu nœ
1718.
(603)
(become) cooked
devenir cuit
[kœ́yù œ̀rœ̀]
[ju]
yu
[kə́mɔ̀ œ̀rœ̀]
[mɔ]
mɔ
cf. 141
1719.
(1553)
cool off; become cold
se refroidir
[kœ́zɨ̀tɨ̀]
[zɨtɨ̀]
zɨtɨ
1720.
1630
decrease (intr.)
diminuer
[kœ́tœ̀ mbèrə̀mbœ̀rə̀]
[te mbèrə̀-mbèrə̀]
te mberœ-mberœ
alt.: zɨtɨ̀
1721.
1491
drown (intr.)
se noyer
[kœ́ndʒòɓà úngú]
[ndʒoɓà úŋɡú]
ndjo'ba ungu
1722.
1340
dry up; evaporate
se dessécher
[kœ́'ɔ̀rɔ̀ úngú]
[ʔɔrɔ̀]
'ɔrɔ
cf. 1723
1723.
(1548)
dry (tr.)
sécher
[kœ́'ɔ̀rɔ̀]
[ʔɔrɔ̀]
'ɔrɔ
cf. 1722; 1811
1724.
1633
(become) equal
devenir égal
[kœ́lîlì]
[li]
li
1725.
609
ferment (alcohol) (v)
fermenter
[kœ́yù ípí]
[ju ípí]
yu ipi
1726.
1506
finish
finir
[kœ́kà àkwà]
[ka]
ka
1727.
1506
(become) finished
finir
[kœ́kà œ̀rœ̀]
[ka]
ka
1728.
210
get well; be in health
se guérir
[kœ́shè tœ́]
[ʃe]
she
1729.
(247)
grow
croître
[kœ́gèrœ̀]
[ɡerə̀]
gerœ
cf. 650
1730.
1544
(become) hard
devenir dur
[kœ́sœ̀ tœ̀ gbɔ́kwákwá]
[sə tə̀ ɡbɔ́ko̯áko̯á]
sœ tœ gbɔkwakwa
1731.
806
have
avoir
[kœ́sœ̀ dœ̀]
[sə də̀]
sœ dœ
1732.
1421
(be in a) hurry
se dépêcher
[kœ́nà kātsā kātsā]
[na kātʃā-kātʃā]
na katsha-katsha
1733.
1629
increase (intr.)
s’augmenter
[kœ́zà tœ́ gápánœ̀]
[za tə́ ɡápá nə̀]
za tœ gapa nœ
1734.
—
jam (v) (intr.)
s’enfoncer
[kœ́kɔ̀kɔ̀rɔ̀ tœ́]
[kɔkɔ̀rɔ̀ tə́]
kɔkɔrɔ tœ
[kœ́lì gàlœ́]
[li ɡàlə́]
li galœ
1735.
1636
lack
manquer
[kœ́sœ̀ nene]
—
—
for a person
[kœ́gúgú nene]
—
—
for a person
[kœ́sœ̀ dœ̀ … nene]
—
—
for an object or an animal
1736.
171
lean (v) (become leaning)
se pencher
[kœ́lù gàpá]
—
—
[kœ́gɔ̀ gàpá]
[ɡɔ ɡàpá]
gɔ gapa
1737.
(1496)
(become) lit
devenir allumé
[kœ́sœ̀ kœ́tsì òwò]
[sə kə́tʃì òwò]
sœ kœtshi owo
1738.
(1248)
(become) mature
mûrir
[kœ́gbɔ̀]
[ɡbɔ]
gbɔ
cf. 1236
1739.
(248)
(become) old
vieillir
[kœ́gbɔ̀]
[ɡbɔ]
gbɔ
no recording; cf. 1236
1740.
1248
(become) ripe
mûrir
[kœ́mɔ̀]
[mɔ]
mɔ
alt: ɡbɔ; cf. 141; 1236
1741.
1283
rust (intr.)
se rouiller
[kœ́zà ngbándʒì]
[za ŋɡbándʒì]
za ngbandji
1742.
1466
separate (intr.); (become) separated
se séparer
[kœ́kùrù tsə́lə́ tə́]
[kurù tʃə́lə́]
kuru tshœlœ
1743.
1537
(become) sharp
devenir tranchant
[kœ́ sœ̀ tœ̀ héré héré]
[sə tə̀ héré-héré]
sœ tœ here-here
one token
[kœ́ sœ̀ tœ̀ pɔ̀tú pɔ̀tú]
[sə tə̀ pɔ̀tú-pɔ̀tú]
sœ tœ pɔtu-pɔtu
Speaker produced [kə́sə̀ pɔ̀tú-pɔ̀tú]. one token.
1744.
1569
smell (bad) (intr.)
puer; sentir mauvais
[kœ́fù]
[fu]
fu
1745.
1543
(make) smooth
lisser
[kœ́yè kóté]
[je kóté]
ye kote
1746.
1546
(become) soft
devenir mou
[kœ́ sœ̀ tœ̀ ɔ̄mɔ̄ nœ̀]
[sə tə̀ ɔ̄mɔ̄ nə̀]
sœ tœ ɔmɔ nœ
cf. 1690
1747.
(717)
split (intr.)
éclater
[kœ́'òmà]
—
—
French should be ‘se fendre’ or ‘se déchirer’
[kœ́'ɨ̀mà]
—
—
1748.
583
spoil (food) (intr.)
gâter
[kœ́kpì]
[kpi]
kpi
1749.
1396
spot; speckle (v)
tacher; tacheter
[kœ́dʒà œ̀rœ̀]
[dʒa; dʒa kóté]
dja; dja kote
one token
[kœ́dʒà ūzū]
[dʒa; dʒa kóté]
dja; dja kote
one token
[kœ́dʒà kóté ə̀rə̀]
[dʒa; dʒa kóté]
dja; dja kote
one token
[kœ́dʒà kóté uzu]
[dʒa; dʒa kóté]
dja; dja kote
one token
1750.
641
stop up
boucher
[kœ́bè àmà]
[be àmà]
be ama
—
[vu àmà]
vu ama
one token
1751.
1531
straighten
rendre droit
[kœ́zà tɔ̀ndʒì]
[za tɔ̀ndʒì]
za tɔndji
1752.
1530
(become) straight
se mettre droit
[kœ́kà ndʒì]
[ka ndʒí]
ka ndji
1753.
1528
swell (v intr.)
se gonfler
[kœ́sùkù tœ́]
[sukù tə́]
suku tœ
1754.
(1528)
(cause to) swell
faire gonfler
[kœ́ tòɨ̀zɨ̀]
[to ɨ̀rɨ̀]
to ɨrɨ
[to ɨ̀rɨ̀] should be [to ɨ̀zɨ̀]?
1755.
183
(become) tired
se fatiguer
[kœ́mɔ́ɔ̄mɔ̄]
[mɔ]
mɔ
cf. 141
[kœ́mɔ̀]
[mɔ]
mɔ
1756.
1549
(become) wet
se mouiller
[kœ́'ǐngú sù tœ́]
[ʔi úŋɡú sù ɡàtə́]
'i ungu su gatœ
Speaker produced [kə́ʔi úŋɡú sù ɡàtə́]
[kə́gbà də̀ úngú]
[ɡba də̀ úŋɡú]
gba dœ ungu
1757.
1252
wither
se dessécher
[kœ́pèwò]
[pewò]
pewo
1758.
1660
east
est
[œ́sœ́ kœ́wùtà ɔ̀lɔ̀]
[ə́sə́ kə́wùtà ɔ̀lɔ̀]
œsœ kœwuta ɔlɔ
1759.
1393
edge (n)
bord
[tsándɨ̀rɨ̀]
[tʃándɨ̀rɨ̀]
tshandɨrɨ
[tsátœ́ àmà]
[tʃátə́ àmà]
tshatœ ama
1760.
1504
end (n)
bout
[ndɔ́ngɔ́lɔ́]
[ndɔ́ŋɡɔ́lɔ́]
ndɔngɔlɔ
[ndɨ́bùdú]
[ndɨ́bùdú]
ndɨbudu
one token
1761.
1670
front
avant
[dʒàgàtsátsū]
[dʒàɡàtʃátʃū]
djagatshatshu
1762.
1654
here
ici
[kpœ́kē]
[kpə́kē]
kpœke
1763.
842
journey (n)
voyage
[œ́nœ́]
[ə́nə́]
œnœ
one token
[áná]
[áná]
ana
one token
1764.
1667
left (dir.)
gauche
[gèlè]
[ɡèlè]
gele
1765.
—
level (n)
niveau
[tsákūmù]
[tʃákūmù]
tshakumu
1766.
—
line of objects
ligne des objets
[œ́wú œ̀rœ̀]
[úwú ə̀rə̀]
uwu œrœ
1767.
1392
middle
milieu
[tságúrú]
[tʃáɡúrú]
tshaguru
1768.
1398
movement
mouvement
[kœ́tùrù tœ́nœ̀]
[kə́tùrù tə́nə̀]
kœturu tœnœ
1769.
1658
north
nord
[dʒà gá tsátsū]
—
—
no recording
1770.
1394
point (n)̠
point
[ə̄ndə̄]
[ə́ndə́]
œndœ
one token
[ə́sə́]
[ə́sə́]
œsœ
one token
1771.
1666
right (direction)
droite
[kūnì]
[kūnì]
kuni
cf. 79
1772.
1391
side
côté
[gándɨ̀rɨ̀]
[ɡándɨ̀rɨ̀]
gandɨrɨ
1773.
1659
south
sud
[dʒà gá māndā]
—
—
no recording
1774.
1418
speed (n)
vitesse
[ɔ̄rɔ̄]
[ɔ̄rɔ̄]
ɔrɔ
1775.
(1422)
take x from y
prendre x de y
[kə́zà x nœ́ y]
[za]
za
cf. 1237
1776.
1655
there
là-bas
[ɓáʔé]
[ɓáʔé]
'ba'e
1777.
(1394)
tip of something
bout; pointe
[ándjá àmà]
[ándʒá àmà]
andja ama
1778.
1387
top
haut
[kumù]
[kūmù; kūmà]
kumu; kuma
cf. 48
1779.
1661
west
ouest
[œ́sœ́ kœ́lì ɔ̀lɔ̀]
[ə́sə́ kə́lì ɔ̀lɔ̀]
œsœ kœli ɔlɔ
1780.
1656
far
loin
[zàrà]
[zàrà]
zara
1781.
(1263)
high; (be) elevated
être enlevé
[kœ́ʔɔ̀ gálàfó]
[ʔɔ ɡálàfó]
'ɔ galafo
1782.
1512
(be) low
bas
[kə́sə́ ɓâtɨ́]
[ɓáàtɨ́]
'baatɨ
speaker produced [ɓáàtɨ́]
[gàtɨ́]
[ɡàtɨ́]
gatɨ
one token
1783.
(1672)
side by side
être côte à côte
[kœ́sœ̀ kpǒkpǒ]
[kpòó]
kpoo
1784.
1420
(be) slow
lent
[yìmà]
[jìmà]
yima
1785.
1439
surround
entourer
[kœ́kpà dʒì]
[kpa dʒì]
kpa dji
1786.
415
accompany
accompagner
[kœ́nà dœ̀]
[na də̀]
na dœ
lit. ‘go with’
1787.
1401
approach (v)
s’approcher
[kə́ndò də̀]
[ndo]
ndo
1787b.
—
dissolve
dissoudre
[kœ́tshàngà]
[tʃaŋɡà]
tshanga
cf. 1952
1788.
1402
arrive
arriver
[kœ́wùtà]
[wutà]
wuta
cf. 1810
1789.
1409
ascend; go up
monter
—
[ʔɔ]
'ɔ
no recording. cf. 1806; 1953
1790.
423
avoid
éviter
[kœ́dɔ̀ pá]
[dɔ pá]
dɔ pa
[kœ́dɔ̀ ɨ́yí]
[dɔ jí]
dɔ yi
cf. 1055
1791.
854
bale out (canoe)
écoper
[kœ́ ì sù é]
—
—
Speaker produced [kə́ʔì úŋɡú sù ʔé]
[kœ́tà úngú]
[ta úŋɡú]
ta ungu
1792.
—
be at
être à
[kœ́sœ̀ ɓá]
[sə ɓá]
sœ 'ba
1793.
(172)
bend back
replier
[kə́kèv'è gàpá]
[keⱱ̟è ɡàpá]
kevwe gapa
1794.
172
bend down
se pencher
[kœ́gɔ̀]
[ɡɔ]
gɔ
1795.
(1393)
border on
toucher à
[kə́tògbà]
[toɡbà]
togba
cf. 1946
1796.
173
bow; bend (v)
se pencher; se prosterner
[kœ́gɔ̀ gàtsákudú]
[ɡɔ ɡàtʃákūdú]
gɔ gatshakudu
1797.
856
bring
apporter
[kœ́zà fœ]
[za fə̄]
za fœ
1798.
857
carry away
emporter
[kœ́zà pòòtœ́]
[za pòtə́; za pòòtə́]
za potœ; za pootœ
1799.
859
carry in arms
porter dans les bras
[kœ́zà gàlœ́ kanœ́]
[za ɡàlə́ kānə́]
za galœ kanœ
1800.
(859)
carry on a pole
porter par un bâton
[kœ́zà dœ̀ ayo]
[za də̀ ājō]
za dœ ayo
alt: za də̀ ŋɡbòŋɡbò
1801.
861
carry on head
porter sur la tête
[kœ́zà gàlœ́ kumù]
[za ɡàlə́ kūmù]
za galœ kumu
one token
[kœ́zà gàpá kumù]
—
—
one token
1802.
860
carry (child) on back
porter (enfant) sur le dos
[kœ́zà gàpá òvòrò]
[za ɡàpá òvòrò]
za gapa ovoro
1803.
1424
catch (object)
attraper (objet)
[kœ́zà œ̀rœ̀]
[za ə̀rə̀]
za œrœ
1804.
777
chase
poursuivre
[kə́gɔ̀rɔ̀]
[ɡɔrɔ̀]
gɔrɔ
cf. 1228; 1270
1805.
(777)
chase away
repousser
[kœ́gètà]
[ɡetà]
geta
cf. 1904; 1924
1806.
(1409)
climb; ascend
grimper
[kœ́ʔɔ̀]
[ʔɔ]
'ɔ
cf. 1789
1807.
640
close
fermer
[kœ́ tsù]
[tʃu]
tshu
cf. 244
1808.
1399
come
venir
[kœ́nà]
[na]
na
cf. 1825
1809.
1399
come from
venir de
[kœ́tò ɓá]
[to ɓá]
to 'ba
1810.
1408
come (or go) out
sortir
[kœ́wùtà]
[wutà]
wuta
cf. 1788
1811.
158
crawl
marcher à quatre pattes
[kœ́ʔɔ̀rɔ̀]
[ʔɔrɔ̀]
'ɔrɔ
cf. 1723
1812.
850
cross
traverser
[kœ́sɔ̀ tsœ́lœ́]
[sɔ tʃə́lə́]
sɔ tshœlœ
1813.
850
cross river
traverser un fleuve
[kœ́zù úngú]
[zu úŋɡú]
zu ungu
1814.
(175)
crouch
s’accroupir
[kə́dʒò]
[dʒo]
djo
cf. 1013
1815.
1533
curve; bend (v) (tr.)
courber
[kə́lù]
[lu]
lu
cf. 944
1816.
1410
descend; go down
descendre
[kœ́ʒœ̀rœ̀]
[ʒerə̀]
jerœ
1817.
1072
dive (v)
plonger
[kœ́ʔì]
[ʔi]
'i
cf. 1011; 1834; 1921
1818.
1435
drag
traîner
[kœ́ gbòtɔ̀]
[ɡbotà; ɡbotɔ̀]
gbota; gbotɔ
cf. 1854
1819.
1429
drop (tr.)
laisser tomber
[kœ́kà tœ́…tɨ̀]
[ka tə́]
ka tœ
cf. 1838; 1839
1820.
1411
drop; fall (intr.)
tomber
[kœ́tè]
[te]
te
1821.
(276; 421)
fear; flee
avoir peur; s’enfuir
[kœ́sœ̀ dœ̀ àwà]
[sə də̀ àwà]
sœ dœ awa
‘fear’. cf. 1363
1822.
503
follow
suivre
[kœ́nà mandá]
[na māndá]
na manda
[kœ́nà ngbá]
[na māŋɡbá]
na mangba
one token
1823.
846
get lost
se perdre
[kœ́dzìngìlì]
[dʒiŋɡìlì]
djingili
1824.
1413
glide
se glisser
[kə́zùrù dràmbə̀ʃà]
[zurù dàràmbèʃà]
zuru darambesha
[kə́kpà ndàyì]
[kpa ndàjì]
kpa ndayi
1825.
1400
go
aller
[kə́nà]
[na]
na
cf. 1808; 1887
1826.
(1400)
go away
s’en aller
[kə́ nà gàtə́ʃó]
[na ɡàtə́ʃó]
na gatœsho
1827.
1405
go back; return
retourner
[kə́kwà]
[ko̯a]
kwa
1828.
(1400)
go from x to y
quitter x pour arriver à y
[kœ́kàtœ́ x kœ́wùtà gàlœ́ y]
—
—
1829.
(1405)
go home from work
rentrer chez soi (après le travail)
[kə́gù]
[ɡu]
gu
1830.
1407
go in
entrer
[kə́lì]
[li]
li
1831.
1406
go round
aller autour
[kə́fà dʒì]
[fa dʒì]
fa dji
1832.
(1530)
go straight; steer
aller tout droit
[kə́rò ndʒì]
[ro ndʒì]
ro ndji
1833.
1421
hasten; hurry
se dépêcher
[kə́gbɔ̀gbɔ̀ tə́ʃó]
[ɡbɔɡbɔ̀ tə́ʃó]
gbɔgbɔ tœsho
1834.
161
jump (v)
sauter
[kə́ʔì]
[ʔi]
'i
cf. 1817
1835.
176
kneel
s’agenouiller; se mettre à genoux
[kə́gòtè]
[ɡotè; ɡotè də̀ kódà]
gote; gote dœ koda
1836.
171
lean (intr.)
s’appuyer
[kə́zà tə́…mɨ]
—
—
Second token: kə́zà mɨ̀
1837.
171
lean (tr.)
appuyer sur
[kə́zà mɨ̀]
[za mɨ̀]
za mɨ
[kə́zà kù]
—
—
one token
1838.
1404
leave (place)
quitter (endroit)
[kə́kà tə́]
[ka tə́]
ka tœ
Speaker produced [kə́kà tə́ʃó tɨ̄]. one token. cf. 1819
1839.
1470
leave (something somewhere)
laisser (qqch qqpt)
[kə́kà tə́]
[ka tə́]
ka tœ
one token. cf. 1819
1840.
(152)
lie across
se trouver à travers
[kə́sə̀ kùlə́]
[sə kùlə́]
sœ kulœ
1841.
152
lie down
se coucher
[kə́lò]
[lo]
lo
1842.
1427
lift
lever
[kə́tɨ̀ gálàfó]
[tɨ ɡálàfó]
tɨ galafo
1843.
(863)
load on head
amonceler; mettre sur la tête
[kə́tɨ gàlə́ kūmù]
—
—
1844.
864
load (v)
charger
[kœ́kò gàlœ́]
[ko ɡàlə́]
ko galœ
1845.
(1428)
lower (v)
faire descendre
[kœ́kò gàtɨ́]
[ko ɡàtɨ́]
ko gatɨ
1846.
1397
move
bouger
[kə́trù]
[turù]
turu
1847.
529
move away; migrate
émigrer
[kœ́gù ōgō]
[ɡu ōɡō]
gu ogo
1848.
322
obstruct
obstruer
[kə́wà ndə́]
[wa ndə́]
wa ndœ
1849.
639
open (v) (as a box)
ouvrir
[kə́kɔ̀rɔ̀]
[kɔrɔ̀]
kɔrɔ
1850.
1438
overtake
rattraper; dépasser
[kə́rò]
[ro]
ro
1851.
(1438)
pass (intr.)
passer
[kə́rò]
[ro]
ro
1852.
1438
pass (tr.)
passer
[kə́zà fə]
—
—
1853.
(1469)
place crosswise
poser à travers
[kə́zà kùtənə̌kū]
[za kùtə̄nə̀ə́kù]
za kutœnœœku
1854.
1434
pull
tirer
[kə́gbòtà]
[ɡbotà; ɡbotɔ̀]
gbota; gbotɔ
cf. 1818
1855.
(1434)
pull out
tirer de
[kə́gbòtà lə́]
[ɡbotà lə́]
gbota lœ
1856.
(1505)
pull up; come to a halt
s’arrêter
[kə́kà]
[ka]
ka
1857.
1436
push
pousser
[kə́kù]
[ku]
ku
cf. 1981
1858.
(1469)
put down
déposer
[kə́zà gàtɨ́]
[za ɡàtɨ́]
za gatɨ
1859.
(1469)
put x on y
mettre x sur y
[kœ́zà x gàpá y]
—
—
1860.
1469
put; place; set
poser; mettre
[kœ́zà]
[za]
za
cf. 1237
1861.
1403
remain
rester
[kə́sə̀pè]
[səpè; sepè]
sœpe; sepe
1862.
151
rise up (intr.)
se lever
[kə́àlà fò]
[ʔalà fó; ʔa fó]
'ala fo; 'a fo
1863.
159
run
courir
[kə́kpà]
[kpa]
kpa
1864.
421
run away
s’en fuir
[kə́kpà]
[kpa]
kpa
1865.
640
shut (tr.)
fermer
[kə́tʃù]
[tʃu]
tshu
cf. 244
1866.
1490
sink
couler
[kə́tàrà]
[tarà]
tara
1867.
150
sit
s’asseoir
[kə́sə̀ gàtɨ́]
[sə ɡàtɨ́]
sœ gatɨ
1868.
(1550)
slip
glisser
[kə́ zùrù dràmbèʃà]
[zurù dàràmbèʃà]
zuru darambesha
1869.
1423
snatch
empoigner (qqch)
[kə́kà kàrà]
[kakàrà]
kakara
1870.
633
spill (moving to and fro)
renverser
[kə́kplà kà]
[kpalàkà]
kpalaka
alt: tu pá nə̀
1871.
(1444)
sprawl
s’étaler
[kœ́sàkà tœ́]
[sakà]
saka
1872.
1444
spread everywhere
répandre
[kə́kùrù tʃə́lə́]
[kurù tʃə́lə́]
kuru tshœlœ
cf. 1980
1873.
175
squat
s’accroupir
[kə́dʒò]
[dʒo]
djo
cf. 1013
1874.
163
stamp (with feet)
taper du pied
[kœ́dɔ̀]
[dɔ]
dɔ
cf. 1903
1875.
172
stoop (v)
avoir le dos rond
[kœ́ sœ̀ dígɔ́]
[sə díɡɔ́]
sœ digɔ
1876.
156
stumble
tréboucher
[kœ́zà tɔ̀shɔ́]
[za tɔ̀ʃɔ́]
za tɔshɔ
1877.
(1438)
surpass
devancer
[kə́rò pá]
[ro pá]
ro pa
1878.
1412
swing (v)
se balancer
[kœ́bvì]
[ⱱ̟i ɡbàɡòndà]
vwi gbagonda
1879.
843
travel
voyager
[kə́nà áná]
[na áná]
na ana
[kə́nà ugu awa]
—
—
1880.
(155)
tread
marcher (sur)
[kə́zùrù]
[zurù]
zuru
1881.
1433
turn over (tr.)
retourner
[kə́fà]
—
—
1882.
153
turn round (intr.)
se retourner
[kə́fà tə̀]
—
—
1883.
153
turn round (tr.)
tourner
[kə́fà]
[fa]
fa
1884.
1440
twist (tr.)
tordre
[kə́dù]
[du]
du
1885.
865
unload
décharger
[kœ́kò gàtɨ́]
[ko ɡàtɨ́]
ko gatɨ
1886.
(865)
unload from head
décharger de la tête
[kœ́zà gátɨ lœ́ kumù]
[za ɡàtɨ́ lə́ kūmù]
za gatɨ lœ kumu
1887.
154
walk
marcher
[kœ́nà]
[na]
na
no recording. cf. 1825
1888.
845
wander
errer
[kœ́nà dzèzè]
[na dʒèzə̀]
na djezœ
1889.
1301
wave (hand as a greeting) (v)
faire un geste de la main
[kœ́mèà kanœ́]
[me̯a kānə́]
mya kanœ
1890.
1447
beat
battre
[kœ́ɓì]
[ɓi; i]
'bi; i
cf. 1109
1891.
141
bite (v)
mordre
[kœ́lò]
[lo]
lo
1892.
1268
bore a hole
percer un trou
[kə́tò ōgōrō]
[tɔ ōɡōrō]
tɔ ogoro
1893.
(1460)
break up
briser en morceau; transpercer
[kə́ndɨ̀]
[ndɨ]
ndɨ
cf. 1680; 1894; 1899
1894.
1460
break (tr.)
casser
[kə́ndɨ̀]
[ndɨ]
ndɨ
no recording. cf. 1893
1895.
1416
burst
éclater
[kœ́sɔ̀]
—
—
speaker produced [kə́sɔ̀ jāvūrū]. alt: de
1896.
(1416)
burst open
ourvirir subitement
[kə́dè]
[de]
de
1897.
146
choke
étrangler
[kœ́zà àngrɔ́]
[za àŋɡɔ́rɔ́]
za angɔrɔ
1898.
1457
crush (tr.)
écraser
[kœ́krɔ̀nɔ̀]
[kɔrɔ̀nɔ̀]
kɔrɔnɔ
‘crush with the hands’. cf. 1964
[kœ́dɔ̀ tsélœ́]
[de tʃə́lə́]
de tshœlœ
‘crush with the feet’
1899.
1461
destroy; spoil
détruire
[kœ́ndɨ̀ œ̀rœ̀]
[ndɨ ə̀rə̀]
ndɨ œrœ
cf. 1893
1900.
1491
drown (tr.)
noyer
[kœ́ndrù]
[ndurù]
nduru
alt: ndoròmbà
1901.
1446
hit; beat (with stick/spear)
frapper avec une lance / un bâton
[kœ́ɓì]
[ɓi; i]
'bi; i
cf. 1109
1902.
1446
hit strike (with hand)
frapper
[kœ́ɓì]
[ɓi; i]
'bi; i
cf. 1109
1903.
162
kick
piétiner
[kə́dɔ̀]
[dɔ]
dɔ
cf. 1874; 1916
1904.
1432
knock down
renverser
[kə́gètà]
[ɡetà]
geta
cf. 1805
1905.
1452
pierce
percer
[kœ́sù]
[su]
su
1906.
(1149)
poke
piquer
[kə́tɔ̀rɔ̀]
[tɔrɔ̀]
tɔrɔ
1907.
(1149)
poke in
mettre dans; fourrer
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
1908.
(1456)
press
presser; serrer
[kœ́pɔ̀ gàtœ́nœ̀]
[pɔ ɡàtə́ nə̀]
pɔ gatœ nœ
1909.
1431
shoot
tirer
[kœ́nɔ̀]
[nɔ]
nɔ
1910.
(592)
slash
taillader
[kœ́wà àtɨ́]
[wa àtɨ́]
wa atɨ
1911.
1460
smash; break
briser en morceau
[kœ́ ɓɨ̀ kùtrù-kùtrù]
[ɓi kùtùrù-kùtùrù]
'bi kuturu-kuturu
1912.
1450
snap; break
casser
[kə́kàvwà]
[kaⱱ̟à]
kavwa
1913.
1510
stab
poignarder
[kœ́sù]
[su]
su
1914.
1430
throw
jeter
[kə́bvì]
[ⱱ̟i]
vwi
speaker produced form for item 1915
1915.
1468
throw away
jeter
[kœ́zà bvìʔɨ́]
[za ⱱ̟ìʔí]
za vwi'i
no recording
1916.
0164
trample
piétiner
[kə́dɔ̀]
[dɔ]
dɔ
cf. 1903
1917.
1464
accumulate
accumuler
[kœ́ngbɔ̀ɓà]
[ŋɡbɔɓà]
ngbɔ'ba
cf. 1941
1918.
0702
act; do
agir
[kœ́mbrœ̀]
[mbərə̀]
mbœrœ
1919.
1417
assemble (tr.)
réunir
[kœ́ngbɔ̀ɓá]
[ŋɡbɔɓà]
ngbɔ'ba
cf. 1941
1920.
0665
bar (door) (v)
barrer (porte)
[kœ́zà kùlœ́]
[za kùlə́]
za kulœ
1921.
0655
bind
lier; attacher
[kœ́ʔì]
[ʔi]
'i
cf. 1817
1922.
0110
blow
souffler
[kœ́'ùrù]
[ʔurù]
'uru
[kə́pè]
[pe]
pe
1923.
1478
blow away
emporter
[kœ́zòmà pò]
[zomàpò]
zomapo
1924.
1477
blow down
abattre; renverser
[kə́gètà]
[ɡetà]
geta
cf. 1805
1925.
(110; 1528)
blow up; inflate
gonfler
[kœ́tò ɨ̀zɨ̀]
[to ɨ̀zɨ̀]
to ɨzɨ
1926.
1442
coil (v)
rouleau
[kœ́dzè]
[dʒe]
dje
1927.
0658
contract; tighten (tr.)
resserrer
[kœ́sòrò]
[sorò]
soro
1928.
1458
create
créer
[kœ́mbrœ̀]
[mbərə̀]
mbœrœ
no recording
1929.
1485
dip
tremper
[kœ́yì gálà]
[ji ɡálà]
yi gala
1930.
1417
disappear
disparaître
[kœ́yìwà]
[jiwà]
yiwa
1931.
1481
drip
dégoutter
[kə́sà]
[sa]
sa
1932.
1493
fade
se faner
[kə́gùrù]
[ɡurù]
guru
1933.
0298
fail
échouer
[kœ́tè dœ̀]
[te də̀]
te dœ
1934.
1479
fan (v)
éventer
[kœ́pè]
[pe]
pe
1935.
0655
fasten
attacher
[kœ́ʔì pò]
[ʔi pò]
'i po
1936.
0635
fill
remplir
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
1937.
1526
flatten
aplatir
[kœ́gùmà zɨ̌]
[ɡumà zɨ̀ɨ́]
guma zɨɨ
1938.
1489
float
flotter
[kœ́rù tála tála]
[ru tálā-tálā]
ru tala-tala
1939.
1480
flow
couler
[kœ́trà]
[tarà]
tara
1940.
1441
fold (v)
plier
[kə́kèvwè]
[keⱱ̟è]
kevwe
1941.
(1465)
gather up
ramasser
[kœ́ngbɔ̀ɓà]
[ŋɡbɔɓà]
ngbɔ'ba
cf. 1215; 1246; 1917; 1919
1942.
(1492)
give light
éclairer
[kə́tʃì]
[tʃi]
tshi
cf. 1635; 1973
1943.
1443
hang up
suspendre
[kœ́zà dì]
[za dì]
za di
1944.
1426
hold
tenir
[kœ́zà]
[za]
za
no recording. cf. 1237
1945.
1629
increase (tr.)
augmenter
[kœ́zà gàpá]
[za ɡàpá]
za gapa
no recording
1946.
1463
join; put together
rejoindre
[kœ́tògbɔ̀]
[toɡbɔ̀; toɡbà]
togbɔ; togba
cf. 1256; 1795
1947.
1482
leak (v)
avoir une fuite; perte d’eau
[kə́sà]
[sa]
sa
1948.
—
leave over
laisser; remettre à plus tard
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
1949.
0660
loosen
relâcher
[kə́zù]
[zu]
zu
alt: zu páʃɔ̀
1950.
1473
lose (tr.)
perdre
[ə̀rə̀ yíwà tə́ mə̄]
[jiwà]
yiwa
1951.
1458
make
faire
[kœ́mbrœ̀]
[mbərə̀]
mbœrœ
no recording
1952.
1499
melt (tr.)
fondre
[kœ́tsàngà]
[tʃaŋɡà]
tshanga
1953.
(1409)
mount (v)
monter
[kœ́ʔɔ́]
[ʔɔ]
'ɔ
cf. 1789
1954.
0516
pacify
apaiser
[kœ́zɨ̀tɨ̀]
[zɨtɨ̀]
zɨtɨ
1955.
(289)
pick out
extirper; ôter (aves les doigts)
[kə́rɔ̀]
—
—
1956.
1425
pick up
prendre; ramasser
[kœ́zà]
[za]
za
cf. 1237
1957.
0591
prepare
préparer
[kœ́gbèdœ̀]
—
—
cf. 1446
1958.
(809)
produce; give out
produire; donner
—
—
—
no entry; no recording
1959.
0493
protect
protéger
[kœ́gbɔ̀ndœ́]
[ɡbɔ ndə́]
gbɔ ndœ
cf. 971; 977; 1219; 1248
1960.
1497
quench; extinguish
éteindre
[kœ́rù]
[ru]
ru
1961.
0863
rest heavily on; be burdensome
s’appuyer sur; être un fardeau
[kœ́zà kù]
—
—
second token: kə́zà tə́ kù
1962.
0211
revive
ressusciter
[kœ́tɔ̀ lœ́]
[tɔ lə́]
tɔ lœ
1963.
—
roar
rugir
[kœ́ʒìngbà]
[ʒiŋɡbà]
jingba
1964.
1449
rub
frotter
[kœ́krɔ̀nɔ̀]
[kɔrɔ̀nɔ̀]
kɔrɔnɔ
cf. 183; 1898
1965.
1467
scatter (intr.)
se disperser
[kœ́ndʒɔ̀ tsœ́lœ́ tœ́]
[ndʒɔ tʃə́lə́ tə́]
ndjɔ tshœlœ tœ
1966.
1467
scatter (tr.)
disperser
[kœ́ndʒɔ̀ tsœ́lœ́]
[ndʒɔ tʃə́lə́]
ndjɔ tshœlœ
1967.
1450
scrape
érafler
[kə́tʃò à]
[tʃo̯a; tʃowà]
tshwa; tshowa
1968.
(1450)
scrape; pick off
racler
[kœ́trùmà]
[turùmà]
turuma
1969.
1451
scratch; dig
gratter
[kə́ndʒɔ̀]
[ndʒɔ]
ndjɔ
alt: tʃo̯a
1970.
1466
separate (tr.)
séparer
[kœ́krù tsœ́lœ́]
[kurù tʃə́lə́]
kuru tshœlœ
1971.
1455
shake (tr.)
secouer
[kœ́mèà]
[me̯a; mea]
mya; mea
1972.
0565
shave (v)
raser
[kœ́lɨ̀]
[lɨ]
lɨ
1973.
1492
shine (v)
briller
[kœ́tʃì]
[tʃi]
tshi
cf. 1942
1974.
1500
singe
brûler légèrement
[kə́yà]
[ja]
ya
1975.
1484
smear (tr.)
barbouiller
[kə́ndzà]
[ndʒa]
ndja
cf. 252
1976.
1486
soak
tremper
[kœ́yì gálà]
[ji ɡálà]
yi gala
1977.
(593)
split (tr.)
fendre
[kə́dè tʃélə́]
[de tʃə́lə́]
de tshœlœ
1978.
1444
spread out (tr.) (e.g. maize)
étaler; déployer
[kœ́sàkà]
[sakà]
saka
1979.
1415
spread (as disease or fire)
se répandre (maladie; feu; liane)
[kə́ fà ndzèngènè]
[fa ndʒēŋɡènè]
fa ndjengene
1980.
1483
sprinkle
répandre
[kə́gò]
[ɡo]
go
sprinkle dust
[kə́vwì]
[ⱱ̟i]
vwi
sprinkle water
1981.
1456
squeeze
presser
[kə́kù]
[ku]
ku
cf. 1857; 1983
1982.
(1456)
squeeze out
extraire
[kə́pù]
[pu]
pu
1983.
(1456)
squeeze (especially with the fingers)
presser (avec les doigts)
[kə́kù]
[ku]
ku
no recording. cf. 1981
1984.
(1551)
stick (v) (intr.)
se coller
[kətɔ̀pè]
[tɔpè]
tɔpe
1985.
(1551)
stick (v) (tr.)
enfoncer
[kə́pì]
[pi]
pi
no recording
1986.
1149
sting (v)
piquer
[kə́tɔ̀]
[tɔ]
tɔ
alt: tɔ ndàwò
1987.
1445
stretch
tendre
[kə́yɔ̀rò tʃélə́]
[jɔrò tʃə́lə́]
yɔro tshœlœ
1988.
1454
strip off
s’enlever
[kə́sɔ̀]
[sɔ ɔ́kɔ́]
sɔ ɔkɔ
speaker produced [sɔ ɔ́kɔ́]
1989.
0634
take out
faire sortir
[kə́kò gǎʃú]
[ko ɡàúʃú]
ko gaushu
1990.
—
tangle (v)
mêler
[kə́dʒàngà]
[dʒaŋɡà]
djanga
1991.
1453
tear (tr.)
déchirer
[kə́sùrù]
[surù]
suru
1992.
0122
tremble
trembler
[kə́dè gbàrá gbàrá]
[de ɡbàrá-ɡbàrá]
de gbara-gbara
1993.
(1480)
trickle (v)
couler (goutte à goutte)
[kə́sà]
[sa]
sa
1994.
0643
uncover
découvrir
[kə́tɔ̀ pá]
[tɔ pá]
tɔ pa
1995.
0737
wash (tr.)
laver
[kə́yùtɔ̀]
[jutɔ̀]
yutɔ
1996.
1549
wet; immerse (v)
mouiller
[kə́gbà]
[ɡba]
gba
1997.
(1442)
wind (v)
enrouler
[kə́dʒè]
[dʒe]
dje
1998.
0563
wipe
essuyer
[kə́trù]
[turù]
turu
1999.
0648
wrap up
envelopper
[kə́gwà]
[ɡo̯a]
gwa
2000.
1487
wring out
tordre; essorer
[kə́nɔ̀nɔ̀]
[nɔnɔ̀]
nɔnɔ
1. We wish to thank Bruce Connell, Mike Fox, Matthew Olson, Gary Simons, and Tom Van Wynen for technical assistance, and SIL International and the University of Chicago (Century Fellowship) for funding. The fieldwork for this study was conducted under the auspices of SIL International and the University of Chicago, and by invitation of the Communauté Évangélique du Christ en Ubangi.
2. The right-hook v symbol <ⱱ> was added to Unicode version 5.1 at code point U+2C71. Proper rendering of the symbol in the HTML edition of the wordlist requires the Charis SIL font v. 4.104 or later and the Doulos SIL font v. 4.104 or later, available at
[http://scripts.sil.org/CharisSILfont ] and
[http://scripts.sil.org/DoulosSILfont ], respectively.
4. An alternative standard for linguistic metadata has been proposed called the ISLE Meta Data Initiative. See
[http://www.mpi.nl/IMDI/ ] for more details.
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